Android高级UI之View事件分发机制与事件冲突的原因及解决

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onTouch与onClick之间会产生事件冲突吗?
事件在控件中时如何传递的?
事件冲突的根本原因?
如何解决事件冲突?

View的事件分发机制

View的事件分发机制就是事件的传递过程,也就是一个Down事件,若干个Move事件,一个Up事件所构成的事件序列的传递过程。

当你手指按了屏幕,点击事件就会遵循Activity->Window->View这一顺序传递,所以如果所有的元素都返回了false,那么最后事件就会再次传递到Activity里,由Activity的onTouchEvent()方法来处理。

这一传递过程有三个重要的方法,分别是:
boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev)
boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent event)
boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event)

ViewGroup有dispatchTouchEvent()和onInterceptTouchEvent()方法,没有onTouchEvent()方法;
View有dispatchTouchEvent和onTouchEvent()方法,没有onInterceptTouchEvent()方法;

先简单介绍下这三个方法:
dispatchTouchEvent()
只要事件传递到了当前View,那么dispatchTouchEcent方法就一定会被调用。返回结果表示是否消费当前事件。

onInterceptTouchEvent()
在dispatchTouchEcent方法内部调用此方法,用来判断是否拦截某个事件。如果当前ViewGroup拦截了某个事件,那么在这同一个事件序列中,此方法不会再次被调用(从代码层面上解释,因为如果当前ViewGroup拦截了某个事件,那么mFirstTouchTarget == null,所以调用onInterceptTouchEvent()方法的if语句是不会执行的)。返回结果表示是否拦截当前事件。

onTouchEvent()
在dispatchTouchEvent方法内调用此方法,用来处理事件。返回true表示消费了该事件;返回false表示没有消费该事件,事件将会向上传递给父容器。

上面的解释听起来比较抽象,我们可以用一段伪代码来表示上面三个方法的关系:

public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { 
	boolean result = false; // 默认状态为没有消费过 
	if (!onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)) { // 如果没有拦截,则交给子View 		
		result = child.dispatchTouchEvent(ev); 
	}
	if (!result) { // 如果事件没有被消费,则询问自身onTouchEvent 		
		 result = onTouchEvent(ev); 
	}
	return result; 
}

上面的伪代码很好的解释了三个方法之间的关系,我们也可以从伪代码中大致摸索到事件传递的顺序规则:

当点击事件传递到根ViewGroup里,会执行dispatchTouchEvent,在其内部会先调用onInterceptTouchEvent询问是否拦截事件,若拦截,则执行onTouchEvent方法处理这个事件;若不拦截,则执行子元素的dispatchTouchEvent,进入向下分发的传递,直到事件被处理。

在处理一个事件的时候,是有优先级的,如果设置了OnTouchListener,会先执行其内部的onTouch()方法,这时若onTouch()方法返回true,那么表示事件被处理了,不会向下传递了;如果返回了false,那么事件会继续传递给onTouchEvent()方法处理,在onTouchEvent()方法中判断如果设置了OnClickListener,那么就会调用其onClick()方法。

所以其优先级为:OnTouchListener>onTouchEvent>OnClickListener。

《Android开发艺术探索》这本书里总结了11条关于事件传递的结论:

1.同一个事件序列是指手机接触屏幕那一刻起,到离开屏幕那一刻结束,由一个down事件,若干个move事件,一个up事件构成。

2.某个View一旦决定拦截事件,那么这个事件序列之后的事件都会由它来处理,并且不会再调用onInterceptTouchEvent()。

3.正常情况下,一个事件序列只能被一个View拦截并消耗。这个原因可以参考第2条,因为一旦拦截了某个事件,那么这个事件序列里的其他事件都会交给这个View来处理,所以同一事件序列中的事件不能分别由两个View同时处理,但是我们可以通过特殊手段做到,比如一个View将本该自己处理的事件通过onTouchEvent强行传递给其他View处理。
(2和3没有考虑到子View调用requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()的情况,子View在获取到Down事件的情况下是可以通过requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent()来让父View拦截事件的)

4.一个View如果开始处理事件,如果它不处理down事件(onTouchEvent里面返回了false),那么这个事件序列的其他事件就不会交给它来继续处理了,而是会交给它的父元素去处理。

5.如果一个View处理了down事件,却没有处理其他事件,那么这些事件不会交给父元素处理,并且这个View还能继续收到后续的事件。而这些未处理的事件,最终会交给Activity来处理。

