概要描述
为了实现在路由器上运行我们的demo 模块代码，使用路由器对应的固件openwrt SDK,在linux环境上进行demo环境搭建测试，生成ipk文件，在路由器上安装运行。
准备动作
1：纯净的ubuntu环境，这里我用ubuntu 20进行测试。
2：固件openwrt 对应的SDK包（这里我们使用SDK进行编译，SDK有编译需要用的工具和平台相关的代码等）
开始进行编译：
1：纯净的ubuntu环境，进行更新及必要软件的安装
执行下面相关的命令：
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt install make
sudo apt-get install build-essential
2：安装路由器固件openwrt SDK编译需要的一些依赖包
执行下面相关命令：
sudo apt install build-essential ccache ecj fastjar file g++ gawk gettext git java-propose-classpath libelf-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev python python2.7-dev python3 unzip wget python3-distutils python3-setuptools rsync subversion swig time xsltproc zlib1g-dev
3：配置样例代码，开始进行编译
1: 上传SDK包，解压后，查看样例代码结构
注意：这里使用固件 openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64.tar.xz
这里样例代码helloword直接上传到SDK包package目录中
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ tar -xf openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64.tar.xz
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ tar -xf helloworld.tar.xz
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ ll
drwxr-xr-x 3 hlp hlp 4096 Apr 15 04:46 helloworld/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hlp hlp 1764 Apr 22 02:35 helloworld.tar.xz
drwxr-xr-x 9 hlp hlp 4096 Dec 8 05:09 openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hlp hlp 57034908 Apr 22 02:35 openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64.tar.xz
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ cp -r helloworld /home/hlp/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/package
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ cd /home/hlp/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/package
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/package$ ls
helloworld linux Makefile toolchain
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/package$ tree helloworld/
helloworld/
├── Makefile
└── src
├── helloworld.c
└── Makefile
1 directory, 3 files
2： 开始构建编译
执行“make -j V=s package/helloworld/compile” 开始编译
make -j V=s package/helloworld/compile
第一次执行make时，或者执行“make menuconfig”时，会打开SDK菜单，可以禁用一些“默认配置”(会构建每个软件包)。
选择 ： Global Build Settings
注意： 我在重新测试的时候发现，有时候编译的时候，这里的选项必须选择上才能成功，具体原理没清楚。
在子菜单中取消下列相关选项：
Select all target specific packages by default = OFF
Select all kernel module packages by default = OFF
Select all userspace packages by default = OFF
Also deselect the Crypto package = OFF
开始编译以及查看编译结果：
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64$ make -j V=s package/helloworld/compile
...
#这里如果编译没有报错，查找对应的ipk文件：
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64$ find -name *.ipk|grep helloworld
./bin/packages/mipsel_24kc/base/helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk
可以看到，我们已经生成需要的ipk文件：
helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk
3：样例代码以及Makefile相关文件：
1：helloworld/src/helloworld.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
printf("\nHello, world!\n\n");
return 0;
}
2：helloworld/src/Makefile
# build helloworld executable when user executes "make"
helloworld: helloworld.o
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) helloworld.o -o helloworld
helloworld.o: helloworld.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c helloworld.c
# remove object files and executable when user executes "make clean"
clean:
rm *.o helloworld
3：helloworld/Makefile
##############################################
# OpenWrt Makefile for helloworld program
#
#
# Most of the variables used here are defined in
# the include directives below. We just need to
# specify a basic description of the package,
# where to build our program, where to find
# the source files, and where to install the
# compiled program on the router.
#
# Be very careful of spacing in this file.
# Indents should be tabs, not spaces, and
# there should be no trailing whitespace in
# lines that are not commented.
#
##############################################
include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mk
# Name and release number of this package
PKG_NAME:=helloworld
PKG_VERSION:=2.0
PKG_RELEASE:=2
# This specifies the directory where we're going to build the program.
# The root build directory, $(BUILD_DIR), is by default the build_mipsel
# directory in your OpenWrt SDK directory
PKG_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(PKG_NAME)
include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk
# Specify package information for this program.
# The variables defined here should be self explanatory.
# If you are running Kamikaze, delete the DESCRIPTION
# variable below and uncomment the Kamikaze define
# directive for the description below
define Package/helloworld
SECTION:=utils
CATEGORY:=Utilities
TITLE:=Helloworld -- prints a snarky message
endef
# Uncomment portion below for Kamikaze and delete DESCRIPTION variable above
define Package/helloworld/description
If you can't figure out what this program does, you're probably
brain-dead and need immediate medical attention.
endef
# Specify what needs to be done to prepare for building the package.
# In our case, we need to copy the source files to the build directory.
# This is NOT the default. The default uses the PKG_SOURCE_URL and the
# PKG_SOURCE which is not defined here to download the source from the web.
# In order to just build a simple program that we have just written, it is
# much easier to do it this way.
define Build/Prepare
mkdir -p $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)
$(CP) ./src/* $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/
endef
# We do not need to define Build/Configure or Build/Compile directives
# The defaults are appropriate for compiling a simple program such as this one
# Specify where and how to install the program. Since we only have one file,
# the helloworld executable, install it by copying it to the /bin directory on
# the router. The $(1) variable represents the root directory on the router running
# OpenWrt. The $(INSTALL_DIR) variable contains a command to prepare the install
# directory if it does not already exist. Likewise $(INSTALL_BIN) contains the
# command to copy the binary file from its current location (in our case the build
# directory) to the install directory.
define Package/helloworld/install
$(INSTALL_DIR) $(1)/bin
$(INSTALL_BIN) $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/helloworld $(1)/bin/
endef
# This line executes the necessary commands to compile our program.
# The above define directives specify all the information needed, but this
# line calls BuildPackage which in turn actually uses this information to
# build a package.
$(eval $(call BuildPackage,helloworld))
测试demo
上传到我们的路由器固件环境上，使用opkg 进行安装并执行进行测试。
使用scp命令进行文件的远程拷贝，拷贝到我们的目标机192.168.50.189的/tmp/目录下：
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64$ find -name *.ipk|grep helloworld
./bin/packages/mipsel_24kc/base/helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64$ scp ./bin/packages/mipsel_24kc/base/helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk root@192.168.50.189:/tmp/
The authenticity of host '192.168.50.189 (192.168.50.189)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:+84ZoCRn+MwGF4lgdT7Kq5WJs9yWrb/KK5qPslu0ZAQ.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.50.189' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.50.189's password:
helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk
在目标机192.168.50.189环境上进行查看，安装，以及测试：
root@transCOMM:/tmp# ls -l hello*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1862 Apr 11 14:57 helloworld_1.0-1_mipsel_24kc.ipk
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1895 Apr 17 17:40 helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk
root@transCOMM:/tmp# opkg install helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk
Installing helloworld (2.0-2) to root...
Configuring helloworld.
Collected errors:
* opkg_conf_parse_file: Duplicate src declaration (openwrt_base http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mipsel_24kc/base). Skipping.
* opkg_conf_parse_file: Duplicate src declaration (openwrt_luci http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mipsel_24kc/luci). Skipping.
* opkg_conf_parse_file: Duplicate src declaration (openwrt_packages http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mipsel_24kc/packages). Skipping.
root@transCOMM:/tmp# helloworld
Hello, world!
root@transCOMM:/tmp#
其他：opkg update/opkg remove helloworld
注意：如果编译有问题，可能是makefile有问题，但也可能是其他问题（有不知所以的问题）
同时，登录路由器ip，查看：
如果编译有报错解决不了，请分析Makefile的空格以及设置问题，
或者找我要其他的样例代码进行测试。
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