需要使用NFC权限和外部存储,测试设备是否支持NFC,提供URI给Acndroid束文件转换器。
Android束文件传输功能有以下要求:
(1)版本16(Android4.1)以及以上才可以发送大的文件
(2)要发送的文件必须在外部存储中。
(3)每个我们想要转换的文件必须是world-readable的。可以这样通过调用File.setReadable(true,false)方法设置权限。
(4)我们必须提供要传输的文件的文件的URI。Android束文件转换不可能处理由FileProvider.getUriForFile
.方法产生的content URI。
在Manifest声明Features
要求两个权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.NFC" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
指定NFC feature
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.nfc"
android:required="true" />
注意:如果我们的App只是使用NFC作为一个选项,但是如果NFC功能不存在的话,我们应该设置
android:required值为
false,并且在代码中测试NFC。
指定Android束文件传输
定义NFC是可选的,使用这个元素:
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.nfc" android:required="false" />
代码中通过调用
PackageManager.hasSystemFeature()
这个来测试是否设备支持NFC。接着检查Android版本是否支持Android束文件传递通过测试值:SDK_INT 如果支持的话,就会得到一个NFC控制器的实例,它允许我们和NFC硬件交流
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
...
NfcAdapter mNfcAdapter;
// Flag to indicate that Android Beam is available
boolean mAndroidBeamAvailable = false;
...
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
// NFC isn't available on the device
if (!PackageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_NFC)) {
/*
* Disable NFC features here.
* For example, disable menu items or buttons that activate
* NFC-related features
*/
...
// Android Beam file transfer isn't supported
} else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <
Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {
// If Android Beam isn't available, don't continue.
mAndroidBeamAvailable = false;
/*
* Disable Android Beam file transfer features here.
*/
...
// Android Beam file transfer is available, continue
} else {
mNfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(this);
...
}
}
...
}
创建一个接口回调提供文件
为了添加这个回调方法,要实现NfcAdapter.CreateBeamUrisCallback接口和它的方法createBeamUris()
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
...
// List of URIs to provide to Android Beam
private Uri[] mFileUris = new Uri[10];
...
/**
* Callback that Android Beam file transfer calls to get
* files to share
*/
private class FileUriCallback implements
NfcAdapter.CreateBeamUrisCallback {
public FileUriCallback() {
}
/**
* Create content URIs as needed to share with another device
*/
@Override
public Uri[] createBeamUris(NfcEvent event) {
return mFileUris;
}
}
...
}
一旦实现这个接口,通过调用
setBeamPushUrisCallback() 方法提供Android束文件传递接口回调。例子如下:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
...
// Instance that returns available files from this app
private FileUriCallback mFileUriCallback;
...
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
// Android Beam file transfer is available, continue
...
mNfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(this);
/*
* Instantiate a new FileUriCallback to handle requests for
* URIs
*/
mFileUriCallback = new FileUriCallback();
// Set the dynamic callback for URI requests.
mNfcAdapter.setBeamPushUrisCallback(mFileUriCallback,this);
...
}
...
}
定义发送文件
/*
* Create a list of URIs, get a File,
* and set its permissions
*/
private Uri[] mFileUris = new Uri[10];
String transferFile = "transferimage.jpg";
File extDir = getExternalFilesDir(null);
File requestFile = new File(extDir, transferFile);
requestFile.setReadable(true, false);
// Get a URI for the File and add it to the list of URIs
fileUri = Uri.fromFile(requestFile);
if (fileUri != null) {
mFileUris[0] = fileUri;
} else {
Log.e("My Activity", "No File URI available for file.");
}