即如果View只消耗down事件,而不消耗其他事件,那么其他事件不会回传给父ViewGroup,而是最终交给Activity的onTouchEvent()方法。看下Activity的dispatchTouchEvent()方法就清晰了:


    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            onUserInteraction();
        }
        if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
            return true;
        }
        return onTouchEvent(ev);
    }
     ```

6.ViewGroup的onInterceptToucheEvent默认返回false,也就是默认不拦截事件。

7.View没有InterceptTouchEvent方法,如果有事件传过来,就会直接调用onTouchEvent方法。

8.View的onTouchEvent方法默认都会消耗事件,也就是默认返回true,除非他是不可点击的(longClickable和clickable同时为false)。

9.View的enable属性不会影响onTouchEvent的默认返回值。就算一个View是不可见的,只要他是可点击的(clickable或者longClickable有一个为true),它的onTouchEvent默认返回值也是true。

10.onClick方法会执行的前提是当前View是可点击的,并且它收到了down和up事件。

11.事件传递过程是由外向内的,也就是事件会先传给父元素在向下传递给子元素。但是子元素可以通过requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent来干预父元素的分发过程,但是down事件除外(因为down事件方法里,会清除所有的标志位)。

事件冲突

一个事件只能被一个View所消费,如果消费事件的View不是我们期待的View,则称为产生了事件冲突。

MotionEvent

在这里插入图片描述

View继承关系

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

ViewGroup,先要走分发事件流程,再走处理事件流程

View,只能走处理事件流程

在这里插入图片描述

onTouch与onClick之间会产生事件冲突吗?

看下View的dispatchTouchEvent()方法:

//View.java

 /**
     * Pass the touch screen motion event down to the target view, or this
     * view if it is the target.
     *
     * @param event The motion event to be dispatched.
     * @return True if the event was handled by the view, false otherwise.
     */
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
       
       ...
       
            //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
                    && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                    && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                result = true;
            }

            if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
                result = true;
            }

		...

	}

View的dispatchTouchEvent方法先执行mOnTouchListener的onTouch()方法,只有onTouch()方法返回false时,才去执行onTouchEvent()方法,onClick()方法是在onTouchEvent()方法中调用的。
所以只要onTouch()方法返回true,则onClick()方法是不会执行的。

ViewGroup的事件分发(ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent()源码分析)

//ViewGroup.java


 	@Override
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
        }

        // If the event targets the accessibility focused view and this is it, start
        // normal event dispatch. Maybe a descendant is what will handle the click.
        if (ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus() && isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
        }

        boolean handled = false;
        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
            final int action = ev.getAction();
            final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;

            // Handle an initial down.
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
                // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
                // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
                cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
                resetTouchState();
            }

			/** 步骤1:检查是否要拦截事件。
			两种情况会判断是否要拦截事件:
			1).如果是ACTION_DOWN事件。
			2).如果DOWN事件已经有子View消费了(mFirstTouchTarget != null),那么后续来的MOVE事件也会判断是否要拦截。
			*/
            // Check for interception.
            final boolean intercepted;
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {//如果是ACTION_DOWN事件或者已经有targets要消费该事件,则进行判断是否要拦截事件。
                final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
                if (!disallowIntercept) {//只有disallowIntercept为false,才会调用onInterceptTouchEvent()判断是否拦截
                    intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                    ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
                } else {
                    intercepted = false;
                }
            } else { // 如果不是ACTION_DOWN事件,并且也没有targets要消费该事件,则ViewGroup进行拦截,自己处理该事件
                // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
                // so this view group continues to intercept touches.
                intercepted = true;
            }

			// 如果要拦截该事件,则下面的步骤2是不会执行的,直接执行步骤3进行事件分发
            // If intercepted, start normal event dispatch. Also if there is already
            // a view that is handling the gesture, do normal event dispatch.
            if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
            }

            // Check for cancelation.
            final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;

            // Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
            final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
            TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
            boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
            //步骤2:如果不拦截事件,则进行寻找targets来消费该事件
            if (!canceled && !intercepted) {//如果不拦截,

                // If the event is targeting accessibility focus we give it to the
                // view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
                // we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
                // We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
                // state since these events are very rare.
                View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
                        ? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;

				//只有对DOWN事件才会分发,MOVE和UP事件不会分发
                if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                        || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
                        || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                    final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
                    final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
                            : TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;

