PAT 甲级 1069. The Black Hole of Numbers (20)

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-14 22:12:50 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-03-14 22:12:50 发布

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For any 4-digit integer except the ones with all the digits being the same, if we sort the digits in non-increasing order first, and then in non-decreasing order, a new number can be obtained by taking the second number from the first one. Repeat in this manner we will soon end up at the number 6174 -- the "black hole" of 4-digit numbers. This number is named Kaprekar Constant.

For example, start from 6767, we'll get:

7766 - 6677 = 1089
9810 - 0189 = 9621
9621 - 1269 = 8352
8532 - 2358 = 6174
7641 - 1467 = 6174
... ...

Given any 4-digit number, you are supposed to illustrate the way it gets into the black hole.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case which gives a positive integer N in the range (0, 10000).

Output Specification:

If all the 4 digits of N are the same, print in one line the equation "N - N = 0000". Else print each step of calculation in a line until 6174 comes out as the difference. All the numbers must be printed as 4-digit numbers.

Sample Input 1:

Sample Output 1:

7766 - 6677 = 1089
9810 - 0189 = 9621
9621 - 1269 = 8352
8532 - 2358 = 6174

Sample Input 2:

Sample Output 2:

2222 - 2222 = 0000

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <set>
using namespace std;
bool cmp(char a, char b) {
	return a > b;
}
int main() {
	string s;
	cin >> s;
	s.insert(0, 4 - s.length(), '0');
	do {
		string a = s, b = s;
		sort(a.begin(), a.end(),cmp);
		sort(b.begin(), b.end());
		int result = stoi(a) - stoi(b);
		s = to_string(result);
		s.insert(0, 4 - s.length(), '0');
		cout << a << " - " << b << " = " << s<<endl;
	} while (s != "6174"&&s != "0000");
	return 0;
}