字段--属性--索引器的简单小实例

字段：也叫成员变量，必须是名词 field：地域 -空间–计算机程序的本源 最好都是private 或者 protected
实例字段 表示的是实例对象的状态
静态字段 static 表示的是类型当前的状态
以下是程序演示

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            List<Student> stuList = new List<Student>();

            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
            {
                Student stu = new Student();
                stu.Age = 15 + i;
                stu.Score = 60 + i;
                stuList.Add(stu);
            }

            int totalAge = 0;
            int totalScore = 0;
            foreach (var stu in stuList)
            {
                totalAge += stu.Age;
                totalScore += stu.Score;
            }
            Student.AverageAge = totalAge / Student.Amount;
            Student.AverageScore = totalScore / Student.Amount;

            Student.AmoutReport();
            Student.AverageAgeReport();
            Student.AverageScoreReport();
            Student.AmoutReport();

        }

    }

class Student
    {
        public int ID;
        public string Name;
        public int Score;
        public int Age;

        public static int AverageAge;
        public static int AverageScore;
        public static int Amount;

        //构造函数
        public Student()
        {
            Student.Amount++;
        }

        public static void AmoutReport()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(Student.Amount);
        }

        public static void AverageAgeReport()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(Student.AverageAge);
        }

        public static void AverageScoreReport()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(Student.AverageScore);
        }

    }

索引器：有人建议在网上再找找
主要用在集合类型上

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Student stu = new Student();
            stu["math"] = 90;
            var mathScore = stu["math"];
            Console.WriteLine(mathScore);
        }
    }

class Student
    {
        private Dictionary<string, int> scoreDictionary = new Dictionary<string, int>();

        //int? 是可空类型
        public int? this[string subject]
        {
            get {
                /* return the specified index here */
                if (this.scoreDictionary.ContainsKey(subject))
                {
                    return this.scoreDictionary[subject];
                }
                else
                {
 return null;
                }

            }
            set {
                /* set the specified index to value here */
                if (value.HasValue == false)
                {
                    throw new Exception("kongzhi ");
                }
                if (this.scoreDictionary.ContainsKey(subject))
                {
                    this.scoreDictionary[subject] = value.Value;
                }
                else
                {
                    this.scoreDictionary.Add(subject, value.Value);
                }
            }
        }
    }