背景
很多老哥看了上一篇的博文有点云里雾里，没关系，这些东西贵在坚持，不懂多查查，自然就懂了。毕竟也不是什么高深的数学推导。之前已经写了Zygote进程的系统启动。等待着新的应用程序，通过socket通知Zygote孵化进程。
接下来我的源码会从Android 9.0 （Android P）开始分析。由于上一篇的，native源码没有太大的变化，就从我最熟悉的Android 7.0讲起来。接下来来Android P的java层源码和Android 7.0的源码有些变化，为了跟上时代，还是选择解析Android P的源码。
正文
此时，第一个诞生的应用程序就是桌面应用。跟着我们上一篇文章的思路，看看Android系统究竟是怎么启动的Home界面。
上一篇从系统启动到Activity中，还记得，在Zygote中第一个孵化的进程SystemServer吗？上一篇总结了，SystemServer启动了AMS，WMS，PMS，InputManager等，主要的，辅助的服务。
从上一篇的源码的解析，似乎并没有启动Home的为止，由此可以推理出SystemServer在准备好AMS之后会启动Home界面。是不是这样，我们再来看看里面的代码。
SystemServer
接着上一篇来讲，从SystemServer的主函数开始。
文件：/frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java
public static void main(String[] args) {
new SystemServer().run();
}
public SystemServer() {
// Check for factory test mode.
mFactoryTestMode = FactoryTest.getMode();
// Remember if it's runtime restart(when sys.boot_completed is already set) or reboot
mRuntimeRestart = "1".equals(SystemProperties.get("sys.boot_completed"));
mRuntimeStartElapsedTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
mRuntimeStartUptime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
}
这个主函数做了初始化的设置，设置了是否从boot开机之后的标识位。
接着看看run方法：
private void run() {
try {
//1.记录好native上来的虚拟机参数
...
Looper.prepareMainLooper();
Looper.getMainLooper().setSlowLogThresholdMs(
SLOW_DISPATCH_THRESHOLD_MS, SLOW_DELIVERY_THRESHOLD_MS);
// Initialize native services.
//初始化的android_servers.so里面包含了大量的native的android的服务
System.loadLibrary("android_servers");
// Check whether we failed to shut down last time we tried.
// This call may not return.
performPendingShutdown();
// Initialize the system context.
createSystemContext();
// Create the system service manager.
mSystemServiceManager = new SystemServiceManager(mSystemContext);
mSystemServiceManager.setStartInfo(mRuntimeRestart,
mRuntimeStartElapsedTime, mRuntimeStartUptime);
LocalServices.addService(SystemServiceManager.class, mSystemServiceManager);
// Prepare the thread pool for init tasks that can be parallelized
SystemServerInitThreadPool.get();
} finally {
traceEnd(); // InitBeforeStartServices
}
// Start services.
try {
traceBeginAndSlog("StartServices");
startBootstrapServices();
startCoreServices();
startOtherServices();
SystemServerInitThreadPool.shutdown();
} catch (Throwable ex) {
Slog.e("System", "******************************************");
Slog.e("System", "************ Failure starting system services", ex);
throw ex;
} finally {
traceEnd();
}
StrictMode.initVmDefaults(null);
...
// Loop forever.
Looper.loop();
throw new RuntimeException("Main thread loop unexpectedly exited");
}
这里可以初略分为4个步骤：
- 1.记录从zygote过来的虚拟机等runtime参数。初始化android_server的so库，android_server初始化了重要的系统服务的native层
- 2.为SystemServer设置Looper，并进入到loop的循环。等待其他应用的调用
-
- 初始化SystemServer 的context以及初始化SystemServiceManager
- 4.启动各大主要的系统服务。
直接从第三步开始
初始化SystemServer以及SystemServiceManager
看看SystemServer创建整个进程的上下文：
private void createSystemContext() {
ActivityThread activityThread = ActivityThread.systemMain();
mSystemContext = activityThread.getSystemContext();
mSystemContext.setTheme(DEFAULT_SYSTEM_THEME);
final Context systemUiContext = activityThread.getSystemUiContext();
systemUiContext.setTheme(DEFAULT_SYSTEM_THEME);
}
在这里可以知道会通过ActivityThread这个类，
- 1.调用了systemMain方法初始化ActivityThread
-
- 为系统设置默认主题
初始化SystemServicemanager
mSystemServiceManager = new SystemServiceManager(mSystemContext);
mSystemServiceManager.setStartInfo(mRuntimeRestart,
mRuntimeStartElapsedTime, mRuntimeStartUptime);
LocalServices.addService(SystemServiceManager.class, mSystemServiceManager);
SystemServiceManager作为所有Android服务的启动者和控制者，启动并且加入到LocalServices中。
LocalServices的作用，实际上和SystemServiceManager的作用很相似。LocalService的内部有一个ArrayMap，直接保存着对应服务的实例。
而SystemServiceManager往往是直接通过反射，直接调用带有Context参数的构造函数。
启动各大服务
在这一步骤，才是SystemServer核心需要去做的。
try {
traceBeginAndSlog("StartServices");
startBootstrapServices();
startCoreServices();
startOtherServices();
SystemServerInitThreadPool.shutdown();
} catch (Throwable ex) {
Slog.e("System", "******************************************");
Slog.e("System", "************ Failure starting system services", ex);
throw ex;
} finally {
traceEnd();
}
在这里面分为三步：
第一步，启动Android启动后立即需要的服务
第二步，启动核心服务
第三步，启动其他服务
private void startBootstrapServices() {
...
