一、区分正向逆向用例
思路：在测试数据中添加一一个标识正向用例或逆向用例的标记：如：True/False
步骤：
- 调用登录方法(此登录方法中，只有输入用户名、输入密码、输入验证码、
点击登录按钮) - 判断用例标记：
#判断安全退出是否存在
#点击安全退出
#点击登录连接地址
二、实例
TPshop网站的登录模块进行单元测试（最终版），可点击链接查看之前不同模式的测试
（一）实现步骤
- 编写测试用例
- 采用PO模式的分层思想对页面进行封装
- 编写测试脚本
- 定义数据文件，实现参数化
（二）用例设计
（三）代码结构图
（四）示例代码
- 对象库层：base.py
"""base.py"""
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
# Auothor:yue_luo
import time
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
class Base:
# 初始化
def __init__(self,driver):
self.driver = driver
# 查找元素方法
def base_find_element(self,loc,timeout=30,poll_frequency=0.5):
return WebDriverWait(driver=self.driver,timeout=timeout,poll_frequency=poll_frequency).until(lambda x:x.find_element(*loc))
# 点击方法
def base_click(self,loc):
self.base_find_element(loc).click()
# 输入方法
def base_input(self,loc,value):
element = self.base_find_element(loc)
element.clear()
element.send_keys(value)
# 获取文本方法
def base_get_text(self,loc):
msg = self.base_find_element(loc).text
return msg
# 截图
def base_get_image(self,):
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file("./{}.png".format(time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S")))
# 判断元素是否存在
def base_if_success(self,loc):
try:
self.base_find_element(loc, timeout=2)
# 找到元素 assertTrue
return True
except:
return False
"""get_driver.py"""
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
# Auothor:yue_luo
from selenium import webdriver
from v3 import page
class GetDriver:
driver = None
@classmethod
def get_driver(cls):
if cls.driver == None:
cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
cls.driver.maximize_window()
cls.driver.get(page.url)
return cls.driver
@classmethod
def quit_driver(cls):
if cls.driver:
cls.driver.quit()
"""置空"""
cls.driver = None
- 操作层：_ _init _ _.py 和 page_login.py
"""__init__.py"""
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
# Auothor:yue_luo
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
"""以下为服务器域名配置地址"""
url ="http://www.tpshop.com"
"""以下为登录页面配置信息"""
# 登录链接
login_link = By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT , "登录"
# 用户名
login_username = By.ID,"username"
# 密码
login_pwd = By.NAME,"password"
# 验证码
login_verify_code = By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#verify_code"
# 登录按钮
login_btn =By.NAME,"sbtbutton"
# 获取异常文本信息
login_err_info = By.CLASS_NAME,"layui-layer-content"
# 异常提示框 确定按钮
login_err_btn_ok = By.CSS_SELECTOR,".layui-layer-btn0"
# 安全退出
login_logout = By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT,"安全退出"
"""page_login.py"""
from v3 import page
from v3.base.base import Base
class PageLogin(Base):
# 点击登录链接
def page_click_login_link(self):
self.base_click(page.login_link)
# 输入用户名
def page_input_username(self,username):
self.base_input(page.login_username,username)
# 输入密码
def page_input_passwrod(self,pwd):
self.base_input(page.login_pwd,pwd)
# 输入验证码
def page_input_verify_code(self,code):
self.base_input(page.login_verify_code,code)
# 点击登录
def page_click_login_btn(self):
self.base_click(page.login_btn)
# 获取异常提示信息
def page_get_error_info(self):
return self.base_get_text(page.login_err_info)
# 点击异常信息框 确定
def page_click_error_btn_ok(self):
self.base_click(page.login_err_btn_ok)
# 截图
def page_get_screenshot(self):
self.base_get_image()
# 点击 安全退出->退出登录
def page_click_logout(self):
self.base_click(page.login_logout)
# 判断是否登录成功
def page_is_login_success(self):
return self.base_if_success(page.login_logout)
# 判断是否退出成功
def page_is_logout_success(self):
return self.base_if_success(page.login_link)
# 组合业务方法
def page_login(self,username,pwd,code):
self.page_input_username(username)
self.page_input_passwrod(pwd)
self.page_input_verify_code(code)
self.page_click_login_btn()
- 业务层：test_login.py
"""test_login.py"""
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
# Auothor:yue_luo
# 导包
import unittest
from time import sleep
from parameterized import parameterized
from v3.base.get_driver import GetDriver
from v3.page.page_login import PageLogin
# 参数化
from v3.tool.read_json import read_json
def get_data():
data = read_json("login.json")
"""
期望数据格式：[("13099999999","123456","8888","账号不存在!",false),
("17864307785","error","8888","密码错误!",false)]
"""
list = []
for n in data.values():
list.append((n["username"], n["pwd"], n["code"], n["msg"],n["flag"]))# n["key"] 或n.get("key")
return list
# 新建测试类并继承
class TestLogin(unittest.TestCase):
# setUp
@classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):
# 实例化driver并获取
cls.driver = GetDriver().get_driver()
# 实例化 获取登录对象
cls.login =PageLogin(cls.driver)
# 点击登录链接
cls.login.page_click_login_link()
# tearDown
@classmethod
def tearDownClass(cls):
# 关闭driver浏览器驱动对象
sleep(3)
GetDriver().quit_driver()
# 登录测试方法
@parameterized.expand(get_data())
def test_login(self,username,pwd,code,expect_result,success):
# 调用登录方法
self.login.page_login(username,pwd,code)
# 登陆成功
if success :
try:
# 判断 安全退出是否存在
self.assertTrue(self.login.page_is_login_success())
print("***登录成功")
# 退出
self.login.page_click_logout()
try:
self.assertTrue(self.login.page_is_logout_success())
except AssertionError:
# 截图
self.login.page_get_screenshot()
raise
except AssertionError:
# 截图
self.login.page_get_screenshot()
raise
finally:
self.login.page_click_login_link()
else:
# 获取登录提示信息
result = self.login.page_get_error_info()
print("result；",result)
sleep(1)
#断言
try:
self.assertIn(result,expect_result)
sleep(1)
except AssertionError:
#截图
self.login.page_get_screenshot()
raise
finally:
# 点击提示框确定按钮
self.login.page_click_error_btn_ok()
sleep(1)
- 数据文件（login.json）
{
"login_01":{"username":"13099999999","pwd":"123456","code":"8888","msg":"账号不存在!","flag":false},
"login_02":{"username":"17864307785","pwd":"error","code":"8888","msg":"密码错误!","flag":false},
"login_03":{"username":"","pwd":"error","code":"8888","msg":"用户名不能为空!","flag":false},
"login_04":{"username":"17864307785","pwd":"","code":"8888","msg":"密码不能为空!","flag":false},
"login_05":{"username":"17864307785","pwd":"error","code":"","msg":"验证码不能为空!","flag":false},
"login_06":{"username":"17864307785","pwd":"123456","code":"8888","msg":"安全退出","flag":true}
}
- 工具类（read_json.py）
import json
def read_json(filename):
filepath ="../data/"+ filename
with open(filepath,"r",encoding="utf8") as f:
return json.load(f)
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