if
if 语句 if…elif…else…
python 里没有switch…case
if a > 10:
print('a>10')
elif a < 10:
print('a<10')
else:
print('a=10')
while
a = 1
sum = 0
while a <= 100:
sum += a
a += 1
print(sum) # 5050
while…else
a = 20
while a<20:
print('a<20')
else:
print('a>=20')
# a>=20
for循环
list1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
for x in list1:
print(x) # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
for…else
list2 = [1,2,3,4,5]
for x in list2:
print(x)
else:
print('循环结束')
'''
1
2
3
4
5
循环结束
'''
range()函数
range() 返回一个数列
range(10) : [0,9]
range(5,10) : [5,9]
range(2,10,2) : 2 4 6 8
for x in range(5):
print(x) # 0 1 2 3 4
break和continue
break 结束当前循环体,只结束一层
continue 结束当前循环体的本次循环,只结束一层
for a in range(3):
for b in ['a','b','c','d','e']:
if b == 'c':
break
print( a,'--',b)
'''
0 -- a
0 -- b
1 -- a
1 -- b
2 -- a
2 -- b
'''
for a in range(3):
for b in ['a','b','c','d','e']:
if b == 'c':
continue
print( a,'--',b)
'''
0 -- a
0 -- b
0 -- d
0 -- e
1 -- a
1 -- b
1 -- d
1 -- e
2 -- a
2 -- b
2 -- d
2 -- e
'''
pass
什么都不执行,python里的占位语句,用来保持代码块的结构完整