Installer installer = mSystemServiceManager.startService(Installer.class);
mSystemServiceManager.startService(DeviceIdentifiersPolicyService.class);
mActivityManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(
ActivityManagerService.Lifecycle.class).getService();
mActivityManagerService.setSystemServiceManager(mSystemServiceManager);
mActivityManagerService.setInstaller(installer);
mPowerManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(PowerManagerService.class);
mActivityManagerService.initPowerManagement();
mSystemServiceManager.startService(RecoverySystemService.class);
mSystemServiceManager.startService(LightsService.class);
if (SystemProperties.getBoolean("config.enable_sidekick_graphics", false)) {
mSystemServiceManager.startService(WEAR_SIDEKICK_SERVICE_CLASS);
}
mDisplayManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(DisplayManagerService.class);
mSystemServiceManager.startBootPhase(SystemService.PHASE_WAIT_FOR_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
traceEnd();
mPackageManagerService = PackageManagerService.main(mSystemContext, installer,
mFactoryTestMode != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_OFF, mOnlyCore);
mFirstBoot = mPackageManagerService.isFirstBoot();
mPackageManager = mSystemContext.getPackageManager();
if (!mRuntimeRestart && !isFirstBootOrUpgrade()) {
if (!mOnlyCore) {
boolean disableOtaDexopt = SystemProperties.getBoolean("config.disable_otadexopt",
false);
if (!disableOtaDexopt) {
traceBeginAndSlog("StartOtaDexOptService");
try {
OtaDexoptService.main(mSystemContext, mPackageManagerService);
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf("starting OtaDexOptService", e);
} finally {
traceEnd();
}
}
}
mSystemServiceManager.startService(UserManagerService.LifeCycle.class);
AttributeCache.init(mSystemContext);
mActivityManagerService.setSystemProcess();
mDisplayManagerService.setupSchedulerPolicies();
mSystemServiceManager.startService(new OverlayManagerService(mSystemContext, installer));
mSensorServiceStart = SystemServerInitThreadPool.get().submit(() -> {
TimingsTraceLog traceLog = new TimingsTraceLog(
SYSTEM_SERVER_TIMING_ASYNC_TAG, Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);
traceLog.traceBegin(START_SENSOR_SERVICE);
startSensorService();
}, START_SENSOR_SERVICE);
}
从此处可以清楚，我们Android系统立即需要的服务有如下几个：
-
1.Installer 在SystemServer端，等待installd的服务通过Binder连接进来。解释这个installd会通过installd.rc读取脚本，生成一个installd的进程。该进程的作用是用来安装软件用的。
-
- DeviceIdentifiersPolicyService 该服务是为了验证设备身份用。
-
3.ActivityManagerService 这就是我们最为熟悉的AMS，贯穿整个APP应用的服务，可以说熟悉的不能再熟悉了。负责的主要功能是管理，启动应用的Activity。同时把install这个服务装载进去。
-
- PowerManagerService 这是负责，协助管理电源的服务
-
- RecoverySystemService 这是负责系统恢复的服务。可以通过socket向底层uncrypt解密进程通信，并且读取/data/cache下的系统升级包，最后系统通过/recovery分区进入到重置模式，开始安装或者重置Android系统。
-
- LightsService 控制手机的灯的设备。
-
- DisplayManagerService 这是从4.2开始作为手机管理显示的服务。
-
- PackageManagerService 这也是个很重要的类，在我分析插件话框架的时候，有着极其重要地位。主要管理这个app应用的package的信息。
-
- UserManagerService 也是很重要的类。早期的时候Android是一个单用户系统，而此时Android成为了多用户系统，而多用户就是通过这个类去管理
-
10.SensorService 传感器的初始化。
以上为Android系统启动时候，需要立即启动的服务。
启动核心服务
private void startCoreServices() {
mSystemServiceManager.startService(BatteryService.class);
mSystemServiceManager.startService(UsageStatsService.class);
mActivityManagerService.setUsageStatsManager(
LocalServices.getService(UsageStatsManagerInternal.class));
// Tracks whether the updatable WebView is in a ready state and watches for update installs.
