Android开发实践一：计算器模拟

模拟器改为竖屏：

ctrl+fn+f12

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android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"

match_parent：使它长宽布局与屏幕一致

fill_parent：与match_parent类似，能兼容更低版本

wrap_content：大小刚刚好

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使竖屏或横屏

AndroidManifest.xml下activity标签中添加

android:screenOrientation="portrait"  
android:configChanges="keyboardHidden|orientation"

portrait为纵向，landscape为横向

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Android虚拟机

Device: 5.1 WVGA (480*800:mdpi)

skin: WVGA 800

//两者最好配套

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若提升版本过低，在AndroidManifest.xml中修改

android:minSdkVersion="15"

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AndroidManifest.xml中<intent-filter>放到哪个<activity>中就启动哪个界面

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控件对齐：

android:layout_gravity="fill_vertical"

//可使控件水平布满整个屏幕

layout_gravity， 该属性用于设置控件相对于容器的对齐方式，可选项有：top、bottom、left、right、center_vertical、fill_vertical 、 center、fill等等。

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控件内容（如文字）对齐：

android:gravity="right"

//可使文字向右对齐

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//获取屏幕宽和高
DisplayMetrics dm = getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
int width = dm.widthPixels;
int height= dm.heightPixels;

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src 中 .java文件部分代码：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	//1
		GridLayout gridLayout; //定义布局
		
		String[] chars=new String[]
				{
					"7","8","9","/",
					"4","5","6","*",
					"1","2","3","-",
					".","0","=","+"
				};
		//1
	
	/**
	 * The {@link android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter} that will provide
	 * fragments for each of the sections. We use a {@link FragmentPagerAdapter}
	 * derivative, which will keep every loaded fragment in memory. If this
	 * becomes too memory intensive, it may be best to switch to a
	 * {@link android.support.v13.app.FragmentStatePagerAdapter}.
	 */
	SectionsPagerAdapter mSectionsPagerAdapter;

	/**
	 * The {@link ViewPager} that will host the section contents.
	 */
	ViewPager mViewPager;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.calculator);

		//2
		//获取屏幕宽和高
		DisplayMetrics dm = getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
		int width = dm.widthPixels;
		int height= dm.heightPixels;
		
		gridLayout=(GridLayout)findViewById(R.id.root);
		for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
			Button bn=new Button(this); //定义按钮
			bn.setText(chars[i]);
			bn.setTextSize(30);
			bn.setWidth(width/3);  //设置按钮宽度
			bn.setPadding(5, 35, 5, 35);
			GridLayout.Spec rowSpec=GridLayout.spec(i/4+2);
			GridLayout.Spec columnSpec=GridLayout.spec(i%4);
			GridLayout.LayoutParams params=new GridLayout.LayoutParams(rowSpec, columnSpec); //设置布局参数
			params.setGravity(Gravity.FILL); //设置控件内文字对齐方式
			gridLayout.addView(bn, params);  //把按钮添加到布局中
		}
		
		//2
		
		// Create the adapter that will return a fragment for each of the three
//		// primary sections of the activity.
//		mSectionsPagerAdapter = new SectionsPagerAdapter(getFragmentManager());
//
//		// Set up the ViewPager with the sections adapter.
//		mViewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.pager);
//		mViewPager.setAdapter(mSectionsPagerAdapter);

	}