x86内核


Linux version 2.6.26 (root@hbw123) (gcc version 4.1.2) #6 SMP Wed Mar 24 13:44:38 CST 2010
PAT disabled. Not yet verified on this CPU type.
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
 BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable)
 BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)
 BIOS-e820: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)
 BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 000000001bff0000 (usable)
 BIOS-e820: 000000001bff0000 - 000000001c000000 (reserved)
 BIOS-e820: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fec01000 (reserved)
 BIOS-e820: 00000000fecc0000 - 00000000fecc1000 (reserved)
 BIOS-e820: 00000000fee00000 - 00000000fee01000 (reserved)
 BIOS-e820: 00000000ffb00000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)
0MB HIGHMEM available.
447MB LOWMEM available.
found SMP MP-table at [c00ff780] 000ff780
Entering add_active_range(0, 0, 114672) 0 entries of 256 used
Zone PFN ranges:
  DMA             0 ->     4096
  Normal       4096 ->   114672
  HighMem    114672 ->   114672
Movable zone start PFN for each node
early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges
    0:        0 ->   114672
On node 0 totalpages: 114672
  DMA zone: 32 pages used for memmap
  DMA zone: 0 pages reserved
  DMA zone: 4064 pages, LIFO batch:0
  Normal zone: 864 pages used for memmap
  Normal zone: 109712 pages, LIFO batch:31
  HighMem zone: 0 pages used for memmap
  Movable zone: 0 pages used for memmap
DMI present.
Using APIC driver default
Intel MultiProcessor Specification v1.1
    Virtual Wire compatibility mode.
MPTABLE: OEM ID: TEMPLATE Product ID: ETEMPLATE    <6>MPTABLE: Product ID: ETEMPLATE    <6>MPTABLE: APIC at: 0xFEE00000
Processor #0 (Bootup-CPU)
I/O APIC #1 Version 3 at 0xFEC00000.
I/O APIC #2 Version 3 at 0xFECC0000.
Enabling APIC mode:  Flat.  Using 2 I/O APICs
Processors: 1
Allocating PCI resources starting at 20000000 (gap: 1c000000:e2c00000)
SMP: Allowing 1 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs
PERCPU: Allocating 38312 bytes of per cpu data
NR_CPUS: 2, nr_cpu_ids: 1
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 113776
Kernel command line: video=vesafb:ywrap,mtrr vga=788 pci=noacpi quiet initrd=initrd.gz pci=noacpi probe_mask=0x3f BOOT_IMAGE=bzImage.new
mapped APIC to ffffb000 (fee00000)
mapped IOAPIC to ffffa000 (fec00000)
mapped IOAPIC to ffff9000 (fecc0000)
Enabling fast FPU save and restore... done.
Enabling unmasked SIMD FPU exception support... done.
Initializing CPU#0
PID hash table entries: 2048 (order: 11, 8192 bytes)
Detected 997.532 MHz processor.
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
console [tty0] enabled
Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
Memory: 447612k/458688k available (2445k kernel code, 10608k reserved, 1636k data, 212k init, 0k highmem)
virtual kernel memory layout:
    fixmap  : 0xfff9f000 - 0xfffff000   ( 384 kB)
    pkmap   : 0xff800000 - 0xffc00000   (4096 kB)
    vmalloc : 0xdc800000 - 0xff7fe000   ( 559 MB)
    lowmem  : 0xc0000000 - 0xdbff0000   ( 447 MB)
      .init : 0xc0504000 - 0xc0539000   ( 212 kB)
      .data : 0xc03637c1 - 0xc04fc830   (1636 kB)
      .text : 0xc0100000 - 0xc03637c1   (2445 kB)
Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...Ok.
CPA: page pool initialized 1 of 1 pages preallocated
SLUB: Genslabs=12, HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 1997.03 BogoMIPS (lpj=3994067)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: L1 I Cache: 64K (64 bytes/line), D cache 64K (64 bytes/line)
CPU: L2 Cache: 128K (64 bytes/line)
Checking 'hlt' instruction... OK.
SMP alternatives: switching to UP code
Freeing SMP alternatives: 13k freed
ExtINT not setup in hardware but reported by MP table
ENABLING IO-APIC IRQs
..TIMER: vector=0x31 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=0 pin2=0
CPU0: Centaur VIA Eden Processor 1000MHz stepping 00
Brought up 1 CPUs
Total of 1 processors activated (1997.03 BogoMIPS).
net_namespace: 200 bytes
NET: Registered protocol family 16
PCI: PCI BIOS revision 3.00 entry at 0xf0031, last bus=4
PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access
Setting up standard PCI resources
SCSI subsystem initialized
libata version 3.00 loaded.
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
PCI: Probing PCI hardware
PCI: Probing PCI hardware (bus 00)
PCI: Using IRQ router default [1106/8353] at 0000:00:11.0
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:01.0[A] -> IRQ 16
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:02.0[A] -> IRQ 27
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:03.0[A] -> IRQ 31
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:03.1[B] -> IRQ 39
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:0c.0[A] -> IRQ 22
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:0d.0[A] -> IRQ 23
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:10.0[A] -> IRQ 20
