http协议底层是 TCP/IP ,把TCP比作汽车,用TCP给浏览器和服务器之间运输数据,它很可靠,从不会发生数据丢失现象,但是如果路上跑的全是一模一样的TCP车辆,那这个世界就非常混乱,整个系统就会瘫痪。为了避免这种情况发生,http 定义了交通规则,给汽车运输设定了好几个服务类别,有 GET、 POST、 PUT、 DELETE 等等。它们的作用分别为:
GET:从服务器上获取数据,仅仅查询服务器上的数据,不进行修改。
POST:向指定资源提交数据进行处理请求(例如提交表单或者上传文件)。数据被包含在请求体中。POST 请求可能会导致新的资源的建立和/或已有资源的修改。
PUT:从客户端向服务器传送的数据,也就是添加数据。
DELETE:字面意思删除,客户端请求服务器删除指定的内容。
应用程序中使用HTTP协议和服务器交互主要是进行数据的上传与下载,最常见的方式是通过 GET 和 POST 两种方式来完成。
一、Post方式进行数据交互
post更安全;post可以发送更大数据;post能发送更多数据类型。
/// <summary>
/// HTTP POST方式请求数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">URL.</param>
/// <param name="param">POST的数据</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string HttpPost(string url, string param)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Accept = "*/*";
request.Timeout = 15000;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
StreamWriter requestStream = null;
WebResponse response = null;
string responseStr = null;
try
{
requestStream = new StreamWriter(request.GetRequestStream());
requestStream.Write(param);
requestStream.Close();
response = request.GetResponse();
if (response != null)
{
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
responseStr = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;
}
finally
{
request = null;
requestStream = null;
response = null;
}
return responseStr;
}
二、Get方式进行数据交互
get一般用于分享搜索筛选之类操作。
/// <summary>
/// HTTP GET方式请求数据.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">URL.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string HttpGet(string url)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "GET";
//request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Accept = "*/*";
request.Timeout = 15000;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
WebResponse response = null;
string responseStr = null;
try
{
response = request.GetResponse();
if (response != null)
{
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
responseStr = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;
}
finally
{
request = null;
response = null;
}
return responseStr;
}
三、执行URL获取页面内容
/// <summary>
/// 执行URL获取页面内容
/// </summary>
public static string UrlExecute(string urlPath)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(urlPath))
{
return "error";
}
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
try
{
HttpContext.Current.Server.Execute(urlPath, sw);
return sw.ToString();
}
catch (Exception)
{
return "error";
}
finally
{
sw.Close();
sw.Dispose();
}
}