openwrt环境搭建编译demo

概要描述

​ 为了实现在路由器上运行我们的demo 模块代码,使用路由器对应的固件openwrt SDK,在linux环境上进行demo环境搭建测试,生成ipk文件,在路由器上安装运行。

准备动作

1:纯净的ubuntu环境,这里我用ubuntu 20进行测试。

2:固件openwrt 对应的SDK包(这里我们使用SDK进行编译,SDK有编译需要用的工具和平台相关的代码等)

开始进行编译:

1:纯净的ubuntu环境,进行更新及必要软件的安装

执行下面相关的命令:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt install make
sudo apt-get install build-essential
2:安装路由器固件openwrt SDK编译需要的一些依赖包

执行下面相关命令:

sudo apt install build-essential ccache ecj fastjar file g++ gawk gettext git java-propose-classpath libelf-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev python python2.7-dev python3 unzip wget python3-distutils python3-setuptools rsync subversion swig time xsltproc zlib1g-dev
3:配置样例代码,开始进行编译
1: 上传SDK包,解压后,查看样例代码结构

注意:这里使用固件 openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64.tar.xz

​ 这里样例代码helloword直接上传到SDK包package目录中

hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ tar -xf openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64.tar.xz
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ tar -xf helloworld.tar.xz 
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ ll
drwxr-xr-x 3 hlp hlp     4096 Apr 15 04:46 helloworld/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hlp hlp     1764 Apr 22 02:35 helloworld.tar.xz
drwxr-xr-x 9 hlp hlp     4096 Dec  8 05:09 openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hlp hlp 57034908 Apr 22 02:35 openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64.tar.xz
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ cp -r helloworld /home/hlp/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/package
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt$ cd /home/hlp/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/package
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/package$ ls
helloworld  linux  Makefile  toolchain
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64/package$ tree helloworld/
helloworld/
├── Makefile
└── src
    ├── helloworld.c
    └── Makefile

1 directory, 3 files
2: 开始构建编译

执行“make -j V=s package/helloworld/compile” 开始编译

make -j V=s package/helloworld/compile

第一次执行make时,或者执行“make menuconfig”时,会打开SDK菜单,可以禁用一些“默认配置”(会构建每个软件包)。

选择 : Global Build Settings
注意: 我在重新测试的时候发现,有时候编译的时候,这里的选项必须选择上才能成功,具体原理没清楚。

在子菜单中取消下列相关选项:

Select all target specific packages by default = OFF
Select all kernel module packages by default = OFF
Select all userspace packages by default = OFF
Also deselect the Crypto package = OFF

在这里插入图片描述

开始编译以及查看编译结果:

hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64$ make -j V=s package/helloworld/compile
...
#这里如果编译没有报错,查找对应的ipk文件:
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64$ find -name *.ipk|grep helloworld
./bin/packages/mipsel_24kc/base/helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk

可以看到,我们已经生成需要的ipk文件:

helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk

3:样例代码以及Makefile相关文件:

1:helloworld/src/helloworld.c

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
    printf("\nHello, world!\n\n");
    return 0;
}

2:helloworld/src/Makefile

# build helloworld executable when user executes "make"
helloworld: helloworld.o
	$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) helloworld.o -o helloworld
helloworld.o: helloworld.c
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c helloworld.c

# remove object files and executable when user executes "make clean"
clean:
	rm *.o helloworld

3:helloworld/Makefile

##############################################
# OpenWrt Makefile for helloworld program
#
#
# Most of the variables used here are defined in
# the include directives below. We just need to 
# specify a basic description of the package, 
# where to build our program, where to find 
# the source files, and where to install the 
# compiled program on the router. 
# 
# Be very careful of spacing in this file.
# Indents should be tabs, not spaces, and 
# there should be no trailing whitespace in
# lines that are not commented.
# 
##############################################

include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mk

# Name and release number of this package
PKG_NAME:=helloworld
PKG_VERSION:=2.0
PKG_RELEASE:=2


# This specifies the directory where we're going to build the program.  
# The root build directory, $(BUILD_DIR), is by default the build_mipsel 
# directory in your OpenWrt SDK directory
PKG_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(PKG_NAME)


include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk



# Specify package information for this program. 
# The variables defined here should be self explanatory.
# If you are running Kamikaze, delete the DESCRIPTION 
# variable below and uncomment the Kamikaze define
# directive for the description below
define Package/helloworld
	SECTION:=utils
	CATEGORY:=Utilities
	TITLE:=Helloworld -- prints a snarky message
endef

