ch05:高级文件操作

 

第五讲 高级文件操作

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <unistd.h>

 

int main()

{

       int fds[2];

       char buf[4096];

       int i, fd;

      

       if ((fds[0] = open("p1",O_RDONLY)) < 0)

       {

              perror("open");

              return 1;

       }

 

       if (fds[1] = open("p2",O_RDONLY) < 0)

       {

              perror("open p2");

              return 1;

       }

 

       fd = 0;

       while (1)

       {

              i = read(fds[fd],buf,sizeof(buf) - 1);

              if (i < 0)

              {

                     perror("read");

                     return 1; 

              }

              else if (!i)

              {

                     printf("pipe close/n");

                     return 0;

              }

             

              buf[i] = '/0';

              printf("read:%s", buf);

              fd = (fd + 1) % 2;

       }

 

       return 0;

}

[root@localhost tmp]mknod p1 p

[root@localhost tmp]mknod p2 p

[root@localhost tmp]gcc –o mpxb1 mpxb1.c

[root@localhost tmp]./mpxb1 // 在终端一中运行

[root@localhost tmp]cat > p1 // 在终端二中运行

test1

[root@localhost tmp]cat > p2 // 在终端三中运行

test2

[root@localhost tmp]./mpxb1 // 在终端一中运行

read:test1

对于test2不能显示啊

多路输入输出

#include <sys/poll.h>

int poll(struct pollfd *fds, int numfds, int timeout);

struct pollfd{

       int fd;

       short events;

       short revents;

}

POLLIN, POLLPRI, POLLOUT, POLLERR, POLLHUP, POLLNVAL

例

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <sys/poll.h>

#include <unistd.h>

 

int main()

{

       struct pollfd fds[2];

       char buf[4096];

       int i, rc;

      

       if ((fds[0].fd = open("p1", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) < 0)

       {

              perror("open p1");

              return 1;:

       }

      

       if ((fds[1].fd = open("p2", O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK)) < 0)

       {

              perror("open p2");

              return 0;

       }

      

       fds[0].events = POLLIN;

       fds[1].events = POLLIN;

      

       while (fds[0].events || fds[1].events)

       {

              if (poll(fds, 2, 0))

              {

                     perror("poll");

                     return 1;

              }

             

              for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)

              {

                     if (fds[i].revents)

                     {

                            rc = read(fds[i].fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);

                           

                            if ( rc < 0 )

                            {

                                   perror("read");

                                   return 1;

                            }

                            else if (!rc)

                            {

                                   fds[i].events = 0;

                            }

                            else

                            {

                                   buf[rc] = '/n';

                                   printf("read:%s", buf);

                            }

                     }

              }

       }    

       return 0;

}

 

#include <sys/select.h>

int select(int numfds, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds, fd_set *exceptfds, struct timeval *timeout);

FD_ZERO(fd_set *fds); FD_SET(int fd, fd_set *fds);

FD_CLR(int fd, fd_set *fds); FD_ISSET(int fd, fd_set *fds);

#include <sys/time.h>

struct timeval{

       int tv_sec;

       int tv_usec;

}

例

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <sys/select.h>

#include <unistd.h>

 

int main(void)

{

       int fds[2];

       char buf[4096];

       int i, rc, maxfd;

       fd_set watchset;

       fd_set inset;

 

       if (fds[0] = open("p1", O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK) < 0)

       {

              perror("open p1");

              return 1;

       }    

 

       if (fds[1] = open("p2", O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK) < 0)

       {

              perror("open p2");

              return 1;

       }

 

       FD_ZERO(&watchset);

       FD_SET(fds[0], &watchset);

       FD_SET(fds[1], &watchset);

 

       maxfd = fds[0] > fds[1] ? fds[0] : fds[1];

       while (FD_ISSET(fds[0], &watchset) || FD_ISSET(fds[1], &watchset))

       {

              inset = watchset;

              if (select( maxfd + 1, &inset, NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0)

              {

                     perror("select");

                     return 1;

              }

             

              for ( i = 0; i < 2; i++)

              {

                     if(FD_ISSET(fds[i], &inset))

                     {

                            rc = read(fds[i], buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);

                            if (rc < 0)

                            {

                                   perror("read");

                                   return 1;

                            }

                            else if (!rc)

                            {

                                   close(fds[i]);

                                   FD_CLR(fds[i], &watchset);

                            }

                            else

                            {

                                   buf[rc] = '/0';

                                   printf("read:%s", buf);

                            }

                     }

              }

       }

       return 0;

}

比较poll()和select()

例

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <sys/select.h>

#include <sys/poll.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <signal.h>

 

int gotAlarm;

 

void catch(int sig)

{

       gotAlarm = 1;

}

 

#define HIGH_FD 1000

 

int main( int argc ,const char *argv)

{

       int devZero;

       int count;

       fd_set selectFds;

       struct pollfd pollfds;

      

       devZero = open("dev/zero",O_RDONLY);

       dup2(devZero, HIGH_FD);

       signal(SIGALRM, catch);

      

       gotAlarm = 0;

       count = 0;

       alarm(1);

       while (!gotAlarm)

       {

              FD_ZERO(&selectFds);

              FD_SET(HIGH_FD, &selectFds);

              select(HIGH_FD + 1, &selectFds, NULL, NULL, NULL);

              count++;

       }

       printf("select() calls per second :%d/n", count);

      

       pollfds.fd = HIGH_FD;

       pollfds.events = POLLIN;

       count = 0;

       gotAlarm = 0;

       alarm(1);

       while (!gotAlarm)

       {

              poll(&pollfds, 0, 0);

              count++;

       }

       printf("poll() calls per second :%d/n", count);

 

      

       return 0;

}

 

#include <sys/epoll.h>

int epoll_create(int numDescriptors);

int epoll_ctl(int epfd, int op, int fd, struct epoll_event *event);

int epoll_wait(int epfd, struct epoll_event *events, int maxevents, int timeout);

struct epoll_event{

       union{

              void *ptr;

              int fd;

              unsigned int u32;

              unsigned long long u64;

} data;

}

EPOLLIN, EPOLLOUT, EPOLLPRI

EPOLL_CTL_ADD, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, EPOLL_CTL_MOD

read和write的替代

例

#include <sys/uio.h>

struct iovec{

void *iov_base;

void *iov_len;

};

int readv(int fd, const struct iovec *vector, sieze_t count);

int writev(int fd, const struct iovec *vector, size_t count);

例

#include <unistd.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <sys/uio.h>

 

int main()

{

       struct iovec buffers[3];

 

       buffers[0].iov_base = "hello";

       buffers[0].iov_len = 5;

       buffers[1].iov_base = " ";

       buffers[1].iov_len = 1;

       buffers[2].iov_base = "world/n";

       buffers[2].iov_len = 6;

 

       writev(1,buffers, 3);

      

       return 0;

}