linux虚拟机重新分配硬盘空间

虚拟机创建后home文件占据大量磁盘，但是平时又不在home中存储文件，因此需要把home中的部分空间分配给root（数据基本上都在root）

虚拟机原始内存分布

查看虚拟机磁盘分布
[root@data ~]# df -lh
--返回： 
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G   12M  3.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G  8.1G   42G  17% /
/dev/sda1               1014M  150M  865M  15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home   32G   33M   32G   1% /home
tmpfs                    781M     0  781M   0% /run/user/0

备份home分区所有文件

[root@data ~]# tar cvf /tmp/home.tar /home
--卸载/home，如果无法卸载，先终止使用/home文件系统的进程--
--最好重启虚拟机，使得虚拟机处于初始状态--
--返回：
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
/home/
/home/zhaozuozuo/
/home/zhaozuozuo/.bash_logout
/home/zhaozuozuo/.bash_profile
/home/zhaozuozuo/.bashrc

卸载home分区

[root@data ~]# yum install psmisc
 --防止fuser不能用
返回：
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
base                                                          | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                        | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-connectors-community                                    | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-tools-community                                         | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
mysql56-community                                             | 2.6 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                       | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-17.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=====================================================================================
 Package           Arch              Version                   Repository       Size
=====================================================================================
Installing:
 psmisc            x86_64            22.20-17.el7              base            141 k

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 141 k
Installed size: 475 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64.rpm                                | 141 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64                                        1/1 
  Verifying  : psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64                                        1/1 

Installed:
  psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-17.el7                                                       

Complete!

[root@data ~]# fuser -km /home/
[root@data ~]# umount /home

删除/home所在的lv

[root@data ~]# lvremove /dev/mapper/centos-home
Do you really want to remove active logical volume centos/home? [y/n]: （输入）y
Logical volume "home" successfully removed

给指定分区增加指定大小的磁盘空间

--我这里指定的是root增加30G，因为home只有账号文件，不存放其他的文件
[root@data ~]# lvextend -L +30G /dev/mapper/centos-root
--返回：
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) 
to 80.00 GiB (20480 extents).Logical volume centos/root 
successfully resized.

扩展/root文件系统

[root@data ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
--返回：
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks
     =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
     =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=6400, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 13107200 to 20971520

重建home分区

[root@data ~]# lvcreate -L 1G -n /dev/mapper/centos-home
--指定新的home空间为1G（实际还有2G空间可以分配给home）
--返回：
  Logical volume "home" created.

创建文件系统

[root@data ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/centos-home
--返回：
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-home isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=65536 blks
     =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
     =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=262144, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

挂载home

[root@data ~]# mount /dev/mapper/centos-home

home备份文件恢复

[root@data ~]# tar xvf /tmp/home.tar -C/
--返回
home/
home/zhaozuozuo/
home/zhaozuozuo/.bash_logout
home/zhaozuozuo/.bash_profile
home/zhaozuozuo/.bashrc

查看新的磁盘空间分布

[root@data ~]# df -lh
root从50G变成了80G，home从32变成1G（手误少了1G~~~home应该分配2G~~~）
--返回：
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G   12M  3.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   80G  8.1G   72G  11% /
/dev/sda1               1014M  150M  865M  15% /boot
tmpfs                    781M     0  781M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-home 1014M   33M  982M   4% /home