Rocky Linux安装Web开发环境(Apache+Mariadb+PHP)

1.操作系统安装

操作系统:Rocky Linux 8.6

下载地址:Download

在开机界面按下Tab输入使网卡编号从0开始，其实应对单个网卡没什么用处，主要应对的是服务器安装多个PCI-E网卡的情况。

net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

选择语言 

选择软件包 

设置Root密码 

设置时间和时区 

开始安装 

安装完成 

 2.基本环境配置

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

关闭Selinux

vi /etc/selinux/config
---------------------------------------
将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled

改完后保存退出并重启系统
reboot

 设置hostname

hostnamectl set-hostname web-server
su

设置静态IP

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-网卡名称

IP地址、网关、掩码等参数按照实际需求配置

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static           #将dhcp改为static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eth0
UUID=1ea69a31-99ec-4329-a07c-1dc08de36747
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes                 #将no改为yes
IPADDR=192.168.100.10      #IP地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0      #子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.100.254    #网关地址
DNS1=223.5.5.5             #DNS地址
DNS2=61.178.0.93

 重载配置文件使更改生效

nmcli c reload
nmcli c up 网卡名称

更新Yum源和软件包

yum clean all && yum makecache
yum update -y

 3.开发环境部署

安装apache

yum install httpd -y

设置开机自启并开启服务

systemctl enable httpd && systemctl start httpd

安装Mariadb

yum install mariadb mariadb-server -y

设置开机自启并开启服务 

systemctl enable mariadb && systemctl start mariadb

初始化数据库 

mysql_secure_installation

进行初始化 

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

测试Mariadb

mysql -u root -p

Enter password: 
MariaDB [(none)]>exit;

安装PHP

yum install php php-* -y

重启apache

systemctl restart httpd

4.环境测试 

 网页的默认文件路径在/var/www/html下，有需要可以更改。

创建一个index.php并写入phpinfo测试

vi /etc/www/html/index.php
-------------------------------
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

浏览器输入http://IP地址(前面设置的)进行测试

删除测试文件

rm -rf /var/www/html/index.php

搭建完成

可以采用xshell、CRT等工具上传网页文件到/var/www/html中

出现的问题

Apache默认会允许可以访问网站文件夹的问题，可以通过修改配置文件禁止访问文件夹

vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
------------------------------
找到Options Indexes FollowSymLinks注释掉(大约在260行左右)
在下一行添加Options FollwoSymLinks

重启Apache服务
systemctl restart httpd

如果报错请检查配置文件是否有错