Android 6.0运行时权限

1. 运行时获得权限:

从android6.0开始,不再是安装应用时用户确定获得全部的权限.而是在使用软件过程中需要该权限时,弹出对话框让用户选择权限.不仅如此,用户选择权限后还可以关闭。

2. 检查是否获得权限:

通过 ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,permission)方法,方法返回值为 PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED or PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED

int permissionCheck = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR);
 if (permissionCheck == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
 Toast.makeText(PermissionActivity.this, "hava this permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
}else { 
Toast.makeText(PermissionActivity.this, "no this permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 } 

3. 请求权限:

通过ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,permissions,requestCode)第二个参数是一个String数组,第三个参数是请求码便于在onRequestPermissionsResult 方法中根据requestCode进行判断.

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(PermissionActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS}, MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS); 

4. 请求权限后的回调:

请求权限后会回调onRequestPermissionsResult方法,在activity中重写onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode,permissions,grantResults)方法 grantResults是int类型的数组每个值为PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED or PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED 分别对应permissions的每个请求.

 @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode){
            case 0:
                for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                    if (grantResults[i]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,permissions[i]+"已授权",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }else {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,permissions[i]+"拒绝授权",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                }

                break;
            case 1:
                if (grantResults[0]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    callDirectly(mMobile);
                }else {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Permission Denide",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
        }
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

    }

5. 告诉用户为何需要权限:

  private void onCallPhone(String mobile) {
        mMobile=mobile;
        int checkCallPhonePermission=ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE);
        if (checkCallPhonePermission!=PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)){


        new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                .setTitle("提示")
                .setMessage("应用需要开启拍照的权限，是否继续？")
                .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE},1);
                    }
                })
                .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {

                    }
                }).show();
            }else {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE},1);
            }
        }else {
            callDirectly(mobile);
        }
    }