                    // Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
                    // have become out of sync.
                    removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);

                    final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;//ViewGroup的直接子View的数量
                    if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
                        final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
                        final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
                        // Find a child that can receive the event.
                        // Scan children from front to back.
                        final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();//对直接子View按照Z轴进行排序
                        final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
                                && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
                        final View[] children = mChildren;
                        for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                            final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
                                    childrenCount, i, customOrder);
                            final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
                                    preorderedList, children, childIndex);

                            // If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
                            // to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
                            // normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
                            // safer given the timeframe.
                            if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
                                if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
                                    continue;
                                }
                                childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
                                i = childrenCount - 1;
                            }

							//判断这个child是否能接收事件,并且点击事件是否在child范围里面
                            if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
                                    || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
                                ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                                continue;
                            }
								
							//走到这里,说明这个child能接收事件,并且点击事件在child范围里面

                            newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
                            if (newTouchTarget != null) {
                                // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
                                // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
                                newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                                break;
                            }

                            resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
                            //调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()方法将事件分发给child,dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()返回true表示child处理了该事件
                            if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                            	// 进入到这里表示child处理了该事件
                                // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
                                mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
                                if (preorderedList != null) {
                                    // childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
                                    for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
                                        if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
                                            mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                } else {
                                    mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
                                }
                                mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
                                mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
                                //调用addTouchTarget()为该child创建一个新的TouchTarget插入到mFirstTouchTarget指向的链表的前面(头插法)
                                newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                                alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                                break;
                            }

                            // The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
                            // the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
                            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                        }
                        if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
                    }

                    if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                        // Did not find a child to receive the event.
                        // Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
                        newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
                        while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
                            newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
                        }
                        newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                    }
                }
            }

			//步骤3:事件分发流程(normal event dispatch),进行事件的分发和处理。拦截或者不拦截事件都会走到这里
            // Dispatch to touch targets.
            if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
	            /**
	            步骤3.1:
	            对于DOWN事件两种情况会走到这里:
	            	1).如果自己不拦截DOWN事件但是没子View领取DOWN事件
	            	2).如果自己拦截了DOWN事件。
	            
	            对于MOVE事件三种情况会走到这里:
	            	1).如果自己不拦截DOWN事件,但是没子View领取DOWN事件(即没子View消费DOWN事件),那么后续的MOVE事件都会走这里
	            	2).如果自己不拦截DOWN事件,并且有子View领取DOWN事件,但是后面自己又拦截了MOVE事件,那么MOVE事件序列中的第二个MOVE事件及后续的MOVE事件会走这里
	            	3).如果自己拦截了DOWN事件,那么后续的MOVE事件都会走这里
	            	
	            */
            	
                // child参数传null,表示自己处理该事件
                // No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
                handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
                        TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
            } else { 
	            /**
	            步骤3.2:
	             对于DOWN事件:
	             如果自己不拦截DOWN事件,并且有子View领取DOWN事件
	             
	             对于MOVE事件:
	             如果自己不拦截DOWN事件,并且有子View领取DOWN事件,但是后面自己又拦截了MOVE事件,那么MOVE事件序列中的第一个MOVE事件会走这里
	             如果自己不拦截DOWN事件,并且有子View领取DOWN事件,后面自己也没有拦截MOVE事件,那么MOVE事件都会走这里。
	             
	            */
            
                // Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
                // dispatched to it.  Cancel touch targets if necessary.
                TouchTarget predecessor = null;
                TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
                while (target != null) {//while循环解决多点触控
                    final TouchTarget next = target.next;
                    if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {  
                    	//步骤3.2.1:DOWN事件分发会走这里,如果alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget=true并且target == newTouchTarget表示上面child已经处理过了 
                        handled = true;
                    } else { 
                    	//步骤3.2.2:MOVE事件分发会走这里       
                        final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
                                || intercepted;
                        
                        if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
                                target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
                            handled = true;
                        }
                        if (cancelChild) {
                            if (predecessor == null) {
                                mFirstTouchTarget = next;
                            } else {
                                predecessor.next = next;
                            }
                            target.recycle();
                            target = next;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    predecessor = target;
                    target = next;
                }
            }

            // Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
            if (canceled
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
                resetTouchState();
            } else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
                final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
                final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
                removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
            }
        }

        if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
        }
        return handled;
    }


