一、话说直线拟合
霍夫直线检测容易受到线段形状与噪声的干扰而失真,这个时候我们需要另辟蹊径,通过对图像进行二值分析,提取骨架,对骨架像素点拟合生成直线,这种做法在一些场景下非常有效,而且效果还比较好。前面已经讲过霍夫变换,这里就不再叙述,直接上干货。
二、距离变换
距离变换是二值图像处理与操作中常用手段,在骨架提取,图像窄化中常有应用。距离变换的结果是得到一张与输入图像类似的灰度图像,但是灰度值只出现在前景区域。并且越远离背景边缘的像素灰度值越大。OpenCV中距离变换的函数如下:
void distanceTransform( InputArray src, OutputArray dst, int distanceType, int maskSize, int dstType=CV_32F);@param src 8-bit, single-channel (binary) source image.
@param dst Output image with calculated distances. It is a 8-bit or 32-bit floating-point,single-channel image of the same size as src .
@param distanceType Type of distance, see cv::DistanceTypes
@param maskSize Size of the distance transform mask, see cv::DistanceTransformMasks. In case of the
DIST_L1 or DIST_C distance type, the parameter is forced to 3 because a \f$3\times 3\f$ mask gives
the same result as \f$5\times 5\f$ or any larger aperture.
@param dstType Type of output image. It can be CV_8U or CV_32F. Type CV_8U can be used only for
the first variant of the function and distanceType == DIST_L1.
DIST_L1、DIST_L2、DIST_C计算像素距离方式如下: