netty学习01-基本代码结构

1.加载netty依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.39.Final</version>
</dependency>

2.服务器端程序编写

public class MyServer2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //负责接收客户端的连接请求
        EventLoopGroup boosGroup=new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        //负责接收客户端读写请求
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup=new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(boosGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new LoggingHandler())
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
                            //解码器
                            pipeline.addLast(new LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder(Integer.MAX_VALUE, 0, 4, 0, 4));
                            //编码器
                            pipeline.addLast(new LengthFieldPrepender(4));
                            pipeline.addLast(new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
                            pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
                            pipeline.addLast(new MyServerHandler());
                        }
                    });

            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind(9872).sync();
            System.out.println("系统启动成功！！！");
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
            System.out.println("系统执行完成！！！");
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            boosGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}


public class MyServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {

    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress()+":"+msg);
//        ctx.writeAndFlush("from server:"+UUID.randomUUID());
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

3.客户端程序编写

public class MyClient2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup group=new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap boot = new Bootstrap();
            boot.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ChannelPipeline pipeline=ch.pipeline();
                            pipeline.addLast(new LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder(Integer.MAX_VALUE,0,4,0,4));
                            pipeline.addLast(new LengthFieldPrepender(4));
                            pipeline.addLast(new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
                            pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
                            pipeline.addLast(new MyClientHandler());
                        }
                    });

            ChannelFuture channelFuture = boot.connect("localhost", 9872).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}


public class MyClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
    /**
     *
     * @param ctx 上下文请求对象
     * @param msg 表示服务端发来的消息
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
        /*System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
        System.out.println("client 输出:"+msg);
        ctx.writeAndFlush("来自 client："+ LocalDateTime.now());*/
    }


    /**
     * 如果没有这个方法，Client并不会主动发消息给Server
     * 那么Server的channelRead0无法触发，导致Client的channelRead0也无法触发
     * 这个channelActive可以让Client连接后，发送一条消息
     * @param ctx
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.writeAndFlush("hello world");
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

上述代码基本是netty开发的模板代码，只是在需要不同的功能时，需要自定义符合业务逻辑的Handler ，如MyClientHandler 。