# Uncomment portion below for Kamikaze and delete DESCRIPTION variable above
define Package/helloworld/description
	If you can't figure out what this program does, you're probably
	brain-dead and need immediate medical attention.
endef

# Specify what needs to be done to prepare for building the package.
# In our case, we need to copy the source files to the build directory.
# This is NOT the default.  The default uses the PKG_SOURCE_URL and the
# PKG_SOURCE which is not defined here to download the source from the web.
# In order to just build a simple program that we have just written, it is
# much easier to do it this way.
define Build/Prepare
	mkdir -p $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)
	$(CP) ./src/* $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/
endef

# We do not need to define Build/Configure or Build/Compile directives
# The defaults are appropriate for compiling a simple program such as this one

# Specify where and how to install the program. Since we only have one file, 
# the helloworld executable, install it by copying it to the /bin directory on
# the router. The $(1) variable represents the root directory on the router running 
# OpenWrt. The $(INSTALL_DIR) variable contains a command to prepare the install 
# directory if it does not already exist.  Likewise $(INSTALL_BIN) contains the 
# command to copy the binary file from its current location (in our case the build
# directory) to the install directory.
define Package/helloworld/install
	$(INSTALL_DIR) $(1)/bin
	$(INSTALL_BIN) $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/helloworld $(1)/bin/
endef

# This line executes the necessary commands to compile our program.
# The above define directives specify all the information needed, but this
# line calls BuildPackage which in turn actually uses this information to
# build a package.
$(eval $(call BuildPackage,helloworld))

测试demo

上传到我们的路由器固件环境上,使用opkg 进行安装并执行进行测试。

使用scp命令进行文件的远程拷贝,拷贝到我们的目标机192.168.50.189的/tmp/目录下:

hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64$ find -name *.ipk|grep helloworld
./bin/packages/mipsel_24kc/base/helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk
hlp@ubuntu:~/openwrt/openwrt-sdk-ramips-mt7621_gcc-7.4.0_musl.Linux-x86_64$ scp ./bin/packages/mipsel_24kc/base/helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk root@192.168.50.189:/tmp/
The authenticity of host '192.168.50.189 (192.168.50.189)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:+84ZoCRn+MwGF4lgdT7Kq5WJs9yWrb/KK5qPslu0ZAQ.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.50.189' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.50.189's password: 
helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk 

在目标机192.168.50.189环境上进行查看,安装,以及测试:

root@transCOMM:/tmp# ls -l hello*
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root          1862 Apr 11 14:57 helloworld_1.0-1_mipsel_24kc.ipk
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root          1895 Apr 17 17:40 helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk
root@transCOMM:/tmp# opkg install helloworld_2.0-2_mipsel_24kc.ipk 
Installing helloworld (2.0-2) to root...
Configuring helloworld.
Collected errors:
 * opkg_conf_parse_file: Duplicate src declaration (openwrt_base http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mipsel_24kc/base). Skipping.
 * opkg_conf_parse_file: Duplicate src declaration (openwrt_luci http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mipsel_24kc/luci). Skipping.
 * opkg_conf_parse_file: Duplicate src declaration (openwrt_packages http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mipsel_24kc/packages). Skipping.
root@transCOMM:/tmp# helloworld

Hello, world!

root@transCOMM:/tmp# 

其他:opkg update/opkg remove helloworld

注意:如果编译有问题,可能是makefile有问题,但也可能是其他问题(有不知所以的问题)

同时,登录路由器ip,查看:

在这里插入图片描述
如果编译有报错解决不了,请分析Makefile的空格以及设置问题,
或者找我要其他的样例代码进行测试。

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