项目目录结构图:
项目前需要用到的jar包
maven构建的项目下其pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.royal</groupId>
<artifactId>springMVCDemo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>springMVCDemo</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 需要用到的jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>6.0.35</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
OK,需要的差不多就这样搭建吧。
下面开始核心demo。
建立web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- <init-param>给DispatcherServlet指定了配置文件的路径,如果不配置<init-param>,默认路径是"/WEB-INF/+<servlet-name>+'-servlet.xml'" -->
</web-app>
建立spring-mvc.xml
<beans xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" >
<!--
第一个<bean>在spring 中配置了DemoController,name="/demo"的意思是,
我可以使用"http://localhost:8080/springMVCDemo/demo"来调用DemoController。
-->
<bean name="/demo" class="com.royal.controller.DemoController" />
<!--
第二个<bean>定义了视图处理器,在以上的配置完成以后,
我只需要在Controller类的方法里返回new ModelAndView("xxxx"),
spring 就会自动在"xxxx"前后加入前缀和后缀作为查找视图层文件的路径,
也就是"/jsp/pages/xxxx.jsp"
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
DemoController.java
package com.royal.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
public class DemoController extends AbstractController {
/**
* AbstractController是springmvc控制器抽象类,
* 我们自定义的控制器只要继承这个抽象类并实现handleRequestInternal()方法就可以实现最基本的处理和跳转了。
* 在spring3版本之前,继承AbstractController是要实现handleRequest()方法的, spring3以后,
* 在AbstractController的handleRequest()方法中调用了handleRequestInternal(),
* 改为由开发者自己实现handleRequestInternal()。
*
* ModelAndView 是代表视图层和模型层的类,在我们的项目中一般就是指jsp文件。
*/
@Override
protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//查找页面路径为/jsp/pages/demo.jsp,该路径看spring-mvc.xml文件定义
return new ModelAndView("demo");
}
}
然后别忘了放2个简单的jsp文件---index.jsp、demo.jsp.注意路径!
部署并运行服务器。
运行结果:
index.jsp 主页面
demo.jsp页面
我们还可以简化spring-mvc.xml这个配置文件,抽出Controller Bean.
第二种方法:
另新建 Demo2Controller.java
package com.royal.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class Demo2Controller {
@RequestMapping("/welcome")
public String helloWorld(){
return "hello";
}
}
接着在spring-mvc.xml中加一句 <context:component-scan base-package="com.royal.controller"/>。表示去com.royal.controller包下(包括子包)查找所有的@controller
spring-mvc.xml
<beans xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" >
<context:component-scan base-package="com.royal.controller"/>
<!--
第一个<bean>在spring 中配置了DemoController,name="/demo"的意思是,
我可以使用"http://localhost:8080/springMVCDemo/demo"来调用DemoController。
-->
<bean name="/demo" class="com.royal.controller.DemoController" />
<!--
第二个<bean>定义了视图处理器,在以上的配置完成以后,
我只需要在Controller类的方法里返回new ModelAndView("xxxx"),
spring 就会自动在"xxxx"前后加入前缀和后缀作为查找视图层文件的路径,
也就是"/jsp/pages/xxxx.jsp"
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
最后在放一个hello.jsp文件 做测试看效果。
运行结果:
参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangliang0115/archive/2012/02/22/2362463.html