if (mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WEBVIEW)) {
traceBeginAndSlog("StartWebViewUpdateService");
mWebViewUpdateService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(WebViewUpdateService.class);
traceEnd();
}
BinderCallsStatsService.start();
}
被Android当成核心服务有一下三个：
-
- BatteryService 监控电池，电量信息的服务
-
- UsageStatsService 监控应用服务，常用的应用如检测应用使用时间等。
- 3.如果打开了webview标识位，则启动webview的更新服务
启动辅助服务
private void startOtherServices() {
try {
//启动系统各种核心服务
...
//等待到ActivityManagerService启动完成之后，进步处理各个服务
mActivityManagerService.systemReady(() -> {
Slog.i(TAG, "Making services ready");
traceBeginAndSlog("StartActivityManagerReadyPhase");
mSystemServiceManager.startBootPhase(
SystemService.PHASE_ACTIVITY_MANAGER_READY);
traceEnd();
traceBeginAndSlog("StartObservingNativeCrashes");
try {
mActivityManagerService.startObservingNativeCrashes();
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf("observing native crashes", e);
}
traceEnd();
// No dependency on Webview preparation in system server. But this should
// be completed before allowing 3rd party
final String WEBVIEW_PREPARATION = "WebViewFactoryPreparation";
Future<?> webviewPrep = null;
if (!mOnlyCore && mWebViewUpdateService != null) {
webviewPrep = SystemServerInitThreadPool.get().submit(() -> {
Slog.i(TAG, WEBVIEW_PREPARATION);
TimingsTraceLog traceLog = new TimingsTraceLog(
SYSTEM_SERVER_TIMING_ASYNC_TAG, Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);
traceLog.traceBegin(WEBVIEW_PREPARATION);
ConcurrentUtils.waitForFutureNoInterrupt(mZygotePreload, "Zygote preload");
mZygotePreload = null;
mWebViewUpdateService.prepareWebViewInSystemServer();
traceLog.traceEnd();
}, WEBVIEW_PREPARATION);
}
if (mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_AUTOMOTIVE)) {
traceBeginAndSlog("StartCarServiceHelperService");
mSystemServiceManager.startService(CAR_SERVICE_HELPER_SERVICE_CLASS);
traceEnd();
}
traceBeginAndSlog("StartSystemUI");
try {
startSystemUi(context, windowManagerF);
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf("starting System UI", e);
}
traceEnd();
traceBeginAndSlog("MakeNetworkManagementServiceReady");
try {
if (networkManagementF != null) networkManagementF.systemReady();
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf("making Network Managment Service ready", e);
}
CountDownLatch networkPolicyInitReadySignal = null;
if (networkPolicyF != null) {
networkPolicyInitReadySignal = networkPolicyF
.networkScoreAndNetworkManagementServiceReady();
}
traceEnd();
traceBeginAndSlog("MakeIpSecServiceReady");
try {
if (ipSecServiceF != null) ipSecServiceF.systemReady();
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf("making IpSec Service ready", e);
}
traceEnd();
traceBeginAndSlog("MakeNetworkStatsServiceReady");
try {
if (networkStatsF != null) networkStatsF.systemReady();
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf("making Network Stats Service ready", e);
}
traceEnd();
traceBeginAndSlog("MakeConnectivityServiceReady");
try {
if (connectivityF != null) connectivityF.systemReady();
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf("making Connectivity Service ready", e);
}
traceEnd();
traceBeginAndSlog("MakeNetworkPolicyServiceReady");
try {
if (networkPolicyF != null) {
networkPolicyF.systemReady(networkPolicyInitReadySignal);
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
reportWtf("making Network Policy Service ready", e);
}
traceEnd();
traceBeginAndSlog("StartWatchdog");
Watchdog.getInstance().start();
traceEnd();
...
