SpringBoot使用kaptcha生成验证码

1.在pom文件中添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
    <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.2</version>
</dependency>

2.新建KaptchaConfig.java，在其中配置验证码相关的属性

/**
 * Created By Seven.wk
 * Description: 验证码配置类
 * Created At 2018/08/07
 */
@Component
public class KaptchaConfig {
    @Bean
    public DefaultKaptcha getDefaultKaptcha() {
        DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "yes");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "105,179,90");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "blue");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "110");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "40");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size", "30");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.session.key", "code");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋体,楷体,微软雅黑");
        Config config = new Config(properties);
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);

        return defaultKaptcha;
    }
}

3.在控制器中生成验证码并保存为图片

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class ILoginController {

    @Autowired
    private DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha;

    /**
     * 生成验证码
     * @param response
     * @param session
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @GetMapping("/captcha")
    public void captcha(HttpServletResponse response,
                        HttpSession session) throws IOException {
        byte[] captchaChallengeAsJpeg = null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream jpegOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try {
            //生产验证码字符串并保存到session中
            String createText = defaultKaptcha.createText();
            session.setAttribute(Const.CAPTCHA_CODE, createText);
            //使用生产的验证码字符串返回一个BufferedImage对象并转为byte写入到byte数组中
            BufferedImage challenge = defaultKaptcha.createImage(createText);
            ImageIO.write(challenge, "jpg", jpegOutputStream);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
            return;
        }

        //定义response输出类型为image/jpeg类型，使用response输出流输出图片的byte数组
        captchaChallengeAsJpeg = jpegOutputStream.toByteArray();
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = response.getOutputStream();
        responseOutputStream.write(captchaChallengeAsJpeg);
        responseOutputStream.flush();
        responseOutputStream.close();
    }

}

4.现在我们可以通过访问/api/captcha，就可以看到验证码了

5.前端使用方法如下：

<img src="/api/captcha" title="验证码" alt="验证码" class="captchaCode" onclick = "this.src='/api/captcha?d='+new Date()*1"/>

这样每次点击图片时就可以更换验证码了。