windows下的命名管道实现
Sever端创建过程:
①创建命名管道
HANDLE WINAPI CreateNamedPipe(
_In_ LPCTSTR lpName, //名称:必须为\\.\pipe\pipename格式,“.”表示本地主机,如需联网,就用主机名
_In_ DWORD dwOpenMode,//打开方式这里用双工PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX
_In_ DWORD dwPipeMode,//字节形式还是消息形式
_In_ DWORD nMaxInstances,//可使用该管道的实例个数,创建者也算在内
_In_ DWORD nOutBufferSize, //输出缓冲区大小
_In_ DWORD nInBufferSize, //输入缓冲区大小
_In_ DWORD nDefaultTimeOut, >//默认超时WaitNamedPipe用,所有实例此值需相同
_In_opt_ LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes//安全属性
);
这里特别要注意的就是名称了,格式要对,别忘了转义字符
EX:
hPipe = CreateNamedPipe("\\\\.\\pipe\\MyPipe",
PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
0, 1, 1024, 1024, 0, NULL);
②等待客户端连入
BOOL WINAPI ConnectNamedPipe(
_In_ HANDLE hNamedPipe, //CreateNamedPipe返回的句柄
_Inout_opt_ LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped //是否异步
);
OVERLAPPED结构体:(其余设0,hEvent设置一下即可)
typedef struct _OVERLAPPED {
ULONG_PTR Internal;
ULONG_PTR InternalHigh;
union {
struct {
DWORD Offset;
DWORD OffsetHigh;
};
PVOID Pointer;
};
HANDLE hEvent;
} OVERLAPPED, *LPOVERLAPPED;
③如果设置了OVERLAPPED异步模式,那就用它来等待是否有Client连入(连入时会激发Event)
EX:if (WAIT_FAILED == WaitForSingleObject(hEvent, INFINITE))
{
MessageBox("There is no response.");
CloseHandle(hEvent);
CloseHandle(hPipe);
return;
}
Client端连接:
①等待是否有已知名字的管道存在
BOOL WINAPI WaitNamedPipe(
_In_ LPCTSTR lpNamedPipeName, //管道名字
_In_ DWORD nTimeOut //超时时长
);
②利用CreateFile获取该管道的句柄
HANDLE WINAPI CreateFile(
_In_ LPCTSTR lpFileName,
_In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess,
_In_ DWORD dwShareMode,
_In_opt_ LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes,
_In_ DWORD dwCreationDisposition,
_In_ DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes,
_In_opt_ HANDLE hTemplateFile
);
Ex
CreateFile(sName, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
到此为止,Server端和Client端已经用命名管道建立起了联系。它们的读写分别为WriteFile和ReadFile,值得注意的是阻塞情况,适当地使用多线程产生worker线程即可。当然,产生线程也就要注意合适地结束它们。
最后,断开管道API:
BOOL WINAPI DisconnectNamedPipe(
_In_ HANDLE hNamedPipe
);
很喜欢编程,喜欢深入了解一切的实现,作为新人,希望前辈们多多指正,多多鼓励,谢谢。