《unix/linux编程实践教程》学习笔记：第七章 事件驱动编程：编写一个视频游戏

本章以一个弹珠游戏为例，学习了
屏幕编程的curses库（Ubuntu中需要另外安装软件）
时间编程，使用计时器
信号处理
临界区
注意编译的命令为

gcc filename.c  - o gamename -l curses

游戏代码

运行截图

函数调用关系：
main——》control——》init——》moveball

#include <curses.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <signal.h>

#define RIGHT COLS-1   /*屏幕最右*/
#define BOTTOM LINES-1 /*屏幕底部*/
#define BOARD_LENGTH   10  /*挡板长度*/
#define LEFT 0  
#define TOP 0   
char BALL= 'O';  /*小球图像*/
char BLANK= ' ';  /*清除小球*/

int left_board; /*挡板最左*/
int right_board; /*挡板最右*/
int is_lose=0;

int hdir;   /*横向速度*/
int vdir;   /*纵向速度*/
int pos_X;  /*小球横坐标*/
int pos_Y;  /*小球纵坐标*/

int delay=100;
void moveBall();
void init();
void control();

int main()
{

    initscr();  /*初始化curses库和tty*/
    crmode();  
    noecho();  

    move(6,28);            /*打印主菜单*/
    attron(A_BOLD);
    addstr("Welcome to the BallGame!");
    move(8,20);
    attroff(A_BOLD);
    addstr("Help:");
    move(9,23);
    addstr("'N':Start a new game.");
    move(10,23);
    addstr("'Q':Quit game.");
    move(11,23);
    addstr("'KEY_LEFT' :Control baffle left  shift.");
    move(12,23);
    addstr("'KEY_RIGHT':Control baffle right shift.");
    move(13,23);
    addstr("'KEY_UP'   :Control of the ball speed.");
    move(14,23);
    addstr("'KEY_DOWN' :Control of the ball reducer.");
    int flag=1;
    char choice;
    move(16,24);
    addstr("Please choose your choice!(n/q):");
    refresh();
    choice=getch();    /*阻塞等待输入*/
    while(flag){
        if(choice=='q'||choice=='Q'||choice=='n'||choice=='N')
             flag=0;
        else  choice=getch();
    }
    if(choice=='n'||choice=='N'){    /*输入N游戏开始*/
        clear();
        move(10,25);
        addstr("BallGame will start! Are you read?");
        refresh();
        sleep(3);
        control();
    }
    else if(choice=='q'||choice=='Q'){   /*输入Q游戏退出*/
        clear();
        move(10,25);
        addstr("You quit the game successfully!");
        refresh();
        sleep(3);
        endwin();
    }
    endwin();  /*关闭curses库并重置tty*/
    return 0;
}

void init(){
    int i,j;
    clear();
    if(start_color()==OK){  
        attron(A_BOLD);  
        init_pair(1,COLOR_YELLOW,COLOR_BLACK);
        attron(COLOR_PAIR(1));
    }
    //小球位置
    pos_X =22;  
    pos_Y = BOTTOM-1;  
    //小球速度与方向¯
    hdir=1; 
    vdir=-1;

    //画挡板
    left_board=20;
    right_board=left_board+BOARD_LENGTH;
    for(i=left_board;i<=right_board;i++){  
        move(BOTTOM,i);
        addch('-');
    }

    //定时刷新
    signal(SIGALRM,moveBall);
    set_ticker(delay);

    keypad(stdscr,TRUE);  
    attroff(A_BLINK);     

    is_lose=0;
    move(pos_Y,pos_X);
    addch(BALL);
    move(LINES-1, COLS-1);
    refresh();
    usleep(100000);  
    move(LINES-1,COLS-1);
    refresh();
}

void moveBall(){
    if(is_lose) return;
    signal(SIGALRM,moveBall);
    move(pos_Y,pos_X);
    addch(BLANK);
    pos_X += hdir;
    pos_Y += vdir;
    //边界控制
    if(pos_X >= RIGHT) { 
        hdir = -1;
        beep();  
    }
    if(pos_X <= LEFT)  { 
        hdir = 1;
        beep(); 
    }
    if(pos_Y <= TOP)   { 
        vdir = 1;
        beep();  
    }

    //碰撞判断
    if(pos_Y >= BOTTOM-1){
        if(pos_X>=left_board&&pos_X<=right_board)  
            vdir=-1;
        else{    
            is_lose=1;
            move(pos_Y,pos_X);
            addch(BALL);
            move(LINES-1, COLS-1);
            refresh();
            usleep(delay*1000);  
            move(pos_Y,pos_X);
            addch(BLANK);
            pos_X += hdir;
            pos_Y += vdir;
            move(pos_Y,pos_X);
            addch(BALL);
            move(LINES-1, COLS-1);
            refresh();
        }
    }

    move(pos_Y,pos_X);
    addch(BALL);
    move(LINES-1, COLS-1);
    refresh();
}
void control(){
    init();    //初始化屏幕           
    int cmd;
    while (1)
    {     
        if(!is_lose){
            cmd=getch();
            if(cmd=='q'||cmd=='Q'||cmd==27) break; 
            //挡板左移
            if(cmd==KEY_LEFT){
                if(left_board>0){
                    move(BOTTOM,right_board);
                    addch(' ');
                    right_board--;
                    left_board--;                     
                    move(BOTTOM,left_board);
                    addch('-');
                    move(BOTTOM,RIGHT);
                    refresh();
                }
            }     
            //挡板右移
            else if(cmd==KEY_RIGHT){
                if(right_board<RIGHT){
                    move(BOTTOM,left_board);
                    addch(' ');
                    right_board++;
                    left_board++;
                    move(BOTTOM,right_board);
                    addch('-');
                    move(BOTTOM,RIGHT);
                    refresh();
                }
            }
            //小球速度加快
            else if(cmd==KEY_UP){   
                delay/=2;     
                set_ticker(delay);
            }
            //小球速度减慢
            else if(cmd==KEY_DOWN){  
                delay*=2;
                set_ticker(delay);
            }

        }
        else{
            //游戏失败页面
            int flag=1;
            char choice;
            move(8,15);
            addstr("Game Over!try again?(y/n):");
            refresh();
            choice=getch();

            while(flag){
                if(choice=='y'||choice=='Y'||choice=='n'||choice=='N')
                     flag=0;
                else  choice=getch();
            }
            if(choice=='y'||choice=='Y'){  /*重新开始*/
                    delay=100; 
                    init();
                    continue;
            }
            else if(choice=='n'||choice=='N'){   /*结束游戏*/
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}
//设置定时器
int set_ticker(int n_msecs){
    struct itimerval new_timeset;     
    long n_sec,n_usecs;
    n_sec=n_msecs/1000;
    n_usecs=(n_msecs%1000)*1000L;
    new_timeset.it_interval.tv_sec=n_sec;
    new_timeset.it_interval.tv_usec=n_usecs;
    new_timeset.it_value.tv_sec=n_sec;
    new_timeset.it_value.tv_usec=n_usecs;
    return setitimer(ITIMER_REAL,&new_timeset,NULL); 
}