傅里叶变换 - 4

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yyx_daytoy

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-09 01:21:02 发布

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分类专栏：傅里叶变换文章标签： python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yyx_daytoy/article/details/116782846

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离散傅里叶变换矩阵相乘 Python FFT 信号处理

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用矩阵相乘的方法来计算傅里叶变换

离散傅里叶变换公式

$X(k) = \sum_{n=0}^{N-1} x(n) \left \{ cos(\frac{2\pi kn}{N}) - i*sin(\frac{2\pi kn}{N})\right \}, k = 0,1,2,...,N-1$

当 k=1，X(1) 的实部是向量 [x(0), x(1), ..., x(N-1)] 与向量[ $cos(\frac{2\pi k * 0}{N}), cos(\frac{2\pi k * 1}{N}), ..., cos(\frac{2\pi k * (N-1)}{N})$ ]的乘积，所以傅里叶变换可以用矩阵相乘来计算

python 代码

from math import cos, sin, pi
import numpy as np


def my_fft(inpt, N):
    w = np.zeros((N, 2 * N))

    for k in range(N):
        for n in range(N):
            w[k][2*n]   = cos(2*pi*k*n/N)
            w[k][2*n+1] = -sin(2*pi*k*n/N)
    for i in range(N):
        print(w[i])
        
    res = np.dot(inpt, w)
    return res


if __name__ == "__main__":
    N = 8 
    x = np.linspace(0,N-1, N)
    print(x)
    my_res = my_fft(x, N)
    

    print("\n my fft:\n")
    print(my_res)

    print("\n python fft:\n")
    fft_res = np.fft.rfft(x, N)
    print(fft_res)

输出：

[ 0.  1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  7.]    # 输入
# 下面矩阵是cos, sin组成的矩阵
[ 1. -0.  1. -0.  1. -0.  1. -0.  1. -0.  1. -0.  1. -0.  1. -0.]    
[  1.00000000e+00  -0.00000000e+00   7.07106781e-01  -7.07106781e-01 
   6.12323400e-17  -1.00000000e+00  -7.07106781e-01  -7.07106781e-01 
  -1.00000000e+00  -1.22464680e-16  -7.07106781e-01   7.07106781e-01 
  -1.83697020e-16   1.00000000e+00   7.07106781e-01   7.07106781e-01]
[  1.00000000e+00  -0.00000000e+00   6.12323400e-17  -1.00000000e+00 
  -1.00000000e+00  -1.22464680e-16  -1.83697020e-16   1.00000000e+00 
   1.00000000e+00   2.44929360e-16   3.06161700e-16  -1.00000000e+00 
  -1.00000000e+00  -3.67394040e-16  -4.28626380e-16   1.00000000e+00]
[  1.00000000e+00  -0.00000000e+00  -7.07106781e-01  -7.07106781e-01
  -1.83697020e-16   1.00000000e+00   7.07106781e-01  -7.07106781e-01
  -1.00000000e+00  -3.67394040e-16   7.07106781e-01   7.07106781e-01
   5.51091060e-16  -1.00000000e+00  -7.07106781e-01   7.07106781e-01]
[  1.00000000e+00  -0.00000000e+00  -1.00000000e+00  -1.22464680e-16
   1.00000000e+00   2.44929360e-16  -1.00000000e+00  -3.67394040e-16
   1.00000000e+00   4.89858720e-16  -1.00000000e+00  -6.12323400e-16
   1.00000000e+00   7.34788079e-16  -1.00000000e+00  -8.57252759e-16]
[  1.00000000e+00  -0.00000000e+00  -7.07106781e-01   7.07106781e-01
   3.06161700e-16  -1.00000000e+00   7.07106781e-01   7.07106781e-01
  -1.00000000e+00  -6.12323400e-16   7.07106781e-01  -7.07106781e-01
  -2.69484194e-15   1.00000000e+00  -7.07106781e-01  -7.07106781e-01]
[  1.00000000e+00  -0.00000000e+00  -1.83697020e-16   1.00000000e+00
  -1.00000000e+00  -3.67394040e-16   5.51091060e-16  -1.00000000e+00
   1.00000000e+00   7.34788079e-16  -2.69484194e-15   1.00000000e+00
  -1.00000000e+00  -1.10218212e-15  -4.90477700e-16  -1.00000000e+00]
  -4.28626380e-16   1.00000000e+00  -7.07106781e-01   7.07106781e-01
  -1.00000000e+00  -8.57252759e-16  -7.07106781e-01  -7.07106781e-01
  -4.90477700e-16  -1.00000000e+00   7.07106781e-01  -7.07106781e-01]

 my fft:

[  2.80000000e+01   0.00000000e+00  -4.00000000e+00   9.65685425e+00
  -4.00000000e+00   4.00000000e+00  -4.00000000e+00   1.65685425e+00
  -4.00000000e+00  -3.42901104e-15  -4.00000000e+00  -1.65685425e+00
  -4.00000000e+00  -4.00000000e+00  -4.00000000e+00  -9.65685425e+00]

 python fft:

[ 28.+0.j          -4.+9.65685425j  -4.+4.j          -4.+1.65685425j
  -4.+0.j        ]

以上。