}, BOOT_TIMINGS_TRACE_LOG);
}
而这个时候初始化许许多多的服务，如inputManager，network等等。剩下系统的调用的服务都将会在这里实现。
ActivityManagerService.systemReady
接着在AMS的systemReady的回调中，初始化需要初始化的服务。而这个systemReady来回变动不少，在7.0版本的时候只有三行，现在把部分重要的功能放到systemReady中完成。
public void systemReady(final Runnable goingCallback, TimingsTraceLog traceLog) {
synchronized (this) {
// Only start up encryption-aware persistent apps; once user is
// unlocked we'll come back around and start unaware apps
startPersistentApps(PackageManager.MATCH_DIRECT_BOOT_AWARE);
// Start up initial activity.
mBooting = true;
// Enable home activity for system user, so that the system can always boot. We don't
// do this when the system user is not setup since the setup wizard should be the one
// to handle home activity in this case.
if (UserManager.isSplitSystemUser() &&
Settings.Secure.getInt(mContext.getContentResolver(),
Settings.Secure.USER_SETUP_COMPLETE, 0) != 0) {
ComponentName cName = new ComponentName(mContext, SystemUserHomeActivity.class);
try {
AppGlobals.getPackageManager().setComponentEnabledSetting(cName,
PackageManager.COMPONENT_ENABLED_STATE_ENABLED, 0,
UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw e.rethrowAsRuntimeException();
}
}
startHomeActivityLocked(currentUserId, "systemReady");
}
...
}
systemReady这个方法为当前的进程配置到AMS进程列表中，初始化了PMS，为后续启动Home界面读取Launcher目录下的界面App做准备，最后获取UserController获取当前用户id，使用startHomeActivityLocked开始创建Home界面。
ActivityManagerService.startHomeActivityLocked
boolean startHomeActivityLocked(int userId, String reason) {
...
if (mFactoryTest == FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL
&& mTopAction == null) {
// We are running in factory test mode, but unable to find
// the factory test app, so just sit around displaying the
// error message and don't try to start anything.
return false;
}
Intent intent = getHomeIntent();
ActivityInfo aInfo = resolveActivityInfo(intent, STOCK_PM_FLAGS, userId);
if (aInfo != null) {
intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(aInfo.applicationInfo.packageName, aInfo.name));
// Don't do this if the home app is currently being
// instrumented.
aInfo = new ActivityInfo(aInfo);
aInfo.applicationInfo = getAppInfoForUser(aInfo.applicationInfo, userId);
ProcessRecord app = getProcessRecordLocked(aInfo.processName,
aInfo.applicationInfo.uid, true);
if (app == null || app.instr == null) {
intent.setFlags(intent.getFlags() | FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
final int resolvedUserId = UserHandle.getUserId(aInfo.applicationInfo.uid);
// For ANR debugging to verify if the user activity is the one that actually
// launched.
final String myReason = reason + ":" + userId + ":" + resolvedUserId;
mActivityStartController.startHomeActivity(intent, aInfo, myReason);
}
} else {
Slog.wtf(TAG, "No home screen found for " + intent, new Throwable());
}
return true;
}
从这里可以清晰的知道主要做的事情有两个：
- 1.第一步，通过getHomeIntent通过PackageManagerService获取设置为界面的包。并且获取对应的ActivityInfo。
Intent getHomeIntent() {
Intent intent = new Intent(mTopAction, mTopData != null ? Uri.parse(mTopData) : null);
intent.setComponent(mTopComponent);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_TRIAGED_MISSING);
if (mFactoryTest != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL) {
intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
}
return intent;
}
HomeIntent原理解释添加一个Intent.CATEGORY_HOME的标识位，通过PMS去寻找，添加android.intent.category.HOME的AndroidManifest.xml的包。
<category android:name="android.intent.category.HOME" />
- 2.第二步，通过分配ProcessRecord并且通过ActivityStartController启动Home界面。
这个新的类，从android 9.0开始将ActivityStack的职责拆开一部分交给ActivityStartController。这个之后，我将整个Android 9.0的Activity启动重新讲解一遍，在ActivityThread取消了核心消息中心mH（一个Handler），把每个生命周期交给一个状态机去完成。这个之后再说专门开一篇文章说一说。
ActivityStartController 的startHomeActivity
void startHomeActivity(Intent intent, ActivityInfo aInfo, String reason) {
mSupervisor.moveHomeStackTaskToTop(reason);
mLastHomeActivityStartResult = obtainStarter(intent, "startHomeActivity: " + reason)
.setOutActivity(tmpOutRecord)
.setCallingUid(0)
.setActivityInfo(aInfo)
.execute();
mLastHomeActivityStartRecord = tmpOutRecord[0];
if (mSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity) {
// If we are in resume section already, home activity will be initialized, but not
// resumed (to avoid recursive resume) and will stay that way until something pokes it
// again. We need to schedule another resume.