	/**
	 * 调用该方法的结果是:要么ViewGroup自己处理了事件,要么child递归进行上述分析的dispatchTouchEvent()流程
	 * 
     * Transforms a motion event into the coordinate space of a particular child view,
     * filters out irrelevant pointer ids, and overrides its action if necessary.
     * If child is null, assumes the MotionEvent will be sent to this ViewGroup instead.
     */
    private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
            View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
        final boolean handled;

        // Canceling motions is a special case.  We don't need to perform any transformations
        // or filtering.  The important part is the action, not the contents.
        final int oldAction = event.getAction();
        if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
            event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            if (child == null) {
                handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            } else {
                handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);//分发一个cancel事件给child
            }
            event.setAction(oldAction);
            return handled;
        }

        // Calculate the number of pointers to deliver.
        final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
        final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;

        // If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we
        // might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event.
        if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
            return false;
        }

        // If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy
        // irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this
        // dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make.
        // Otherwise we need to make a copy.
        final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
        if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
            if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
                if (child == null) {
                    handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
                } else {
                    final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
                    final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
                    event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);

                    handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);

                    event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
                }
                return handled;
            }
            transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
        } else {
            transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
        }

        // Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
        if (child == null) {//如果child==null,则调用super.dispatchTouchEvent()进行处理事件,即调用View的dispatchTouchEvent()
            handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        } else {
            final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
            final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
            transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
            if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
                transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
            }

            handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
        }

        // Done.
        transformedEvent.recycle();
        return handled;
    }

    /**
     * Adds a touch target for specified child to the beginning of the list.
     * Assumes the target child is not already present.
     */
    private TouchTarget addTouchTarget(@NonNull View child, int pointerIdBits) {
        final TouchTarget target = TouchTarget.obtain(child, pointerIdBits);
        target.next = mFirstTouchTarget;
        mFirstTouchTarget = target;
        return target;
    }

    /**
     * 判断一个View能否接收事件,满足两个条件中的一个:
     * 1.View是VISIBLE的
     * 2.如果View不是VISIBLE,但是有动画
     * 
     * Returns true if a child view can receive pointer events.
     * @hide
     */
    private static boolean canViewReceivePointerEvents(@NonNull View child) {
        return (child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE
                || child.getAnimation() != null;
    }


    /**
     * 判断点击事件是否在child里面
     * 
     * Returns true if a child view contains the specified point when transformed
     * into its coordinate space.
     * Child must not be null.
     * @hide
     */
    protected boolean isTransformedTouchPointInView(float x, float y, View child,
            PointF outLocalPoint) {
        final float[] point = getTempPoint();
        point[0] = x;
        point[1] = y;
        transformPointToViewLocal(point, child);
        final boolean isInView = child.pointInView(point[0], point[1]);
        if (isInView && outLocalPoint != null) {
            outLocalPoint.set(point[0], point[1]);
        }
        return isInView;
    }

总结

一、
ViewGroup,先要走分发事件流程,如果没人处理事件,就再走处理事件流程
View,只能走处理事件流程

二、
分发流程:
DOWN–确定事件给谁
1.先判断是否拦截后自己处理事件(即不分发下去)
2.如果不拦截,则分发下去,主要步骤:
排序,对子View按照z轴进行排序
分发,遍历排序好的子View,判断哪个子View需要领取事件
领取事件的子View 处理事件
3.如果没子View领取或者自己要拦截该事件,再看下自己是否要处理该事件,进行事件分发处理流程
(如果自己要拦截该事件,则相当于自己是最后一个View,要判断自己是否要处理该事件)

MOVE–处理事件
1.先看是否拦截后自己处理事件(即不分发下去),子View可以请求不拦截
2.分发下去:
直接由down事件确定的子view进行事件处理

拦截MOVE事件—只能在MOVE事件中处理事件冲突
如果之前已经将事件分发给了子View,但是后来父容器拦截了MOVE事件,则
第一个MOVE事件会走步骤3.2.2:给子View发送一个cancel事件,并且将mFirstTouchTarget置为null(对于单点触摸事件mFirstTouchTarget指向的链表只有一个节点,mFirstTouchTarget = next; 的结果即将mFirstTouchTarget置为null)。这时候父容器是没有处理这个MOVE事件的。
第二个MOVE事件到来时会走步骤3.1,这时候父容器才处理事件。

三、
对于叶节点,如果没有拿到DOWN事件,则也就拿不到MOVE和UP事件;但是对于非叶节点,如果没有拿到DOWN事件,也可以拿到MOVE和UP事件。

四、
对于ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_UP事件,因为mFirstTouchTarget != null,所以也会调用onInterceptTouchEvent()判断是否要拦截:


    @Override
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
			
		...
			
