有如下原始数据x,y,它对应的曲线图形为:
-9552 | -2036.81 |
-9328 | -2025.62 |
-9168 | -2014.43 |
-9024 | -2003.25 |
-8928 | -1992.06 |
-8800 | -1980.87 |
-8688 | -1969.68 |
-8592 | -1958.49 |
-8496 | -1947.3 |
-8416 | -1936.11 |
-8336 | -1924.93 |
-8240 | -1913.74 |
-8112 | -1902.55 |
-8016 | -1891.36 |
-7920 | -1880.17 |
-7824 | -1868.98 |
-7744 | -1857.8 |
-7648 | -1846.61 |
-7552 | -1835.42 |
-7472 | -1824.23 |
-7392 | -1813.04 |
-7328 | -1801.85 |
-7248 | -1790.66 |
-7136 | -1779.48 |
-7072 | -1768.29 |
-7008 | -1757.1 |
-6944 | -1745.91 |
-6896 | -1734.72 |
-6848 | -1723.53 |
-6752 | -1712.34 |
-6688 | -1701.16 |
-6592 | -1689.97 |
-6512 | -1678.78 |
-6400 | -1667.59 |
-6288 | -1656.4 |
-6192 | -1645.21 |
-6096 | -1634.02 |
-6016 | -1622.84 |
-5920 | -1611.65 |
-5840 | -1600.46 |
-5744 | -1589.27 |
-5664 | -1578.08 |
-5568 | -1566.89 |
-5504 | -1555.7 |
-5440 | -1544.52 |
-5360 | -1533.33 |
-5280 | -1522.14 |
-5168 | -1510.95 |
-5088 | -1499.76 |
-5024 | -1488.57 |
-4960 | -1477.39 |
-4896 | -1466.2 |
-4848 | -1455.01 |
-4800 | -1443.82 |
-4720 | -1432.63 |
-4656 | -1421.44 |
-4592 | -1410.25 |
-4512 | -1399.07 |
-4448 | -1387.88 |
-4400 | -1376.69 |
-4336 | -1365.5 |
-4304 | -1354.31 |
-4272 | -1343.12 |
-4208 | -1331.93 |
-4144 | -1320.75 |
-4096 | -1309.56 |
-4048 | -1298.37 |
-3984 | -1287.18 |
-3952 | -1275.99 |
-3888 | -1264.8 |
-3824 | -1253.61 |
-3776 | -1242.43 |
-3712 | -1231.24 |
-3680 | -1220.05 |
-3632 | -1208.86 |
-3584 | -1197.67 |
-3504 | -1186.48 |
-3456 | -1175.3 |
-3408 | -1164.11 |
-3360 | -1152.92 |
-3328 | -1141.73 |
-3296 | -1130.54 |
-3264 | -1119.35 |
-3200 | -1108.16 |
-3152 | -1096.98 |
-3120 | -1085.79 |
-3072 | -1074.6 |
-3024 | -1063.41 |
-2992 | -1052.22 |
-2928 | -1041.03 |
-2880 | -1029.84 |
-2832 | -1018.66 |
-2816 | -1007.47 |
-2768 | -996.279 |
-2720 | -985.09 |
-2688 | -973.902 |
-2656 | -962.713 |
-2624 | -951.525 |
-2576 | -940.336 |
-2544 | -929.148 |
-2512 | -917.959 |
-2480 | -906.77 |
-2432 | -895.582 |
-2416 | -884.393 |
-2368 | -873.205 |
-2336 | -862.016 |
-2320 | -850.828 |
-2272 | -839.639 |
-2224 | -828.451 |
-2192 | -817.262 |
-2160 | -806.074 |
-2144 | -794.885 |
-2112 | -783.697 |
-2080 | -772.508 |
-2032 | -761.32 |
-2000 | -750.131 |
-1984 | -738.943 |
-1952 | -727.754 |
-1936 | -716.566 |
-1904 | -705.377 |
-1888 | -694.189 |
-1856 | -683 |
-1824 | -671.811 |
-1792 | -660.623 |
-1760 | -649.434 |
-1744 | -638.246 |
-1712 | -627.057 |
-1696 | -615.869 |
-1680 | -604.68 |
-1648 | -593.492 |
