Matlab_Vector

添加链接描述
向量（一维数组）

创建向量
使用linspace()创建向量
数学运算
应用函数
引用元素
连接向量
从向量中删除元素
重新排列元素
shift()
获取向量的大小
size()
length()
将向量转换为矩阵（将一维数组转换为多维数组）
norm

< Creating a vector >

 

Method 1 :  v = [ value value value value ...]

 

Ex)

Input

v = [ 1 2 4 7 2 1]

Output

v =

   1   2   4   7   2   1

 

 

Method 2 :  v = start:step:end

 

Ex)

Input

v=1:0.2:2

Output

v =

    1.0000    1.2000    1.4000    1.6000    1.8000    2.0000

 

 

< Creating a vector with linspace >

 

Method 1 :  v = linspace(start_value,end_value,num_of_data)

 

Ex)

Input

v = linspace(1,4,10)

Output

v =

   1.0000   1.3333   1.6667   2.0000   2.3333   2.6667   3.0000   3.3333   3.6667   4.0000

 

 

< Mathematical Operation >

 

Case 1 :  v = vector1 + vector2

 

Ex)

Input

v1=[1 2 3 4];

v2=[5 6 7 8];

v=v1 + v2

Output

v =

    6    8   10   12

 

 

Case 2 :  v = vector1 - vector2

 

Ex)

Input

v1=[1 2 3 4];

v2=[5 6 7 8];

v=v1 - v2

Output

v =

    -4    -4   -4   -4

 

 

Case 3 :  v = vector1 . vector2 (Inner Product)

 

Ex)

Input

v1=[1 2 3 4];

v2=[5 6 7 8];

v=v1 * v2' // Note : I put the transpose operator (') here. Try v = v1*v2 and see what happen.

Output

v =

    70

 

 

Case 4 :  v = vector1 x vector2 (multiplication of each elements)

 

Ex)

Input

v1=[1 2 3 4];

v2=[5 6 7 8];

v=v1 .* v2 // Note : I used .*, not * . Try v = v1*v2 and see what happen.

Output

v =

    5   12   21   32

 

 

Case 5 :  v = vector1 / vector2 (division of each elements)

 

Ex)

Input

v1=[1 2 3 4];

v2=[5 6 7 8];

v=v1 ./ v2 // Note : I used ./, not / 

Output

v =

     0.20000   0.33333   0.42857   0.50000

 

 

Case 6 :  v = scalar + vector2

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

s = 2;

v= s + v1 // Note : In this case, v = s .+ v1 will give the same result

Output

v =

     3   4   5   6

 

 

Case 7 :  v = scalar x vector2

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

s = 2;

v= s .* v1  // Note : In this case, v = s * v1 will give the same result

Output

v =

     2   4   6   8

 

 

< Applying functions >

 

Case 1 :  v = function(vector)

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

v= sin(v1) 

Output

v =

     0.84147   0.90930   0.14112  -0.75680

 

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

v= v1.^2 + 2 .* v1 + cos(v1)

Output

v =

     3.5403    7.5839   14.0100   23.3464

 

 

< Referencing the elements >

 

Case 1 :  v = vector (index)

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

v= v1(3)

Output

v =

     3

 

 

Case 2 :  v = vector ([index range])

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

v= v1([1:3])

Output

v =

     1 2 3

 

 

Case 3 :  v = vector ([index list])

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

v= v1([4 2 3])

Output

v =

     4 2 3

 

 

Case 4 :  v = vector (end)

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

v= v1(end)

Output

v =

     4

 

 

< Concatenating Vectors >

 

Case 1 :  v = [v1 v2] // All the logic is same

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

v2 =[5 6 7 8];

v= [v1 v2]

Output

v =

      1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8

 

 

Ex)

Input

v1 =[1 2 3 4];

v2 =[5 6 7 8];

v= [v1 v2 -v1]

Output

v =

      1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8  -1  -2  -3  -4

 

 

Ex)

Input

v=[];   // create a variable named 'v' and initialize it with an empty array

for i = 1:10

      v=[v i];

end

v

Output

v =

      1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10

 

 

< Removing/Deleing Elements >

 

Case 1 : Removing/Deleting one element from a Vector

 

Ex)

Input

v = [1 2 3 4 5];

v(3) = []

Output

v =

         1  2  4  5

 

 

Case 2 : Removing/Deleting multiple elements from a Vector

 

Ex)

Input

v = [1 2 3 4 5];

v([2 5]) = []

Output

v =

         1  3  4

 

 

 

< Rearranging Elements - shift() >

 

Case 1 : v = shift(vector,N) // Where N is a Positive Number

 

Ex)

Input

v1 = [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10];

v = shift(v1,3)

Output

v =

         8    9   10    1    2    3    4    5    6    7

 

 

Case 2 : v = shift(vector,N) // Where N is a Negative Number

 

Ex)

Input

v1 = [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10];

v = shift(v1,-3)

Output

v =

         4    5    6    7    8    9   10    1    2    3

 

 

< Getting the size of a vector : size() >

 

Case 1 : v = size(v) // returns number of cols and number of rows of v

 

Ex)

Input

t = 0:0.1:10;

size(t)

Output

ans =

     1   101

 

 

Case 2 : v = size(v,1) // returns the number of rows of v

 

Ex)

Input

t = 0:0.1:10;

size(t,1)

Output

ans =

     1  

 

 

Case 3 : v = size(v,2) // returns the number of rows of v

 

Ex)

Input

t = 0:0.1:10;

size(t,2)

Output

ans =

     101

 

 

< Getting the size of a vector : length() >

 

Case 1 : v = length(v) // returns number of elements of v

 

Ex)

Input

t = 0:0.1:10;

length(t)

Output

ans =

     101

 

 

 

< Converting a Vector into a Matrix (Converting one dimmensional array into multi dimensional array) >

 

Case 1 : v = reshape(vector,rows,cols)

 

Ex)

Input

v1 = [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10];

v = reshape(v1,2,5)  // Note : Number of matrix elements and Vector elements should be same

Output

v =

         1   2   3   4   5

         6   7   8   9  10

 

 

< norm >

 

Case 1 : v_n = norm(realvector);

 

Ex)

Input

r = [1 2 3 2 5];

r_n = norm(r);

Output

r_n =

      6.5574

 

norm() performs following procedure.

 


Input

r = [1 2 3 2 5];

r_n = sqrt(sum(abs(r).^2));

Output

r_n =

      6.5574

 

 

Case 2 : v_n = norm(complexvector);

 

Ex)

Input

c = [1+2*j  2+5*j  3+2*j  4-2*j];

c_n = norm(c);

Output

c_n =

      8.1854

 

norm() performs following procedure.

 


Input

c = [1 2 3 2 5];

c_n = sqrt(sum(abs(c).^2));

Output

c_n =

      8.1854```