            // Check for interception.
            final boolean intercepted;
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
                if (!disallowIntercept) {
                    intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                    ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
                } else {
                    intercepted = false;
                }
            } else {
                // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
                // so this view group continues to intercept touches.
                intercepted = true;
            }
            
		...
	
	}

五、
只有ACTION_DOWN事件才会从直接子View中寻找TouchTarget,寻找到新的TouchTarget时会更新mFirstTouchTarget,所以只要找到TouchTarget那么mFirstTouchTarget就!=null,如果没有从子View中找到TouchTarget或者自己拦截了事件,则TouchTarget==null。ACTION_MOVE事件不会寻找TouchTarget。

六、
当子View作为TouchTarget,但是后面的MOVE事件父容器进行了拦截,则第一个MOVE事件会转为CANCEL事件分发给TouchTarget。

七、
子View一旦拿到DOWN事件,后面的事件由谁处理是由子View决定的。

八、
父布局可以拦截子布局的事件,但是子布局不能拦截父布局的事件。
比如子布局消费掉DOWN事件后,父布局是可以把后续的MOVE事件拦截下来自己处理的(子布局调用getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(false);后父布局就可以拦截MOVE事件了),但是MOVE事件一旦被父布局拦截下来,则再后面的MOVE事件和UP事件再也不会分发到子布局了。

View的事件分发(View的dispatchTouchEvent()源码分析)

//View.java

    /**
     * Pass the touch screen motion event down to the target view, or this
     * view if it is the target.
     *
     * @param event The motion event to be dispatched.
     * @return True if the event was handled by the view, false otherwise.
     */
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        // If the event should be handled by accessibility focus first.
        if (event.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()) {
            // We don't have focus or no virtual descendant has it, do not handle the event.
            if (!isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
                return false;
            }
            // We have focus and got the event, then use normal event dispatch.
            event.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
        }

        boolean result = false;

        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(event, 0);
        }

        final int actionMasked = event.getActionMasked();
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            // Defensive cleanup for new gesture
            stopNestedScroll();
        }

        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
            if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
            //步骤1:先调用mOnTouchListener的onTouch()方法判断是否消消费事件
            //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
                    && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                    && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                result = true;
            }
			//步骤2:然后再调用View#onTouchEvent()方法判断是否消消费事件
            if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
        }

        if (!result && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(event, 0);
        }

        // Clean up after nested scrolls if this is the end of a gesture;
        // also cancel it if we tried an ACTION_DOWN but we didn't want the rest
        // of the gesture.
        if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ||
                actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL ||
                (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && !result)) {
            stopNestedScroll();
        }

        return result;
    }



    /**
     * Implement this method to handle touch screen motion events.
     * <p>
     * If this method is used to detect click actions, it is recommended that
     * the actions be performed by implementing and calling
     * {@link #performClick()}. This will ensure consistent system behavior,
     * including:
     * <ul>
     * <li>obeying click sound preferences
     * <li>dispatching OnClickListener calls
     * <li>handling {@link AccessibilityNodeInfo#ACTION_CLICK ACTION_CLICK} when
     * accessibility features are enabled
     * </ul>
     *
     * @param event The motion event.
     * @return True if the event was handled, false otherwise.
     */
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        final float x = event.getX();
        final float y = event.getY();
        final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
        final int action = event.getAction();

        final boolean clickable = ((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
                || (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
                || (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE;

        if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
            if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
                setPressed(false);
            }
            mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
            // A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
            // events, it just doesn't respond to them.
            return clickable;
        }
        if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
            if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        if (clickable || (viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
            switch (action) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                    mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
                    if ((viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
                        handleTooltipUp();
                    }
                    if (!clickable) {
                        removeTapCallback();
                        removeLongPressCallback();
                        mInContextButtonPress = false;
                        mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
                        mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
                        break;
                    }
                    boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
                    if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
                        // take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
                        // touch mode.
                        boolean focusTaken = false;
                        if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
                            focusTaken = requestFocus();
                        }

                        if (prepressed) {
                            // The button is being released before we actually
                            // showed it as pressed.  Make it show the pressed
                            // state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
                            // the user sees it.
                            setPressed(true, x, y);
                        }

