初始化本地软时钟

5.10.2 初始化本地软时钟

native_init_IRQ结束后，init_IRQ也就结束了，回到start_kernel中，607行，prio_tree_init函数很简单：

 

void __init prio_tree_init(void) {        unsigned int i;          for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(index_bits_to_maxindex) - 1; i++)               index_bits_to_maxindex[i] = (1UL << (i + 1)) - 1;        index_bits_to_maxindex[ARRAY_SIZE(index_bits_to_maxindex) - 1] = ~0UL; }

 

初始化全局变量index_bits_to_maxindex[]数组，不在话下。继续走，608行，init_timers，来自kernel/timer.c：

 

1736void __init init_timers(void) 1737{ 1738        int err = timer_cpu_notify(&timers_nb, (unsigned long)CPU_UP_PREPARE, 1739                                (void *)(long)smp_processor_id()); 1740 1741        init_timer_stats(); 1742 1743        BUG_ON(err != NOTIFY_OK); 1744        register_cpu_notifier(&timers_nb); 1745        open_softirq(TIMER_SOFTIRQ, run_timer_softirq); 1746}

 

init_timers函数首先1738初始化本地CPU上的软时钟相关的数据结构，该结构是一个notifier_block类型全局变量，定义在kernel/time.c：

static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata timers_nb = {

       .notifier_call   = timer_cpu_notify,

};

 

timers_nb的回调函数timer_cpu_notify用于初始化指定CPU上的软时钟相关的数据结构：

 

static int __cpuinit timer_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,                             unsigned long action, void *hcpu) {        long cpu = (long)hcpu;        switch(action) {        case CPU_UP_PREPARE:        case CPU_UP_PREPARE_FROZEN:               if (init_timers_cpu(cpu) < 0)                      return NOTIFY_BAD;               break; #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU        case CPU_DEAD:        case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:               migrate_timers(cpu);               break; #endif        default:               break;        }        return NOTIFY_OK; }

 

我们指定的是CPU_UP_PREPARE，所以肯定执行init_timers_cpu(cpu)：

 

1513static int __cpuinit init_timers_cpu(int cpu) 1514{ 1515        int j; 1516        struct tvec_base *base; 1517        static char __cpuinitdata tvec_base_done[NR_CPUS]; 1518 1519        if (!tvec_base_done[cpu]) { 1520                static char boot_done; 1521 1522                if (boot_done) { 1523                        /* 1524                         * The APs use this path later in boot 1525                         */ 1526                        base = kmalloc_node(sizeof(*base), 1527                                                GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO, 1528                                                cpu_to_node(cpu)); 1529                        if (!base) 1530                                return -ENOMEM; 1531 1532                        /* Make sure that tvec_base is 2 byte aligned */ 1533                        if (tbase_get_deferrable(base)) { 1534                                WARN_ON(1); 1535                                kfree(base); 1536                                return -ENOMEM; 1537                        } 1538                        per_cpu(tvec_bases, cpu) = base; 1539                } else { 1540                        /* 1541                         * This is for the boot CPU - we use compile-time 1542                         * static initialisation because per-cpu memory isn't 1543                         * ready yet and because the memory allocators are not 1544                         * initialised either. 1545                         */ 1546                        boot_done = 1; 1547                        base = &boot_tvec_bases; 1548                } 1549                tvec_base_done[cpu] = 1; 1550        } else { 1551                base = per_cpu(tvec_bases, cpu); 1552        } 1553 1554        spin_lock_init(&base->lock); 1555 1556        for (j = 0; j < TVN_SIZE; j++) { 1557                INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv5.vec + j); 1558                INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv4.vec + j); 1559                INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv3.vec + j); 1560                INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv2.vec + j); 1561        } 1562        for (j = 0; j < TVR_SIZE; j++) 1563                INIT_LIST_HEAD(base->tv1.vec + j); 1564 1565        base->timer_jiffies = jiffies; 1566        base->next_timer = base->timer_jiffies; 1567        return 0; 1568}

 

1517定义个全局变量tvec_base_done[]数组，每个元素对应一个CPU的软时钟初始化状态。随后1519~1552行创建本地软时钟数据结构tvec_base。该结构定义如下：

struct tvec_base {

       spinlock_t lock;

       struct timer_list *running_timer;

       unsigned long timer_jiffies;

       unsigned long next_timer;

       struct tvec_root tv1;

       struct tvec tv2;

       struct tvec tv3;

       struct tvec tv4;

       struct tvec tv5;

} ____cacheline_aligned;

 

然后1556~1566行初始化这个tvec_base结构。我们看到，最重要的是1565行，tvec_base结构的timer_jiffies字段被设置成了超级重要的jiffies宏，即自系统启动以来产生的节拍的总数，通过如下函数获得（本质上是一个汇编指令syscall）：

# define jiffies       raid6_jiffies()

static inline uint32_t raid6_jiffies(void)

{

       struct timeval tv;

       gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);

       return tv.tv_sec*1000 + tv.tv_usec/1000;

}

static __always_inline int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz)

{

       int ret;

       asm volatile("syscall"

              : "=a" (ret)

              : "0" (__NR_gettimeofday),"D" (tv),"S" (tz)

              : __syscall_clobber );

       return ret;

}

 

回到init_timers，当初始化了本地CPU上的软时钟数据结构之后，1741行，调用init_timer_stats，初始化每CPU变量tstats_lookup_lock作为自旋锁。然后1744行调用我们已经见过的register_cpu_notifier函数，将新建的这个timers_nb结构挂到全局cpu_chain链中，作为通知链注册。

 

最后，1655行，调用open_softirq初始化时钟的软中断处理函数：

void open_softirq(int nr, void (*action)(struct softirq_action *))

{

       softirq_vec[nr].action = action;

}

 

软中断的概念如果还不熟悉的，请参考博客“下半部分”

http://blog.csdn.net/yunsongice/archive/2010/03/07/5354011.aspx