mSupervisor.scheduleResumeTopActivities();
}
关键方法为两个moveHomeStackTaskToTop 以及scheduleResumeTopActivities
1. moveHomeStackTaskToTop
void moveHomeStackTaskToTop() {
if (!isActivityTypeHome()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Calling moveHomeStackTaskToTop() on non-home stack: "
+ this);
}
final int top = mTaskHistory.size() - 1;
if (top >= 0) {
final TaskRecord task = mTaskHistory.get(top);
if (DEBUG_TASKS || DEBUG_STACK) Slog.d(TAG_STACK,
"moveHomeStackTaskToTop: moving " + task);
mTaskHistory.remove(top);
mTaskHistory.add(top, task);
updateTaskMovement(task, true);
}
}
这里是先从TaskHistory这个任务栈中，如果此时Activity栈有Activity的存在，则把Home的Activity更新到顶部。
2.scheduleResumeTopActivities
final void scheduleResumeTopActivities() {
if (!mHandler.hasMessages(RESUME_TOP_ACTIVITY_MSG)) {
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(RESUME_TOP_ACTIVITY_MSG);
}
}
此时由AMS内部的Handler
private final class ActivityStackSupervisorHandler extends Handler
这个Handler就是在SystemServer生成的looper传进来。其中RESUME_TOP_ACTIVITY_MSG的分支将会调用resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked。
boolean resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked(
ActivityStack targetStack, ActivityRecord target, ActivityOptions targetOptions) {
if (!readyToResume()) {
return false;
}
if (targetStack != null && isFocusedStack(targetStack)) {
return targetStack.resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(target, targetOptions);
}
final ActivityRecord r = mFocusedStack.topRunningActivityLocked();
if (r == null || !r.isState(RESUMED)) {
mFocusedStack.resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(null, null);
} else if (r.isState(RESUMED)) {
// Kick off any lingering app transitions form the MoveTaskToFront operation.
mFocusedStack.executeAppTransition(targetOptions);
}
return false;
}
此时将会判断到，当前栈对应的ActivityRecord是否存在。此时是第一次打开的所以此时ActivityRecord还没有生成，将会走resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked。
private boolean resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(ActivityRecord prev, ActivityOptions options) {
...
if (prev != null && prev != next) {
...
} else {
// Whoops, need to restart this activity!
if (!next.hasBeenLaunched) {
next.hasBeenLaunched = true;
} else {
if (SHOW_APP_STARTING_PREVIEW) {
next.showStartingWindow(null /* prev */, false /* newTask */,
false /* taskSwich */);
}
if (DEBUG_SWITCH) Slog.v(TAG_SWITCH, "Restarting: " + next);
}
if (DEBUG_STATES) Slog.d(TAG_STATES, "resumeTopActivityLocked: Restarting " + next);
mStackSupervisor.startSpecificActivityLocked(next, true, true);
}
if (DEBUG_STACK) mStackSupervisor.validateTopActivitiesLocked();
return true;
}
由于此时必定不存在Activity，此时必定通过ActivityStackSupervisor启动startSpecificActivityLocked。
此时通过startSpecificActivityLocked去启动Activity。接着如果是Android7.0的话，我之前的文章就解析过了。之后将会有一篇解析Android P Activity的启动。
Launcher
这么，假设开始进入Google默认的Launcher3里面。那么我们又是怎么点击App应用，以及点击App应用图标进入到我们的应用中呢？
让我们看看Launcher界面中的onCreate中setupViews方法,这里我们只关注App Icon的容器,不去管拖拽，删除等逻辑，只管App信息是如何装载的
接下来，这个Home读取App数据的方式有点复杂，但是里面的很多东西值得借鉴，如果有兴趣的读者，可以去看看。
这里只说出其中的原理，以及几个关键职责的类。
-
- LauncherModel管理Launcher界面的中的数据，统合管理App，AppWidget等的读取
-
- AllAppList 存放AppInfo的对象
-
- LoaderResults 这是读取数据之后的结果对象
- 4.LoaderTask 真正异步加载App信息的类
- 5.AllAppsContainerView App图标的容器
先来看看Launcher几处关键加载数据以及初始化的view的位置：
文件：/packages/apps/Launcher3/src/com/android/launcher3/Launcher.java
onCreate
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
...
LauncherAppState app = LauncherAppState.getInstance(this);
mOldConfig = new Configuration(getResources().getConfiguration());
mModel = app.setLauncher(this);
mAllAppsController = new AllAppsTransitionController(this);
mStateManager = new LauncherStateManager(this);
UiFactory.onCreate(this);
mLauncherView = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.launcher, null);
...
setupViews();
...
mAppTransitionManager = LauncherAppTransitionManager.newInstance(this);
...
if (!mModel.startLoader(currentScreen)) {
if (!internalStateHandled) {
// If we are not binding synchronously, show a fade in animation when
// the first page bind completes.
mDragLayer.getAlphaProperty(ALPHA_INDEX_LAUNCHER_LOAD).setValue(0);
}
} else {
// Pages bound synchronously.
mWorkspace.setCurrentPage(currentScreen);
setWorkspaceLoading(true);
}
// For handling default keys
setDefaultKeyMode(DEFAULT_KEYS_SEARCH_LOCAL);
setContentView(mLauncherView);
getRootView().dispatchInsets();
...
