NSString中的几个常用方法:
isEqualToString、还可以通过compare来比较两个字符串的顺序,如果第一个字符串小于第二个则结果是NSOrderedAscending,NSorderedSame相等,NSOrderedDescending第一个字符串大于第二个、caseInsensitiveCompare(不想进行大小写的敏感检查)、uppedcaseString、lowercaseString
字符串截取:
str2 = [str1 substringToIndex:5],如果str1为"Rangeor index out of bounds",则str2为Range
字符串查找:
rangngeOfString
str2 = [str1rangngeOfString:@"Sam"]; str2.location可以获得位置信息
NSString是不可修改的字符串,二NSMutableString是可修改的字符串
数组对象
不可变数组(NSArray)
在数组中的元素必须以nil结束,NSArray数组类上的方法有:
来个例子
//
// main.m
// test
//
// Created by Zeng on 13-5-24.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 zeng. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
NSArray *city = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"上海", @"广州", @"宁波", @"杭州", @"重庆", @"武汉", nil];
for (int i = 0; i < [city count]; i++) {
NSLog(@"%@", [city objectAtIndex:i]);
}
[pool release];
return 0;
}
常用的方法:
可变数组(NSMutableArray),他是NSArray的子类
对应于NSString和NSMutableString,NSMutableArray是可以动态管理数组的
常用方法有:
来个例子
使用sortUsingSelector+NSMutableArray再来一个例子
//
// main.m
// test
//
// Created by Zeng on 13-5-24.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 zeng. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Student.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
Student *stu1 = [[Student alloc] init];
Student *stu2 = [[Student alloc] init];
Student *stu3 = [[Student alloc] init];
[stu1 setName:@"Sam"];
[stu1 setAge:30];
[stu2 setName:@"Lee"];
[stu2 setAge:33];
[stu3 setName:@"Alex"];
[stu3 setAge:36];
NSMutableArray *students = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
[students addObject:stu1];
[students addObject:stu2];
[students addObject:stu3];
NSLog(@"排序前");
for (int i = 0; i < [students count]; i++) {
Student *stu4 = [students objectAtIndex:i];
NSLog(@"Name : %@, Age :%i", [stu4 name], [stu4 age]);
}
[students sortUsingSelector:@selector(compareName:)];
NSLog(@"排序后");
for (Student *stu4 in students) {
NSLog(@"Name : %@, Age : %i", [stu4 name], [stu4 age]);
}
[students release];
[stu3 release];
[stu2 release];
[stu1 release];
[pool release];
return 0;
}
常用方法:
字典对象(NSDictionary和NSMutableDictionary)
NSDictionary的作用同java中的字典类相同,提供了“键-值”对的集合
他的方法有:
例子:
//
// main.m
// test
//
// Created by Zeng on 13-5-24.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 zeng. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Student.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
NSDictionary *employees = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"曹操", @"1", @"孙权", @"2", @"刘备", @"3", nil];
NSString *firstEmployee = [employees objectForKey:@"1"];
NSLog(@"1 key for name is : %@", firstEmployee);
[pool release];
return 0;
}
同样的他也有可变的版本NSMutableDictionary:
例子呢:
//
// main.m
// test
//
// Created by Zeng on 13-5-24.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 zeng. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
NSMutableDictionary *student = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
[student setObject:@"历史上的曹操性格非常复杂,陈寿认为曹操在历史上明略最优,揽申、商之法术,该韩、白之奇策,官方授材,各因其器,矫情任算,不念旧恶" forKey:@"曹操"];
[student setObject:@"诸葛亮治国治军的才能,济世爱民,谦虚谨慎的品格为后世各种杰出任务树立了榜样" forKey:@"诸葛亮"];
[student setObject:@"陈寿对刘备的评价是:“弘毅宽厚,知人待士,盖有高祖之风,英雄之器焉。及其举国托孤于诸葛亮,而心神无二,诚君臣之至公,古今之盛轨也。机权干略,不逮威武,是以基宇亦狭”" forKey:@"刘备"];
NSLog(@"曹操:%@", [student objectForKey:@"曹操"]);
NSLog(@"诸葛亮:%@", [student objectForKey:@"诸葛亮"]);
NSLog(@"刘备:%@", [student objectForKey:@"刘备"]);
[pool release];
return 0;
}
他们俩的常用方法:
集合对象(NSSet)
集合对象是一组单值对象的组合,比如1个包含1到50个数字的集合。集合对象的操作包括搜索、添加、删除集合中的成员(可变集合的功能),比较两个集合,计算两个集合的交集和并集等
一个例子P199
//
// main.m
// test
//
// Created by Zeng on 13-5-24.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 zeng. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface NSSet (printInteger)
-(void) printSet;
@end
@implementation NSSet (printInteger)
-(void) printSet{
for (NSNumber *integer in self) {
printf("%li ", [integer integerValue]);
}
printf("\n");
}
@end
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
NSMutableSet *set1 = [NSMutableSet setWithObjects:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:1], [NSNumber numberWithInteger:3], [NSNumber numberWithInteger:5], nil];
NSMutableSet *set2 = [NSMutableSet setWithObjects:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:2], [NSNumber numberWithInteger:4], [NSNumber numberWithInteger:4], [NSNumber numberWithInteger:6], nil];
if ([set1 isEqualToSet:set2] == YES) {
NSLog(@"set1 == set2");
}else{
NSLog(@"set1 != set2");
}
if ([set1 containsObject:set2] == YES) {
NSLog(@"set1 包含 set2");
}else{
NSLog(@"set1 不包含 set2");
}
[set1 printSet];
[set1 addObject:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:6]];
[set1 removeObject:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:1]];
[set1 printSet];
[set1 intersectSet:set2];
[set1 printSet];
[set1 unionSet:set2];
[set1 printSet];
[pool release];
return 0;
}
在上面的程序中,演示了一些机会的常用方法,并未NSSet类添加了一个名为pintInteger的category。因为可变集合NSMutableSet是NSSet类的子类,所以NSMutableSet也拥有这个方法。
访问数组、字典和集合
方法1:
使用count和objectAtIndex:id
for(int i = 0; i < count; i++){
member = [array objecyAtIndex:i];
NSLog([member description]);
}
方法2,使用快速枚举,有点像foreach:
for(Member *member in array){
NSLog([member description]);
}
一个字段快速枚举的例子:
//
// main.m
// test
//
// Created by Zeng on 13-5-24.
// Copyright (c) 2013年 zeng. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
NSMutableDictionary *student = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
[student setObject:@"历史上的曹操性格非常复杂,陈寿认为曹操在历史上明略最优,揽申、商之法术,该韩、白之奇策,官方授材,各因其器,矫情任算,不念旧恶" forKey:@"曹操"];
[student setObject:@"诸葛亮治国治军的才能,济世爱民,谦虚谨慎的品格为后世各种杰出任务树立了榜样" forKey:@"诸葛亮"];
[student setObject:@"陈寿对刘备的评价是:“弘毅宽厚,知人待士,盖有高祖之风,英雄之器焉。及其举国托孤于诸葛亮,而心神无二,诚君臣之至公,古今之盛轨也。机权干略,不逮威武,是以基宇亦狭”" forKey:@"刘备"];
for (NSString *key in student) {
NSLog(@"%@ : %@", key, [student objectForKey:key]);
}
[student release];
[pool release];
return 0;
}