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:10.1[B] -> IRQ 22
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:10.2[C] -> IRQ 21
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:10.4[D] -> IRQ 23
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:00:14.0[A] -> IRQ 17
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:04:04.0[A] -> IRQ 16
PCI->APIC IRQ transform: 0000:04:05.0[A] -> IRQ 17
PCI: Bridge: 0000:00:02.0
  IO window: disabled.
  MEM window: disabled.
  PREFETCH window: disabled.
PCI: Bridge: 0000:00:03.0
  IO window: disabled.
  MEM window: disabled.
  PREFETCH window: disabled.
PCI: Bridge: 0000:00:03.1
  IO window: disabled.
  MEM window: disabled.
  PREFETCH window: disabled.
PCI: Bridge: 0000:00:13.0
  IO window: e000-efff
  MEM window: 0xfeb00000-0xfebfffff
  PREFETCH window: disabled.
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:02.0 to 64
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:03.0 to 64
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:03.1 to 64
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:13.0 to 64
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384)
TCP reno registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
checking if image is initramfs... it is
Freeing initrd memory: 1584k freed
msgmni has been set to 877
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
pci 0000:00:01.0: Boot video device
PCI: VIA PCI bridge detected.Disabling DAC.
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:02.0 to 64
assign_interrupt_mode Found MSI capability
Allocate Port Service[0000:00:02.0:pcie00]
Allocate Port Service[0000:00:02.0:pcie02]
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:03.0 to 64
assign_interrupt_mode Found MSI capability
Allocate Port Service[0000:00:03.0:pcie00]
Allocate Port Service[0000:00:03.0:pcie02]
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:03.1 to 64
assign_interrupt_mode Found MSI capability
Allocate Port Service[0000:00:03.1:pcie00]
Allocate Port Service[0000:00:03.1:pcie02]
vesafb: framebuffer at 0xcc000000, mapped to 0xdc880000, using 1875k, total 32768k
vesafb: mode is 800x600x16, linelength=1600, pages=33
vesafb: protected mode interface info at c000:88e7
vesafb: pmi: set display start = c00c8935, set palette = c00c89ca
vesafb: scrolling: ywrap using protected mode interface, yres_virtual=1200
vesafb: Truecolor: size=0:5:6:5, shift=0:11:5:0
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 100x37
fb0: VESA VGA frame buffer device
VIA RNG detected
Linux agpgart interface v0.103
Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 12 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
serial8250: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS1 at I/O 0x2f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS2 at I/O 0x3e8 (irq = 3) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS3 at I/O 0xb60 (irq = 3) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS4 at I/O 0xb58 (irq = 5) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS5 at I/O 0xb50 (irq = 5) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS6 at I/O 0xb20 (irq = 11) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS7 at I/O 0xb28 (irq = 11) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS8 at I/O 0xb30 (irq = 11) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS9 at I/O 0xb38 (irq = 11) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS10 at I/O 0xb40 (irq = 10) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS11 at I/O 0xb48 (irq = 10) is a 16550A
floppy0: no floppy controllers found
brd: module loaded
loop: module loaded
vcan: Virtual CAN interface driver
via-rhine.c:v1.10-LK1.4.3 2007-03-06 Written by Donald Becker
eth0: VIA Rhine III at 0xfebffc00, 00:90:0b:14:02:7a, IRQ 16.
eth0: MII PHY found at address 1, status 0x7849 advertising 05e1 Link 0000.
eth1: VIA Rhine III at 0xfebff800, 00:90:0b:14:02:7b, IRQ 17.
eth1: MII PHY found at address 1, status 0x7849 advertising 05e1 Link 0000.
PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
PPP Deflate Compression module registered
NET: Registered protocol family 24
Linux video capture interface: v2.00
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver
ide: Assuming 33MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
VP_IDE: IDE controller (0x1106:0x5324 rev 0x00) at  PCI slot 0000:00:0f.0
VP_IDE: not 100% native mode: will probe irqs later
VP_IDE: VIA vx800 (rev 00) IDE UDMA133 controller on pci0000:00:0f.0
    ide0: BM-DMA at 0xfc00-0xfc07
    ide1: BM-DMA at 0xfc08-0xfc0f
Probing IDE interface ide0...
Probing IDE interface ide1...
hdc: PQI IDE DiskOnModule, ATA DISK drive
hdc: host max PIO5 wanted PIO255(auto-tune) selected PIO4
hdc: MWDMA2 mode selected
ide0 at 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6 on irq 14
ide1 at 0x170-0x177,0x376 on irq 15
ide_generic: please use "probe_mask=0x3f" module parameter for probing all legacy ISA IDE ports
