【Python百日进阶-数据分析】Day131 - plotly柱状图（条形图）:go.bar()实例2

4.2.14 多类别轴型条形图

如果记录道具有x或y阵列，则轴类型将自动推断为多类别。

import plotly.graph_objects as go
x = [
    ["BB+", "BB+", "BB+", "BB", "BB", "BB"],
    [16, 17, 18, 16, 17, 18,]
]
fig = go.Figure()
fig.add_bar(x=x,y=[1,2,3,4,5,6])
fig.add_bar(x=x,y=[6,5,4,3,2,1])
fig.update_layout(barmode="relative")
fig.show()

4.2.15 基本水平条形图

import plotly.graph_objects as go

fig = go.Figure(go.Bar(
            x=[20, 14, 23],
            y=['giraffes', 'orangutans', 'monkeys'],
            orientation='h'))

fig.show()

4.2.16 彩色水平条形图

import plotly.graph_objects as go

fig = go.Figure()
fig.add_trace(go.Bar(
    y=['giraffes', 'orangutans', 'monkeys'],
    x=[20, 14, 23],
    name='SF Zoo',
    orientation='h',
    marker=dict(
        color='rgba(246, 78, 139, 0.6)',
        line=dict(color='rgba(246, 78, 139, 1.0)', width=3)
    )
))
fig.add_trace(go.Bar(
    y=['giraffes', 'orangutans', 'monkeys'],
    x=[12, 18, 29],
    name='LA Zoo',
    orientation='h',
    marker=dict(
        color='rgba(58, 71, 80, 0.6)',
        line=dict(color='rgba(58, 71, 80, 1.0)', width=3)
    )
))

fig.update_layout(barmode='stack')
fig.show()

4.2.17 条形图的调色板

import plotly.graph_objects as go

top_labels = ['Strongly<br>agree', 'Agree', 'Neutral', 'Disagree',
              'Strongly<br>disagree']

colors = ['rgba(38, 24, 74, 0.8)', 'rgba(71, 58, 131, 0.8)',
          'rgba(122, 120, 168, 0.8)', 'rgba(164, 163, 204, 0.85)',
          'rgba(190, 192, 213, 1)']

x_data = [[21, 30, 21, 16, 12],
          [24, 31, 19, 15, 11],
          [27, 26, 23, 11, 13],
          [29, 24, 15, 18, 14]]

y_data = ['课程有效地组织了起来',
          '这门课程培养了我对这门学科的能力和技能',
          '这门课程培养了我批判性思考问题的能力',
          '我向朋友推荐这门课程']

fig = go.Figure()

for i in range(0, len(x_data[0])):
    for xd, yd in zip(x_data, y_data):
        fig.add_trace(go.Bar(
            x=[xd[i]], y=[yd],
            orientation='h',
            marker=dict(
                color=colors[i],
                line=dict(color='rgb(248, 248, 249)', width=1)
            )
        ))

fig.update_layout(
    xaxis=dict(
        showgrid=False,
        showline=False,
        showticklabels=False,
        zeroline=False,
        domain=[0.15, 1]
    ),
    yaxis=dict(
        showgrid=False,
        showline=False,
        showticklabels=False,
        zeroline=False,
    ),
    barmode='stack',
    paper_bgcolor='rgb(248, 248, 255)',
    plot_bgcolor='rgb(248, 248, 255)',
    margin=dict(l=120, r=10, t=140, b=80),
    showlegend=False,
)

annotations = []

for yd, xd in zip(y_data, x_data):
    # labeling the y-axis
    annotations.append(dict(xref='paper', yref='y',
                            x=0.14, y=yd,
                            xanchor='right',
                            text=str(yd),
                            font=dict(family='Arial', size=14,
                                      color='rgb(67, 67, 67)'),
                            showarrow=False, align='right'))
    # 标记每个条的第一个百分比 (x_axis)
    annotations.append(dict(xref='x', yref='y',
                            x=xd[0] / 2, y=yd,
                            text=str(xd[0]) + '%',
                            font=dict(family='Arial', size=14,
                                      color='rgb(248, 248, 255)'),
                            showarrow=False))
    # 标记第一个Likert标尺（顶部）
    if yd == y_data[-1]:
        annotations.append(dict(xref='x', yref='paper',
                                x=xd[0] / 2, y=1.1,
                                text=top_labels[0],
                                font=dict(family='Arial', size=14,
                                          color='rgb(67, 67, 67)'),
                                showarrow=False))
    space = xd[0]
    for i in range(1, len(xd)):
            # 标记每个条的剩余百分比 (x_axis)
            annotations.append(dict(xref='x', yref='y',
                                    x=space + (xd[i]/2), y=yd,
                                    text=str(xd[i]) + '%',
                                    font=dict(family='Arial', size=14,
                                              color='rgb(248, 248, 255)'),
                                    showarrow=False))
            # labeling the Likert scale
            if yd == y_data[-1]:
                annotations.append(dict(xref='x', yref='paper',
                                        x=space + (xd[i]/2), y=1.1,
                                        text=top_labels[i],
                                        font=dict(family='Arial', size=14,
                                                  color='rgb(67, 67, 67)'),
                                        showarrow=False))
            space += xd[i]

fig.update_layout(annotations=annotations)

fig.show()

