Arduino ST7789 240*240 1.3寸 TFT —— 新屏点亮篇

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-03 12:08:40 发布

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本文详述如何使用Arduino驱动240x240分辨率的ST7789屏幕，包括安装Adafruit GFX和Arduino ST7789库，设置接线，以及运行示例代码进行显示测试。接线图和初始化代码示例帮助理解操作步骤。

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今天新到了一款新屏幕：ST7789 分辨率240*240，1.3寸，迫不及待的点亮它……
本文将介绍如何准备需要的库，及如何将屏幕接线到Arduino

一、必备库准备

1. Adafruit-GFX-Library

安装方式：在Arduino "库管理器"中搜索“Adafruit GFX Library”，选择最新版本，点击安装进行安装。此库的GitHub地址为：https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library
该类库为所有彩色屏幕的基础类库，和U8G/U8G2/U8X8单色屏类库有些差别。对于因众所周知的原因，打开外网不顺利的朋友，可以点击此处下载PDF类库说明手册：
点击下载官方类库参考手册
安装 GFX 库

2. Arduino-ST7789-Library

此库暂时无法通过库管理器安装，可以到GitHub下载包，放到Arduino的库文件目录，重新打开Arduino就会自动加载了。
此库的GitHub地址是：https://github.com/ananevilya/Arduino-ST7789-Library
a. 网页打开地址，下载ZIP包

b. 将压缩包放到Arduino库目录内。查看库目录的方式为：文件>首选项，设置里面的“项目文件夹位置”地址，后加“libraries”。例如我的库文件全路径为：D:\PracticeCode\Arduino\doc\libraries
项目文件夹地址
c. 将刚才下载的zip包解压缩后，拷贝到libraries目录内
ST7789库文件
d. 重新打开Arduino，即可在文件>示例列表内找到“Arduino ST7789 Library”

e. 打开 graphicstest 示例代码

二、将屏幕接线到Arduino UNO开发板

屏幕正面
屏幕背面

显示很细腻（请忽略指纹）
引脚接线图：

屏幕引脚	Arduino引脚
GND	GND
VCC	3.3v
SCL	13
SDA	11
RES	9
DC	8
BLK	3.3v或悬空

三、运行示例代码

运行示例代码程序graphicstest，修改里面Arduino_ST7789初始化的方式。

/***************************************************
  This is a library for the ST7789 IPS SPI display.

  Originally written by Limor Fried/Ladyada for 
  Adafruit Industries.

  Modified by Ananev Ilia
 ****************************************************/

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>    // Core graphics library by Adafruit
#include <Arduino_ST7789.h> // Hardware-specific library for ST7789 (with or without CS pin)
#include <SPI.h>

#define TFT_DC    8
#define TFT_RST   9 
#define TFT_CS    10 // only for displays with CS pin
#define TFT_MOSI  11   // for hardware SPI data pin (all of available pins)
#define TFT_SCLK  13   // for hardware SPI sclk pin (all of available pins)

//You can use different type of hardware initialization
//using hardware SPI (11, 13 on UNO; 51, 52 on MEGA; ICSP-4, ICSP-3 on DUE and etc)
//Arduino_ST7789 tft = Arduino_ST7789(TFT_DC, TFT_RST); //for display without CS pin
//Arduino_ST7789 tft = Arduino_ST7789(TFT_DC, TFT_RST, TFT_CS); //for display with CS pin
//or you can use software SPI on all available pins (slow)
//Arduino_ST7789 tft = Arduino_ST7789(TFT_DC, TFT_RST, TFT_MOSI, TFT_SCLK); //for display without CS pin


//注意：虽然示例中屏幕没有CS，但是如果选择 without cs pin点亮失败：tft.init()函数执行失败
Arduino_ST7789 tft = Arduino_ST7789(TFT_DC, TFT_RST, TFT_MOSI, TFT_SCLK, TFT_CS); //for display with CS pin
//Arduino_ST7789 tft = Arduino_ST7789(-1, TFT_RST, TFT_MOSI, TFT_SCLK, TFT_CS); //for display with CS pin and DC via 9bit SPI


float p = 3.1415926;

void setup(void) {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.print("Hello! ST7789 TFT Test ");

  tft.init(240, 240);   // initialize a ST7789 chip, 240x240 pixels

  Serial.println("Initialized");

  uint16_t time = millis();
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  time = millis() - time;

  Serial.println(time, DEC);
  delay(500);

  // large block of text
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  testdrawtext("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Curabitur adipiscing ante sed nibh tincidunt feugiat. Maecenas enim massa, fringilla sed malesuada et, malesuada sit amet turpis. Sed porttitor neque ut ante pretium vitae malesuada nunc bibendum. Nullam aliquet ultrices massa eu hendrerit. Ut sed nisi lorem. In vestibulum purus a tortor imperdiet posuere. ", WHITE);
  delay(1000);

  // tft print function
  tftPrintTest();
  delay(5000);

  // a single pixel
  tft.drawPixel(tft.width()/2, tft.height()/2, GREEN);
  delay(500);

  // line draw test
  testlines(YELLOW);
  delay(500);

  // optimized lines
  testfastlines(RED, BLUE);
  delay(500);

  testdrawrects(GREEN);
  delay(500);

  testfillrects(YELLOW, MAGENTA);
  delay(500);