-1616 | -582.303 |
-1584 | -571.115 |
-1568 | -559.926 |
-1552 | -548.738 |
-1536 | -537.549 |
-1504 | -526.361 |
-1488 | -515.172 |
-1472 | -503.984 |
-1456 | -492.795 |
-1440 | -481.607 |
-1408 | -470.418 |
-1392 | -459.23 |
-1376 | -448.041 |
-1344 | -436.852 |
-1312 | -425.664 |
-1296 | -414.475 |
-1296 | -403.287 |
-1248 | -392.098 |
-1232 | -380.91 |
-1216 | -369.721 |
-1216 | -358.533 |
-1184 | -347.344 |
-1168 | -336.156 |
-1136 | -324.967 |
-1120 | -313.779 |
-1104 | -302.59 |
-1088 | -291.402 |
-1072 | -280.213 |
-1040 | -269.025 |
-1024 | -257.836 |
-1008 | -246.648 |
-992 | -235.459 |
-976 | -224.27 |
-944 | -213.082 |
-944 | -201.893 |
-912 | -190.705 |
-896 | -179.516 |
-880 | -168.328 |
-880 | -157.139 |
-848 | -145.951 |
-848 | -134.762 |
-832 | -123.574 |
-800 | -112.385 |
-768 | -101.197 |
-752 | -90.0082 |
-752 | -78.8197 |
-736 | -67.6311 |
-704 | -56.4426 |
-688 | -45.2541 |
-656 | -34.0656 |
-656 | -22.877 |
-624 | -11.6885 |
-608 | -0.5 |
-608 | 10.68852 |
-576 | 21.87705 |
-560 | 33.06557 |
-544 | 44.2541 |
-528 | 55.44262 |
-528 | 66.63115 |
-496 | 77.81967 |
-464 | 89.0082 |
-448 | 100.1967 |
-432 | 111.3852 |
-416 | 122.5738 |
-400 | 133.7623 |
-384 | 144.9508 |
-352 | 156.1393 |
-336 | 167.3279 |
-320 | 178.5164 |
-304 | 189.7049 |
-272 | 200.8934 |
-256 | 212.082 |
-240 | 223.2705 |
-208 | 234.459 |
-208 | 245.6475 |
-192 | 256.8361 |
-160 | 268.0246 |
-128 | 279.2131 |
-112 | 290.4016 |
-96 | 301.5902 |
-80 | 312.7787 |
-48 | 323.9672 |
-32 | 335.1557 |
0 | 346.3443 |
32 | 357.5328 |
48 | 368.7213 |
80 | 379.9098 |
112 | 391.0984 |
128 | 402.2869 |
144 | 413.4754 |
176 | 424.6639 |
192 | 435.8525 |
208 | 447.041 |
240 | 458.2295 |
272 | 469.418 |
288 | 480.6066 |
320 | 491.7951 |
336 | 502.9836 |
368 | 514.1721 |
400 | 525.3607 |
416 | 536.5492 |
448 | 547.7377 |
480 | 558.9262 |
512 | 570.1148 |
544 | 581.3033 |
576 | 592.4918 |
608 | 603.6803 |
640 | 614.8689 |
656 | 626.0574 |
688 | 637.2459 |
720 | 648.4344 |
752 | 659.623 |
784 | 670.8115 |
816 | 682 |
848 | 693.1885 |
880 | 704.377 |
912 | 715.5656 |
944 | 726.7541 |
976 | 737.9426 |
1008 | 749.1311 |
1056 | 760.3197 |
1088 | 771.5082 |
1104 | 782.6967 |
1152 | 793.8852 |
1184 | 805.0738 |
1216 | 816.2623 |
1248 | 827.4508 |
1280 | 838.6393 |
1312 | 849.8279 |
1344 | 861.0164 |
1392 | 872.2049 |
1424 | 883.3934 |
1472 | 894.582 |
1504 | 905.7705 |
1552 | 916.959 |
1584 | 928.1475 |
1632 | 939.3361 |
1680 | 950.5246 |
1728 | 961.7131 |
1776 | 972.9016 |