}
剩下的都是我们需要关注的核心方法。我们就以onCreate的方法，为主核心，开始分析google的Home界面的原理。
初始化大致分为三步：
- 1.初始化LauncherModel
- 2.初始化AllAppContainer
-
- 调用startLoader开始加载
我们先看看LauncherAppState 的 setLauncher方法
文件：
/packages/apps/Launcher3/src/com/android/launcher3/LauncherAppState.java
LauncherModel setLauncher(Launcher launcher) {
getLocalProvider(mContext).setLauncherProviderChangeListener(launcher);
mModel.initialize(launcher);
return mModel;
}
此时Launcher 初始化整个界面的核心Model，Laucher是通过init方法初始化。初始化好AllAppList。
#####2.初始化app icon的view容器
private void setupViews() {
...
// Setup Apps
mAppsView = findViewById(R.id.apps_view);
// Setup the drag controller (drop targets have to be added in reverse order in priority)
mDragController.setMoveTarget(mWorkspace);
mDropTargetBar.setup(mDragController);
mAllAppsController.setupViews(mAppsView);
}
准备好基础数据容器，接下来就是初始化view。
mAppsView就是我们的App icon装载的容器view，通过AllAppsTransitionController这个类去控制。
####LauncherModel. startLoader
public boolean startLoader(int synchronousBindPage) {
// Enable queue before starting loader. It will get disabled in Launcher#finishBindingItems
InstallShortcutReceiver.enableInstallQueue(InstallShortcutReceiver.FLAG_LOADER_RUNNING);
synchronized (mLock) {
// Don't bother to start the thread if we know it's not going to do anything
if (mCallbacks != null && mCallbacks.get() != null) {
...
} else {
startLoaderForResults(loaderResults);
}
}
}
return false;
}
public void startLoaderForResults(LoaderResults results) {
synchronized (mLock) {
stopLoader();
mLoaderTask = new LoaderTask(mApp, mBgAllAppsList, sBgDataModel, results);
runOnWorkerThread(mLoaderTask);
}
}
因为此时还没有加载过Home此时会调用下方的方法，启动LoadTask的方法，开启线程，加载app的数据。
LoadTask
文件：
/packages/apps/Launcher3/src/com/android/launcher3/model/LoaderTask.java
直接看看LoadTask中的run方法。
public void run() {
synchronized (this) {
// Skip fast if we are already stopped.
if (mStopped) {
return;
}
}
...
try (LauncherModel.LoaderTransaction transaction = mApp.getModel().beginLoader(this)) {
...
loadAllApps();
mResults.bindAllApps();
...
} catch (CancellationException e) {
// Loader stopped, ignore
TraceHelper.partitionSection(TAG, "Cancelled");
}
}
这里，我们只关注读取App信息的方法。
private void loadAllApps() {
final List<UserHandle> profiles = mUserManager.getUserProfiles();
// Clear the list of apps
mBgAllAppsList.clear();
for (UserHandle user : profiles) {
// Query for the set of apps
final List<LauncherActivityInfo> apps = mLauncherApps.getActivityList(null, user);
// Fail if we don't have any apps
// TODO: Fix this. Only fail for the current user.
if (apps == null || apps.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
boolean quietMode = mUserManager.isQuietModeEnabled(user);
// Create the ApplicationInfos
for (int i = 0; i < apps.size(); i++) {
LauncherActivityInfo app = apps.get(i);
// This builds the icon bitmaps.
mBgAllAppsList.add(new AppInfo(app, user, quietMode), app);
}
}
if (FeatureFlags.LAUNCHER3_PROMISE_APPS_IN_ALL_APPS) {
// get all active sessions and add them to the all apps list
for (PackageInstaller.SessionInfo info :
mPackageInstaller.getAllVerifiedSessions()) {
mBgAllAppsList.addPromiseApp(mApp.getContext(),
PackageInstallerCompat.PackageInstallInfo.fromInstallingState(info));
}
}
mBgAllAppsList.added = new ArrayList<>();
}
mBgAllAppsList实际上就是我上面提到的AllAppList对象，通过mLauncherApps（这是通过Context.LAUNCHER_SERVICE）读取到的App相关的数据，存储到这个对象中。
此时已经准备好了列表数据了。
AllAppContainer
已经准备好了数据，通过LoadResult的bindApp方法回调到上层，刷新AllAppContainer的数据。
文件：
/packages/apps/Launcher3/src/com/android/launcher3/allapps/AllAppsContainerView.java
我们看看AllAppContainer的构造函数：
public AllAppsContainerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
...
