两个线程交替打印1A2B3C...

使用synchronized

    public void demo1() {
        final Object o = new Object();
        char[] arr1 = "123456".toCharArray();
        char[] arr2 = "ABCDEF".toCharArray();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                synchronized (o) {
                    for (char c: arr1) {
                        System.out.print(c);
                        try {
                            o.notify();
                            o.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                    o.notify();
                }
            }
        });
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                synchronized (o) {
                    for (char c: arr2) {
                        System.out.print(c);
                        try {
                            o.notify();
                            o.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                    o.notify();
                }
            }
        });
        t1.start();
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        t2.start();
    }

使用Lock

    public void demo2() {
        char[] arr1 = "123456".toCharArray();
        char[] arr2 = "ABCDEF".toCharArray();
        Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
        Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                lock.lock();
                try {
                    for (char c: arr1) {
                        System.out.println(c);
                        //  调用该方法将线程从等待队列移动到阻塞队列里，然后再去获取锁
                        condition2.signal();
                        //  该方法会释放当前线程所占用的锁
                        condition1.await();
                    }
                    condition2.signal();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
        });
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                lock.lock();
                try {
                    for (char c: arr2) {
                        System.out.println(c);
                        condition1.signal();
                        condition2.await();
                    }
                    condition1.signal();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            }
        });
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }

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