  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  testfillcircles(10, BLUE);
  testdrawcircles(10, WHITE);
  delay(500);

  testroundrects();
  delay(500);

  testtriangles();
  delay(500);

  mediabuttons();
  delay(500);

  Serial.println("done");
  delay(1000);
}

void loop() {
  tft.invertDisplay(true);
  delay(500);
  tft.invertDisplay(false);
  delay(500);
}

void testlines(uint16_t color) {
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
    tft.drawLine(0, 0, x, tft.height()-1, color);
  }
  for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=6) {
    tft.drawLine(0, 0, tft.width()-1, y, color);
  }

  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
    tft.drawLine(tft.width()-1, 0, x, tft.height()-1, color);
  }
  for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=6) {
    tft.drawLine(tft.width()-1, 0, 0, y, color);
  }

  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
    tft.drawLine(0, tft.height()-1, x, 0, color);
  }
  for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=6) {
    tft.drawLine(0, tft.height()-1, tft.width()-1, y, color);
  }

  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
    tft.drawLine(tft.width()-1, tft.height()-1, x, 0, color);
  }
  for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=6) {
    tft.drawLine(tft.width()-1, tft.height()-1, 0, y, color);
  }
}

void testdrawtext(char *text, uint16_t color) {
  tft.setCursor(0, 0);
  tft.setTextColor(color);
  tft.setTextWrap(true);
  tft.print(text);
}

void testfastlines(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2) {
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=5) {
    tft.drawFastHLine(0, y, tft.width(), color1);
  }
  for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=5) {
    tft.drawFastVLine(x, 0, tft.height(), color2);
  }
}

void testdrawrects(uint16_t color) {
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
    tft.drawRect(tft.width()/2 -x/2, tft.height()/2 -x/2 , x, x, color);
  }
}

void testfillrects(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2) {
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  for (int16_t x=tft.width()-1; x > 6; x-=6) {
    tft.fillRect(tft.width()/2 -x/2, tft.height()/2 -x/2 , x, x, color1);
    tft.drawRect(tft.width()/2 -x/2, tft.height()/2 -x/2 , x, x, color2);
  }
}

void testfillcircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color) {
  for (int16_t x=radius; x < tft.width(); x+=radius*2) {
    for (int16_t y=radius; y < tft.height(); y+=radius*2) {
      tft.fillCircle(x, y, radius, color);
    }
  }
}

void testdrawcircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color) {
  for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width()+radius; x+=radius*2) {
    for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height()+radius; y+=radius*2) {
      tft.drawCircle(x, y, radius, color);
    }
  }
}

void testtriangles() {
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  int color = 0xF800;
  int t;
  int w = tft.width()/2;
  int x = tft.height()-1;
  int y = 0;
  int z = tft.width();
  for(t = 0 ; t <= 15; t++) {
    tft.drawTriangle(w, y, y, x, z, x, color);
    x-=4;
    y+=4;
    z-=4;
    color+=100;
  }
}

void testroundrects() {
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  int color = 100;
  int i;
  int t;
  for(t = 0 ; t <= 4; t+=1) {
    int x = 0;
    int y = 0;
    int w = tft.width()-2;
    int h = tft.height()-2;
    for(i = 0 ; i <= 16; i+=1) {
      tft.drawRoundRect(x, y, w, h, 5, color);
      x+=2;
      y+=3;
      w-=4;
      h-=6;
      color+=1100;
    }
    color+=100;
  }
}

void tftPrintTest() {
  tft.setTextWrap(false);
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  tft.setCursor(0, 30);
  tft.setTextColor(RED);
  tft.setTextSize(1);
  tft.println("Hello World!");
  tft.setTextColor(YELLOW);
  tft.setTextSize(2);
  tft.println("Hello World!");
  tft.setTextColor(GREEN);
  tft.setTextSize(3);
  tft.println("Hello World!");
  tft.setTextColor(BLUE);
  tft.setTextSize(4);
  tft.print(1234.567);
  delay(1500);
  tft.setCursor(0, 0);
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
  tft.setTextSize(0);
  tft.println("Hello World!");
  tft.setTextSize(1);
  tft.setTextColor(GREEN);
  tft.print(p, 6);
  tft.println(" Want pi?");
  tft.println(" ");
  tft.print(8675309, HEX); // print 8,675,309 out in HEX!
  tft.println(" Print HEX!");
  tft.println(" ");
  tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
  tft.println("Sketch has been");
  tft.println("running for: ");
  tft.setTextColor(MAGENTA);
  tft.print(millis() / 1000);
  tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
  tft.print(" seconds.");
}

void mediabuttons() {
  // play
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  tft.fillRoundRect(25, 10, 78, 60, 8, WHITE);
  tft.fillTriangle(42, 20, 42, 60, 90, 40, RED);
  delay(500);
  // pause
  tft.fillRoundRect(25, 90, 78, 60, 8, WHITE);
  tft.fillRoundRect(39, 98, 20, 45, 5, GREEN);
  tft.fillRoundRect(69, 98, 20, 45, 5, GREEN);
  delay(500);
  // play color
  tft.fillTriangle(42, 20, 42, 60, 90, 40, BLUE);
  delay(50);
  // pause color
  tft.fillRoundRect(39, 98, 20, 45, 5, RED);
  tft.fillRoundRect(69, 98, 20, 45, 5, RED);
  // play color
  tft.fillTriangle(42, 20, 42, 60, 90, 40, GREEN);
}