mAH = new AdapterHolder[2];
mAH[AdapterHolder.MAIN] = new AdapterHolder(false /* isWork */);
mAH[AdapterHolder.WORK] = new AdapterHolder(true /* isWork */);
mAllAppsStore.addUpdateListener(this::onAppsUpdated);
...
}
在这个容器中AdapterHolder这个对象十分重要，这可以看作就是我们常见的，用来展示的App icon的页面。
还记得上面的bindApp函数吗。通过这个方法将会回到Launcher上通过bindApplication，把数据绑定到AllAppContainer的AppStore中。一旦更新了就在这个AppStore中唤醒了onAppsUpdated方法。
private void onAppsUpdated() {
if (FeatureFlags.ALL_APPS_TABS_ENABLED) {
boolean hasWorkApps = false;
for (AppInfo app : mAllAppsStore.getApps()) {
if (mWorkMatcher.matches(app, null)) {
hasWorkApps = true;
break;
}
}
rebindAdapters(hasWorkApps);
}
此时，就像我们正常的函数一样，将数据绑定到AdapterHolder中的RecyclerView。
private void rebindAdapters(boolean showTabs, boolean force) {
if (showTabs == mUsingTabs && !force) {
return;
}
replaceRVContainer(showTabs);
mUsingTabs = showTabs;
mAllAppsStore.unregisterIconContainer(mAH[AdapterHolder.MAIN].recyclerView);
mAllAppsStore.unregisterIconContainer(mAH[AdapterHolder.WORK].recyclerView);
if (mUsingTabs) {
mAH[AdapterHolder.MAIN].setup(mViewPager.getChildAt(0), mPersonalMatcher);
mAH[AdapterHolder.WORK].setup(mViewPager.getChildAt(1), mWorkMatcher);
onTabChanged(mViewPager.getNextPage());
} else {
mAH[AdapterHolder.MAIN].setup(findViewById(R.id.apps_list_view), null);
mAH[AdapterHolder.WORK].recyclerView = null;
}
setupHeader();
mAllAppsStore.registerIconContainer(mAH[AdapterHolder.MAIN].recyclerView);
mAllAppsStore.registerIconContainer(mAH[AdapterHolder.WORK].recyclerView);
}
此时我们再看看AdapterHolder.setup的方法。
void setup(@NonNull View rv, @Nullable ItemInfoMatcher matcher) {
appsList.updateItemFilter(matcher);
recyclerView = (AllAppsRecyclerView) rv;
recyclerView.setEdgeEffectFactory(createEdgeEffectFactory());
recyclerView.setApps(appsList, mUsingTabs);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
recyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
// No animations will occur when changes occur to the items in this RecyclerView.
recyclerView.setItemAnimator(null);
FocusedItemDecorator focusedItemDecorator = new FocusedItemDecorator(recyclerView);
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(focusedItemDecorator);
adapter.setIconFocusListener(focusedItemDecorator.getFocusListener());
applyVerticalFadingEdgeEnabled(verticalFadingEdge);
applyPadding();
}
到这里，所以做过Android的读者都立即明白接下来的源码将从哪里入手。
我们直接看这个adapter适配器中的点击事件究竟是怎么做的。
AllAppsGridAdapter
文件：
/packages/apps/Launcher3/src/com/android/launcher3/allapps/AllAppsGridAdapter.java
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
switch (viewType) {
case VIEW_TYPE_ICON:
BubbleTextView icon = (BubbleTextView) mLayoutInflater.inflate(
R.layout.all_apps_icon, parent, false);
icon.setOnClickListener(ItemClickHandler.INSTANCE);
icon.setOnLongClickListener(ItemLongClickListener.INSTANCE_ALL_APPS);
icon.setLongPressTimeout(ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout());
icon.setOnFocusChangeListener(mIconFocusListener);
// Ensure the all apps icon height matches the workspace icons in portrait mode.
icon.getLayoutParams().height = mLauncher.getDeviceProfile().allAppsCellHeightPx;
return new ViewHolder(icon);
...