1824 | 984.0902 |
1856 | 995.2787 |
1904 | 1006.467 |
1952 | 1017.656 |
2000 | 1028.844 |
2048 | 1040.033 |
2096 | 1051.221 |
2128 | 1062.41 |
2176 | 1073.598 |
2224 | 1084.787 |
2288 | 1095.975 |
2320 | 1107.164 |
2384 | 1118.352 |
2432 | 1129.541 |
2480 | 1140.73 |
2544 | 1151.918 |
2576 | 1163.107 |
2640 | 1174.295 |
2704 | 1185.484 |
2752 | 1196.672 |
2800 | 1207.861 |
2864 | 1219.049 |
2912 | 1230.238 |
2960 | 1241.426 |
3008 | 1252.615 |
3072 | 1263.803 |
3136 | 1274.992 |
3200 | 1286.18 |
3264 | 1297.369 |
3328 | 1308.557 |
3392 | 1319.746 |
3440 | 1330.934 |
3520 | 1342.123 |
3584 | 1353.311 |
3648 | 1364.5 |
3712 | 1375.689 |
3776 | 1386.877 |
3856 | 1398.066 |
3920 | 1409.254 |
3984 | 1420.443 |
4032 | 1431.631 |
4128 | 1442.82 |
4192 | 1454.008 |
4272 | 1465.197 |
4320 | 1476.385 |
4400 | 1487.574 |
4464 | 1498.762 |
4544 | 1509.951 |
4608 | 1521.139 |
4704 | 1532.328 |
4752 | 1543.516 |
4832 | 1554.705 |
4896 | 1565.893 |
4960 | 1577.082 |
5040 | 1588.27 |
5120 | 1599.459 |
5184 | 1610.648 |
5264 | 1621.836 |
5328 | 1633.025 |
5392 | 1644.213 |
5472 | 1655.402 |
5520 | 1666.59 |
5616 | 1677.779 |
5696 | 1688.967 |
5776 | 1700.156 |
5840 | 1711.344 |
5904 | 1722.533 |
6000 | 1733.721 |
6064 | 1744.91 |
6144 | 1756.098 |
6208 | 1767.287 |
6272 | 1778.475 |
6352 | 1789.664 |
6400 | 1800.852 |
6480 | 1812.041 |
6528 | 1823.23 |
6592 | 1834.418 |
6672 | 1845.607 |
6736 | 1856.795 |
6800 | 1867.984 |
6864 | 1879.172 |
6928 | 1890.361 |
6992 | 1901.549 |
7040 | 1912.738 |
7104 | 1923.926 |
7152 | 1935.115 |
7184 | 1946.303 |
7248 | 1957.492 |
7280 | 1968.68 |
7328 | 1979.869 |
7376 | 1991.057 |
7408 | 2002.246 |
7456 | 2013.434 |
7488 | 2024.623 |
7536 | 2035.811 |
7568 | 2047 |
如果想得到该曲线的函数表达式(多项式拟合的表达式),在Excel 自带图表工具中可以能过为曲线加趋势线方式实现:
选择多项式,调整阶数让拟合后在结果与原始曲线尽量重合,并勾选显示公式:
EXCEL趋势曲线多项式最高的阶数是6阶,但是实际效果与原始数据相差还是较大,看到是我们数据太复杂,EXCEL也无能为力了,这时也只能请出强大的matlab来解决,把上述原始数据保存于EXCEL中,并强excel文件(.xls/xlsx)保存于matlab工作目录下,然后运行如下代码(可以把下面代码保存为.m文件,然后运行):
% 清屏,清除变量
clear,clc,close all
% 从excel中得到数据
x = xlsread('test.xlsx');
% 数据转置
x = x';
% 画出原始数据
plot(x(1,:),x(2,:),'r');
% 多项式拟合,如果拟合效果不好,可以得高多项式的阶数,也就是下面最后一个参数,多项式越高,计算量就越大,
% P是多项式的表达式
[p,s]=polyfit(x(1,:),x(2,:),15); % 15是多项式阶数
% 用上面拟合出的多项式计算对应的结果及与原始数据的偏差
[y_fit,DELTA]=polyval(p,x(1,:),s);
% 画出拟合后的结果
hold on
plot(x(1,:),y_fit,'b');
% 给曲线加标注
legend('原始曲线','拟合后曲线');
% 显示多项式各阶系数
p
4阶多项式拟合效果:
6阶多项式拟合效果:
10阶多项式拟合效果:
15阶多项式拟合效果:
20阶多项式拟合效果:
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