tcp是字节流,无边界,udp是消息,是有边界的。。就是udp返回的就是一个消息。。所以tcp会产生粘包问题。。
如何解决粘包问题,。。所以我们要在应用层维护消息与消息的边界。。比如说定长包,包尾加\r\n(ftp),包头加包体长度,更复杂的应用层协议。。
readn接受确切数据的读操作
cli:
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
#define ERR_EXIT(m) printf("error")
struct packet
{
int len;
char buf[1024];
};
ssize_t readn(int fd, void *buf, size_t count){
size_t nleft = count;//shen yu de zi jie shu
ssize_t nread;//yi jie shou de zijieshu
char *bufp = (char*)buf;
while(nleft > 0){
if(nread==read(fd, bufp, nleft) < 0){
if(errno == EINTR) continue;
return -1;
}else if(nread == 0){
return count - nleft;
}
bufp += nread;
nleft -= nread;
}
return count;
}
ssize_t writen(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count){
size_t nleft = count;
ssize_t nwrittern;
char *bufp = (char*)buf;
while(nleft > 0){
if((nwrittern = write(fd, bufp, nleft)) < 0){
if(errno == EINRT) continue;
return -1;
}else if(nwrittern == 0){
continue;
}
bufp += nwrittern;
nleft -= nwrittern;
}
return count;
}
int main(){
cout << "!!!Hello World!!!" << endl; // prints !!!Hello World!!!
int sock;
if ((sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0)
ERR_EXIT("socket");
struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port = htons(5188);
//servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
/*inet_aton("127.0.0.1", &servaddr.sin_addr);*/
if(connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0)
ERR_EXIT("connet");
struct packet sendbuf;
struct packet recvbuf;
memset(&sendbuf, 0, sizeof(sendbuf));
memset(&recvbuf, 0, sizeof(recvbuf));
char sendbuf[1024] = {0};
char recvbuf[1024] = {0};
int n;
while(fgets(sendbuf.buf, sizeof(sendbuf.buf), stdin) != NULL)
{
n = strlen(sendbuf.buf);
sendbuf.len = htonl(n);
writen(sock, &sendbuf, 4+n);
int ret = readn(sock, &recvbuf.len, 4);
if(ret == -1) ERR_EXIT("read");
else if(ret < 4){
printf("client_close\n");
break;
}
n = ntohl(recvbuf.len);
ret = readn(sock, recvbuf.buf, n);
if(ret == -1) ERR_EXIT("read");
else if(ret < n){
printf("client close \n");
break;
}
fputs(recvbuf.buf, stdout);//huishe
memset(sendbuf, 0, sizeof(sendbuf));
memset(recvbuf, 0, sizeof(recvbuf));
}
close(sock);
return 0;
}
sev:
/*
* socket03_echocli.cpp
*
* Created on: Oct 15, 2016
* Author: root
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
#define ERR_EXIT(m) printf("error")
struct packet{
int len;
char buf[1024];
};
ssize_t readn(int fd, void *buf, size_t count){
size_t nleft = count;//shen yu de zi jie shu
ssize_t nread;//yi jie shou de zijieshu
char *bufp = (char*)buf;
while(nleft > 0){
if(nread==read(fd, bufp, nleft) < 0){
if(errno == EINTR) continue;
return -1;
}else if(nread == 0){
return count - nleft;
}
bufp += nread;
nleft -= nread;
}
return count;
}
ssize_t writen(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count){
size_t nleft = count;
ssize_t nwrittern;
char *bufp = (char*)buf;
while(nleft > 0){
if((nwrittern = write(fd, bufp, nleft)) < 0){
if(errno == EINRT) continue;
return -1;
}else if(nwrittern == 0){
continue;
}
bufp += nwrittern;
nleft -= nwrittern;
}
return count;
}
void do_service(int conn){
struct packet recvbuf;
int n;
while(1){
memset(&recvbuf, 0, sizeof(recvbuf));
int ret = readn(conn, &recvbuf.len, 4);
if (ret < 4){
printf("client_close\n");
break;
}else if(ret == -1){
ERR_EXIT("read");
}
n = ntohl(recvbuf.len);
ret = readn(conn, recvbuf.buf, n);
if(ret == -1) ERR_EXIT("read");
else if(ret < n){
printf("close");
break;
}
fputs(recvbuf.buf, stdout);
write(conn, &recvbuf, 4+n);
}
}
int main(){
cout << "!!!Hello World!!!" << endl; // prints !!!Hello World!!!
int listenfd;
if ((listenfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0)
ERR_EXIT("socket");
struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port = htons(5188);
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
//servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
/*inet_aton("127.0.0.1", &servaddr.sin_addr);*/
if (bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0)
ERR_EXIT("bind");
if (listen(listenfd, SOMAXCONN) < 0)
ERR_EXIT("listen");
struct sockaddr_in peeraddr;
socklen_t peerlen = sizeof(peeraddr);
int conn;
pid_t pid;
while(1){
if ((conn = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&peeraddr, &peerlen)) < 0)
ERR_EXIT("accept");
printf("ip=%s port=%d\n", inet_ntoa(peeraddr.sin_addr), ntohs(peeraddr.sin_port));
pid = fork();
if (pid == -1){
ERR_EXIT("fork");
}
if (pid == 0){
close(listenfd);//zi jin cheng bu xu yao chu li jianting
do_service(conn);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}else
close(conn);
}
return 0;
}