Pytorch数据读取接口-torch.utils.data.DataLoader

该接口是pytorch中数据读取的接口，定义在dataloader.py的脚本中，只要使用pytorch来训练模型都会使用到这个接口。
DataLoader接口主要用来将自定义的数据读取接口的输入或者Pytorch已有的数据读取接口的输入按照batch size封装成Tensor,后续再包装为Varaiable.

1. DataLoader类

class DataLoader(object):
"""
    Data loader. Combines a dataset and a sampler, and provides
    single- or multi-process iterators over the dataset.

    Arguments:
        dataset (Dataset): dataset from which to load the data.
        batch_size (int, optional): how many samples per batch to load
            (default: 1).
        shuffle (bool, optional): set to ``True`` to have the data reshuffled
            at every epoch (default: False).
        sampler (Sampler, optional): defines the strategy to draw samples from
            the dataset. If specified, ``shuffle`` must be False.
        batch_sampler (Sampler, optional): like sampler, but returns a batch of
            indices at a time. Mutually exclusive with batch_size, shuffle,
            sampler, and drop_last.
        num_workers (int, optional): how many subprocesses to use for data
            loading. 0 means that the data will be loaded in the main process.
            (default: 0)
        collate_fn (callable, optional): merges a list of samples to form a mini-batch.
        pin_memory (bool, optional): If ``True``, the data loader will copy tensors
            into CUDA pinned memory before returning them.
        drop_last (bool, optional): set to ``True`` to drop the last incomplete batch,
            if the dataset size is not divisible by the batch size. If ``False`` and
            the size of dataset is not divisible by the batch size, then the last batch
            will be smaller. (default: False)
        timeout (numeric, optional): if positive, the timeout value for collecting a batch
            from workers. Should always be non-negative. (default: 0)
        worker_init_fn (callable, optional): If not None, this will be called on each
            worker subprocess with the worker id as input, after seeding and before data
            loading. (default: None)
"""
	#RandomSampler类表示随机采样且不重复，所以起到的就是shuffle的作用。BatchSampler类则是把batch size个RandomSampler类对象封装成一个，这样就实现了随机选取一个batch的目的。
    def __init__(self, dataset, batch_size=1, shuffle=False, sampler=None, batch_sampler=None,num_workers=0, collate_fn=default_collate, pin_memory=False, drop_last=False,timeout=0, worker_init_fn=None):
        #dataset是PyTorch已有的数据读取接口（比如torchvision.datasets.ImageFolder）或者自定义的数据接口的输出，该输出要么是torch.ut