Oracle 之 分组查询

组函数的类型：

•AVG

•COUNT

•MAX

•MIN

•STDDEV

•SUM

可以对数值型数据使用AVG 和 SUM 函数。

SELECT AVG(salary), MAX(salary),
              MIN(salary), SUM(salary)
FROM   employees
WHERE  job_id LIKE '%REP%';

 

可以对任意数据类型的数据使用 MIN 和 MAX 函数。

SELECT MIN(hire_date), MAX(hire_date)
FROM	  employees;

 

COUNT(*) 返回表中记录总数,适用于任意数据类型。

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM	  employees
WHERE  department_id = 50;

•COUNT(expr) 返回expr不为空的记录总数。

SELECT COUNT(commission_pct)
FROM   employees
WHERE  department_id = 50;

组函数忽略空值

SELECT AVG(commission_pct)
FROM   employees;

NVL函数使分组函数无法忽略空值。

SELECT AVG(NVL(commission_pct, 0))
FROM   employees;

•COUNT(DISTINCT expr)返回expr非空且不重复的记录总数

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT department_id)
FROM   employees;

 

分组数据

GROUP BY 子句语法

可以使用GROUP BY子句将表中的数据分成若干组

SELECT   department_id, AVG(salary)
FROM     employees
GROUP BY department_id ;

包含在 GROUP BY 子句中的列不必包含在SELECT 列表中

SELECT   AVG(salary)
FROM     employees
GROUP BY department_id ;

SELECT   department_id dept_id, job_id, SUM(salary)
FROM     employees
GROUP BY department_id, job_id ;

 

过滤分组： HAVING 子句

满足HAVING 子句中条件的分组将被显示

SELECT   department_id, MAX(salary)
FROM     employees
GROUP BY department_id
HAVING   MAX(salary)>10000 ;

 

嵌套组函数

显示各部门平均工资的最大值

SELECT   MAX(AVG(salary))
FROM     employees
GROUP BY department_id;