4.2.18 带直线图的条形图

import plotly.graph_objects as go
from plotly.subplots import make_subplots

import numpy as np

y_saving = [1.3586, 2.2623000000000002, 4.9821999999999997, 6.5096999999999996,
            7.4812000000000003, 7.5133000000000001, 15.2148, 17.520499999999998
            ]
y_net_worth = [93453.919999999998, 81666.570000000007, 69889.619999999995,
               78381.529999999999, 141395.29999999999, 92969.020000000004,
               66090.179999999993, 122379.3]
x = ['Japan', 'United Kingdom', 'Canada', 'Netherlands',
     'United States', 'Belgium', 'Sweden', 'Switzerland']


# 创建两个子图
fig = make_subplots(rows=1, cols=2, specs=[[{}, {}]], shared_xaxes=True,
                    shared_yaxes=False, vertical_spacing=0.001)

fig.append_trace(go.Bar(
    x=y_saving,
    y=x,
    marker=dict(
        color='rgba(50, 171, 96, 0.6)',
        line=dict(
            color='rgba(50, 171, 96, 1.0)',
            width=1),
    ),
    name='家庭储蓄占家庭可支配收入的百分比',
    orientation='h',
), 1, 1)

fig.append_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=y_net_worth, y=x,
    mode='lines+markers',
    line_color='rgb(128, 0, 128)',
    name='家庭净资产，百万美元/人均',
), 1, 2)

fig.update_layout(
    title='八个经合组织国家的家庭储蓄和净值',
    yaxis=dict(
        showgrid=False,
        showline=False,
        showticklabels=True,
        domain=[0, 0.85],
    ),
    yaxis2=dict(
        showgrid=False,
        showline=True,
        showticklabels=False,
        linecolor='rgba(102, 102, 102, 0.8)',
        linewidth=2,
        domain=[0, 0.85],
    ),
    xaxis=dict(
        zeroline=False,
        showline=False,
        showticklabels=True,
        showgrid=True,
        domain=[0, 0.42],
    ),
    xaxis2=dict(
        zeroline=False,
        showline=False,
        showticklabels=True,
        showgrid=True,
        domain=[0.47, 1],
        side='top',
        dtick=25000,
    ),
    legend=dict(x=0.029, y=1.038, font_size=10),
    margin=dict(l=100, r=20, t=70, b=70),
    paper_bgcolor='rgb(248, 248, 255)',
    plot_bgcolor='rgb(248, 248, 255)',
)

annotations = []

y_s = np.round(y_saving, decimals=2)
y_nw = np.rint(y_net_worth)

# Adding labels
for ydn, yd, xd in zip(y_nw, y_s, x):
    # labeling the scatter savings
    annotations.append(dict(xref='x2', yref='y2',
                            y=xd, x=ydn - 20000,
                            text='{:,}'.format(ydn) + 'M',
                            font=dict(family='Arial', size=12,
                                      color='rgb(128, 0, 128)'),
                            showarrow=False))
    # labeling the bar net worth
    annotations.append(dict(xref='x1', yref='y1',
                            y=xd, x=yd + 3,
                            text=str(yd) + '%',
                            font=dict(family='Arial', size=12,
                                      color='rgb(50, 171, 96)'),
                            showarrow=False))
# Source
annotations.append(dict(xref='paper', yref='paper',
                        x=-0.2, y=-0.109,
                        text='OECD "' +
                             '(2015), Household savings (indicator), ' +
                             'Household net worth (indicator). doi: ' +
                             '10.1787/cfc6f499-en (Accessed on 05 June 2015)',
                        font=dict(family='Arial', size=10, color='rgb(150,150,150)'),
                        showarrow=False))

fig.update_layout(annotations=annotations)

fig.show()

4.3 Dash中的条形图

import plotly.graph_objects as go # or plotly.express as px

import dash
from dash import html, dcc

fig = go.Figure() # or any Plotly Express function e.g. px.bar(...)
# fig.add_trace( ... )
# fig.update_layout( ... )
fig.add_trace(go.Bar(
    y=['giraffes', 'orangutans', 'monkeys'],
    x=[20, 14, 23],
    name='SF Zoo',
    orientation='h',
    marker=dict(
        color='rgba(246, 78, 139, 0.6)',
        line=dict(color='rgba(246, 78, 139, 1.0)', width=3)
    )
))
fig.add_trace(go.Bar(
    y=['giraffes', 'orangutans', 'monkeys'],
    x=[12, 18, 29],
    name='LA Zoo',
    orientation='h',
    marker=dict(
        color='rgba(58, 71, 80, 0.6)',
        line=dict(color='rgba(58, 71, 80, 1.0)', width=3)
    )
))

fig.update_layout(barmode='stack')

app = dash.Dash()
app.layout = html.Div([
    dcc.Graph(figure=fig)
])

app.run_server(debug=True, use_reloader=False, port=8053)  # Turn off reloader if inside Jupyter