                        if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
                            // This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
                            removeLongPressCallback();

                            // Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
                            if (!focusTaken) {
                                // Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
                                // performClick directly. This lets other visual state
                                // of the view update before click actions start.
                                if (mPerformClick == null) {
                                    mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
                                }
                                if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
                                    performClickInternal();
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
                            mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
                        }

                        if (prepressed) {
                            postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
                                    ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
                        } else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
                            // If the post failed, unpress right now
                            mUnsetPressedState.run();
                        }

                        removeTapCallback();
                    }
                    mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                    if (event.getSource() == InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN) {
                        mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
                    }
                    mHasPerformedLongPress = false;

                    if (!clickable) {
                        checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
                        break;
                    }

                    if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
                        break;
                    }

                    // Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
                    boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();

                    // For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
                    // a short period in case this is a scroll.
                    if (isInScrollingContainer) {
                        mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
                        if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
                            mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
                        }
                        mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
                        mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
                        postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
                    } else {
                        // Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
                        setPressed(true, x, y);
                        checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
                    }
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
                    if (clickable) {
                        setPressed(false);
                    }
                    removeTapCallback();
                    removeLongPressCallback();
                    mInContextButtonPress = false;
                    mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
                    mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
                    mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                    if (clickable) {
                        drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
                    }

                    // Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
                    if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
                        // Outside button
                        // Remove any future long press/tap checks
                        removeTapCallback();
                        removeLongPressCallback();
                        if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
                            setPressed(false);
                        }
                        mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
                    }
                    break;
            }

            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

滑动冲突

滑动冲突的基本形式

介绍完了事件分发机制的基本流程,我们来看看滑动冲突。滑动冲突的基本形式分为两种基本形式:
1:外部滑动方向与内部方向不一致。
2:外部方向与内部方向一致。

其他复杂的滑动冲突都可以拆成这两种基本形式。

先来看第一种,比如你用ViewPaper和Fragment搭配,而Fragment里往往是一个竖直滑动的ListView,这种情况是就会产生滑动冲突,但是由于ViewPaper本身已经处理好了滑动冲突,所以我们无需考虑,不过若是换成ScrollView,我们就得自己处理滑动冲突了。图示如下:
在这里插入图片描述

再看看第二种,这种情况下,因为内部和外部滑动方向一致,系统会分不清你要滑动哪个部分,所以会要么只有一层能滑动,要么两层一起滑动得很卡顿。图示如下:
在这里插入图片描述
对于这两种情况,我们处理的方法也很简单,并且都有相应的套路。

第一种:第一种的冲突主要是一个横向一个竖向的,所以我们只要判断滑动方向是竖向还是横向的,再让对应的View滑动即可。

判断的方法有很多,比如竖直距离与横向距离的大小比较;滑动路径与水平形成的夹角等等。

第二种:对于这种情况,比较特殊,我们没有通用的规则,得根据业务逻辑来得出相应的处理规则。举个最常见的例子,ListView下拉刷新,需要ListView自身滑动,但是当滑动到头部时需要ListView和Header一起滑动,也就是整个父容器的滑动。如果不处理好滑动冲突,就会出现各种意想不到情况。

滑动冲突的处理方法

滑动冲突的拦截方法有两种:

1.外部拦截法
一种是让事件都经过父容器的拦截处理,如果父容器需要则拦截,如果不需要则不拦截,称为外部拦截法,其伪代码如下:

在这里插入图片描述
在这里,首先down事件父容器必须返回false ,因为若是返回true,也就是拦截了down事件,那么后续的move和up事件就都会传递给父容器,子元素就没有机会处理事件了。

其次是up事件也返回了false,一是因为up事件对父容器没什么意义,其次是因为若事件是子元素处理的,却没有收到up事件会让子元素的onClick事件无法触发。

2.内部拦截法
另一种是父容器不拦截任何事件,将所有事件传递给子元素,如果子元素需要则消耗掉,如果不需要则通过requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent方法交给父容器处理,称为内部拦截法,使用起来稍显麻烦。

伪代码如下:
首先我们需要重写子元素的dispatchTouchEvent方法:
在这里插入图片描述
然后修改父容器的onInterceptTouchEvent方法:
在这里插入图片描述
这里父容器也不能拦截down事件。

实例说明

参考:
Android View的事件分发机制和滑动冲突解决方案

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