ide_generic: I/O resource 0x1F0-0x1F7 not free.
ide_generic: I/O resource 0x170-0x177 not free.
hdc: max request size: 128KiB
hdc: 4095504 sectors (2096 MB) w/0KiB Cache, CHS=4063/16/63
 hdc: hdc1 hdc3 hdc4
Driver 'sd' needs updating - please use bus_type methods
ieee1394: raw1394: /dev/raw1394 device initialized
ehci_hcd 0000:00:10.4: EHCI Host Controller
ehci_hcd 0000:00:10.4: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
ehci_hcd 0000:00:10.4: debug port 1
ehci_hcd 0000:00:10.4: irq 23, io mem 0xfeaeec00
ehci_hcd 0000:00:10.4: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00, driver 10 Dec 2004
usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 6 ports detected
ohci_hcd: 2006 August 04 USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver v3.0
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.0: UHCI Host Controller
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.0: irq 20, io base 0x0000d880
usb usb2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 2-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.1: UHCI Host Controller
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.1: irq 22, io base 0x0000d800
usb usb3: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 3-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.2: UHCI Host Controller
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4
uhci_hcd 0000:00:10.2: irq 21, io base 0x0000d480
usb usb4: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 4-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
usb 1-5: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 2
Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
usb 1-5: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
USB Mass Storage support registered.
serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1
serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0
rtc0: alarms up to one day
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
usbhid: v2.6:USB HID core driver
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.16.
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:14.0 to 64
PCI: Disallowing DAC for device 0000:00:14.0
hda_codec: Unknown model for ALC883, trying auto-probe from BIOS...
ALSA device list:
  #0: HDA VIA VT82xx at 0xfeae8000 irq 17
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
can: controller area network core (rev 20071116 abi 8)
NET: Registered protocol family 29
can: raw protocol (rev 20071116)
can: broadcast manager protocol (rev 20080415)
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
Using IPI No-Shortcut mode
rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: setting system clock to 2010-04-03 20:38:28 UTC (1270327108)
Freeing unused kernel memory: 212k freed
kjournald starting.  Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3 FS on hdc4, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
kjournald starting.  Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3 FS on hdc3, internal journal
EXT3-fs: recovery complete.
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
EXT3 FS on hdc3, internal journal
kjournald starting.  Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3 FS on hdc4, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
eth0: link down
usb 3-1: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 2
usb 3-1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 3-1:1.0: USB hub found
hub 3-1:1.0: 3 ports detected
usb 3-1.1: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 3
usb 3-1.1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
input: Lite-On Technology USB Productivity Option Keyboard( has the hub in # 1 ) as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:10.1/usb3/3-1/3-1.1/3-1.1:1.0/input/input0
input: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [Lite-On Technology USB Productivity Option Keyboard( has the hub in # 1 )] on usb-0000:00:10.1-1.1
input: Lite-On Technology USB Productivity Option Keyboard( has the hub in # 1 ) as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:10.1/usb3/3-1/3-1.1/3-1.1:1.1/input/input1
input: USB HID v1.10 Device [Lite-On Technology USB Productivity Option Keyboard( has the hub in # 1 )] on usb-0000:00:10.1-1.1
eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x45E1
kjournald starting.  Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3-fs warning: maximal mount count reached, running e2fsck is recommended
EXT3 FS on hdc1, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
hda-intel: Invalid position buffer, using LPIB read method instead.

 

  入门手抄本BIOS

PAT(Performance Acceleration


Technology)是Intel为其875芯

片组推出的性能加速技术,它可

以减少芯片组内部FSB (前端总

线)和系统内存之间的存取延迟,

开启PAT 功能后的主板可获得3%
到5 %的性能提升。不同的主板厂
商,开启此功能的BIOS 设置项不
尽相同,某些865 主板也提供了相
应的设置选项。将其设置为
“Enabled ”表示开启PAT 功能,
“Disabled”表示禁用,推荐选择
“Auto”让系统自动设置(图28)。

 

PQI 2G 固态电子盘

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