}
这里ItemClickHandler.INSTANCE就是核心：
public static final OnClickListener INSTANCE = ItemClickHandler::onClick;
private static void onClick(View v) {
// Make sure that rogue clicks don't get through while allapps is launching, or after the
// view has detached (it's possible for this to happen if the view is removed mid touch).
if (v.getWindowToken() == null) {
return;
}
Launcher launcher = Launcher.getLauncher(v.getContext());
if (!launcher.getWorkspace().isFinishedSwitchingState()) {
return;
}
Object tag = v.getTag();
if (tag instanceof ShortcutInfo) {
onClickAppShortcut(v, (ShortcutInfo) tag, launcher);
} else if (tag instanceof FolderInfo) {
if (v instanceof FolderIcon) {
onClickFolderIcon(v);
}
} else if (tag instanceof AppInfo) {
startAppShortcutOrInfoActivity(v, (AppInfo) tag, launcher);
} else if (tag instanceof LauncherAppWidgetInfo) {
if (v instanceof PendingAppWidgetHostView) {
onClickPendingWidget((PendingAppWidgetHostView) v, launcher);
}
}
}
这里就是处理各种点击事件的核心方法。而我们的tag必定是AppInfo，我们看看这个方法，
private static void startAppShortcutOrInfoActivity(View v, ItemInfo item, Launcher launcher) {
...
launcher.startActivitySafely(v, intent, item);
}
从这里何以得知将会回调上Launcher的startActivitySafely方法。最后调用startActivitySafely。
public boolean startActivitySafely(View v, Intent intent, ItemInfo item) {
if (mIsSafeModeEnabled && !Utilities.isSystemApp(this, intent)) {
Toast.makeText(this, R.string.safemode_shortcut_error, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return false;
}
// Only launch using the new animation if the shortcut has not opted out (this is a
// private contract between launcher and may be ignored in the future).
boolean useLaunchAnimation = (v != null) &&
!intent.hasExtra(INTENT_EXTRA_IGNORE_LAUNCH_ANIMATION);
Bundle optsBundle = useLaunchAnimation
? getActivityLaunchOptionsAsBundle(v)
: null;
UserHandle user = item == null ? null : item.user;
// Prepare intent
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
if (v != null) {
intent.setSourceBounds(getViewBounds(v));
}
try {
boolean isShortcut = Utilities.ATLEAST_MARSHMALLOW
&& (item instanceof ShortcutInfo)
&& (item.itemType == Favorites.ITEM_TYPE_SHORTCUT
|| item.itemType == Favorites.ITEM_TYPE_DEEP_SHORTCUT)
&& !((ShortcutInfo) item).isPromise();
if (isShortcut) {
// Shortcuts need some special checks due to legacy reasons.
startShortcutIntentSafely(intent, optsBundle, item);
} else if (user == null || user.equals(Process.myUserHandle())) {
// Could be launching some bookkeeping activity
startActivity(intent, optsBundle);
} else {
LauncherAppsCompat.getInstance(this).startActivityForProfile(
intent.getComponent(), user, intent.getSourceBounds(), optsBundle);
}
getUserEventDispatcher().logAppLaunch(v, intent);
return true;
} catch (ActivityNotFoundException|SecurityException e) {
Toast.makeText(this, R.string.activity_not_found, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to launch. tag=" + item + " intent=" + intent, e);
}
return false;
}
关注到核心点，此时将会调用startActivity(intent, optsBundle);启动Activity。
此时问题来了，说好的检测AndroidManifest.xml呢？不是说好的调用这个方法必定回检测一次，不然会报异常吗？
记住此时是通过包名+category为MAIN的隐式调用，同时PMS将会在LauncherActivityInfo中做了进一步的解析。所以没有在插件化框架分析时候的苦恼了。
总结
老规矩，画两张张时序图总结一下。
完整的图，可以等到，之后我写Android P的Activity启动流程看，也可以参照我在插件化框架一文。
下面是Home app按钮点击的时序图
Google写的Home的界面还有挺多有趣的没有解析，但是这里我只关注App图标如何点击进来的。最后会通过startActivitySafely进来。
本文总结了SystemServer启动的核心服务，这些服务对于android来说重要，而且从startBootStrapServices中启动的服务里面的源码，也是作为常考的面试题。可以说是重中之重。之后有机会去阅读源码，会慢慢的全部解析一边。
然而这个系列主要是为了我个人的复习和巩固的，也是面向基础，个人作为巩固基础的系列，估计只会挑出PMS和AMS两者来解析。
下一篇，我将会解析Binder这个贯穿整个Android系统的驱动。只有真正的懂了它，才敢说对Android系统窥见了冰山一角。才会继续解析Activity的启动流程。
本文地址：https://www.jianshu.com/p/a59068928590 这个是本人的简书地址如果出错欢迎来到下面指出。
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