Ubuntu 19.10中安装OpenCV 4.1.2及Qt5配置

安装OpenCV 4.1需要的依赖项

由于最新版的OpenCV 4.1需要CMake 3.5.1版本，因此需要保证系统中安装的CMake编译器版本高于3.5.1。

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libatlas-base-dev gfortran libgtk2.0-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev
sudo apt-get install python2-dev python3-dev

编译和安装OpenCV 4.1
在OpenCV 4.1文件夹中创建build文件命令
cd opencv-4.1.2
mkdir build
cd build

编译OpenCV命令
sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2 ..
sudo make
sudo make install

注意：第一行命令的最后一定不要忘记有一个“..”指令，其含义是告诉编译器将要编译的文件是来自上一层文件夹中的CMakeList.txt文件。

环境配置
安装OpenCV 4.1之后还需要通过配置环境告诉系统安装的OpenCV 4.1在哪里，按照如下步骤操作：

cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/
sudo touch OpenCV.conf
加入 /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib 路径
sudo vi OpenCV.conf
ldconfig

配置Qt + OpenCV
打开QtCreator创建一个GUI工程或者控制台，打开项目的.pro文件，在文件尾部加入如下配置：

INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/include/opencv4/
INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/include/opencv4/opencv2

LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_core.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_calib3d.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_imgproc.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_ml.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_dnn.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_objdetect.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_features2d.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_photo.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_flann.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_stitching.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_gapi.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_videoio.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_highgui.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_video.so
LIBS += /usr/local/OpenCV4.1.2/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so