本示例中使用了StringTemplate模板技术,进行excel数据导出的操作。
1.首先导入所需要的jar包,本示例中通过maven引入
<dependency>
<groupId>org.antlr</groupId>
<artifactId>stringtemplate</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
</dependency>
2.示例代码如下:
package yang.zheng.util.excel;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import org.antlr.stringtemplate.StringTemplate;
import org.antlr.stringtemplate.StringTemplateGroup;
class Student{
private String name;
private int age;
private List<String> hobbys = new ArrayList<String>();
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public List<String> getHobbys() {
return hobbys;
}
public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
this.hobbys = hobbys;
}
}
class Row{
private String name1;
private String name2;
private String name3;
public String getName1() {
return name1;
}
public void setName1(String name1) {
this.name1 = name1;
}
public String getName2() {
return name2;
}
public void setName2(String name2) {
this.name2 = name2;
}
public String getName3() {
return name3;
}
public void setName3(String name3) {
this.name3 = name3;
}
}
class Worksheet{
private String sheet;
private int columnNum;
private int rowNum;
private List<Row> rows;
public String getSheet() {
return sheet;
}
public void setSheet(String sheet) {
this.sheet = sheet;
}
public List<Row> getRows() {
return rows;
}
public void setRows(List<Row> rows) {
this.rows = rows;
}
public int getColumnNum() {
return columnNum;
}
public void setColumnNum(int columnNum) {
this.columnNum = columnNum;
}
public int getRowNum() {
return rowNum;
}
public void setRowNum(int rowNum) {
this.rowNum = rowNum;
}
}
public class ExcelTemplate{
public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException{
ExcelTemplate template = new ExcelTemplate();
template.output2();
}
/**
* @param args
* @throws FileNotFoundException
*/
public void template() throws FileNotFoundException {
StringTemplate st = new StringTemplate("hello,$name$");
st.setAttribute("name", "china");
System.out.println(st.toString());
StringTemplate st2 = new StringTemplate("select $columns:{<i>$it$</i>\n}$ from users");
List<String> columns = new ArrayList<String>();
columns.add("a");
columns.add("b");
columns.add("c");
columns.add("d");
columns.add("e");
st2.setAttribute("columns",columns);
System.out.println(st2.toString());
StringTemplate st3 = new StringTemplate("$students:{" +
"$it.name$," +
"$it.age$," +
"$it.hobbys:{$it$,}$" +
"}$");
List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();
Student student = new Student();
student.setName("hunter");
student.setAge(24);
List<String> hobbyList = new ArrayList<String>();
hobbyList.add("sports");
hobbyList.add("grils");
hobbyList.add("money");
student.setHobbys(hobbyList);
students.add(student);
student = new Student();
student.setName("xiaoming");
student.setAge(25);
hobbyList = new ArrayList<String>();
hobbyList.add("movie");
hobbyList.add("coding");
student.setHobbys(hobbyList);
students.add(student);
st3.setAttribute("students", students);
System.out.println(st3.toString());
}
/**
* 生成数据量大的时候,该方法会出现内存溢出
* @throws FileNotFoundException
*/
public void output1() throws FileNotFoundException{
StringTemplateGroup stGroup = new StringTemplateGroup("stringTemplate");
StringTemplate st4 = stGroup.getInstanceOf("excelTemplate/test");
List<Worksheet> worksheets = new ArrayList<Worksheet>();
File file = new File("D:/output.xls");
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file)));
for(int i=0;i<30;i++){
Worksheet worksheet = new Worksheet();
worksheet.setSheet("第"+(i+1)+"页");
List<Row> rows = new ArrayList<Row>();
for(int j=0;j<6000;j++){
Row row = new Row();
row.setName1("zhangzehao");
row.setName2(""+j);
row.setName3(i+" "+j);
rows.add(row);
}
worksheet.setRows(rows);
worksheets.add(worksheet);
}
st4.setAttribute("worksheets", worksheets);
writer.write(st4.toString());
writer.flush();
writer.close();
System.out.println("生成excel完成");
}
/**
* 该方法不管生成多大的数据量,都不会出现内存溢出,只是时间的长短
*
* 经测试,生成1800万数据,6~10分钟之间,3G大的文件,打开大文件就看内存是否足够大了
*
* 数据量小的时候,推荐用jxls的模板技术生成excel文件,谁用谁知道,大数据量可以结合该方法使用
*
* @throws FileNotFoundException
*/
public void output2() throws FileNotFoundException{
long startTimne = System.currentTimeMillis();
StringTemplateGroup stGroup = new StringTemplateGroup("stringTemplate");
//写入excel文件头部信息
StringTemplate head = stGroup.getInstanceOf("excelTemplate/head");
File file = new File("D:/output.xls");
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file)));
writer.print(head.toString());
writer.flush();
int sheets = 300;
//excel单表最大行数是65535
int maxRowNum = 60000;
//写入excel文件数据信息
for(int i=0;i<sheets;i++){
StringTemplate body = stGroup.getInstanceOf("excelTemplate/body");
Worksheet worksheet = new Worksheet();
worksheet.setSheet(" "+(i+1)+" ");
worksheet.setColumnNum(3);
worksheet.setRowNum(maxRowNum);
List<Row> rows = new ArrayList<Row>();
for(int j=0;j<maxRowNum;j++){
Row row = new Row();
row.setName1(""+new Random().nextInt(100000));
row.setName2(""+j);
row.setName3(i+""+j);
rows.add(row);
}
worksheet.setRows(rows);
body.setAttribute("worksheet", worksheet);
writer.print(body.toString());
writer.flush();
rows.clear();
rows = null;
worksheet = null;
body = null;
Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
System.out.println("正在生成excel文件的 sheet"+(i+1));
}
//写入excel文件尾部
writer.print("</Workbook>");
writer.flush();
writer.close();
System.out.println("生成excel文件完成");
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("用时="+((endTime-startTimne)/1000)+"秒");
}
}
3.内容模板(body)
$worksheet:{
<Worksheet ss:Name="$it.sheet$">
<Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount="$it.columnNum$" ss:ExpandedRowCount="$it.rowNum$" x:FullColumns="1"
x:FullRows="1" ss:DefaultColumnWidth="54" ss:DefaultRowHeight="14.25">
$it.rows:{
<Row>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">$it.name1$</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">$it.name2$</Data></Cell>
<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">$it.name3$</Data></Cell>
</Row>
}$
</Table>
</Worksheet>
}$
4.表头模板(head)
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?mso-application progid="Excel.Sheet"?>
<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<DocumentProperties xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
<Created>1996-12-17T01:32:42Z</Created>
<LastSaved>2013-08-02T09:21:24Z</LastSaved>
<Version>11.9999</Version>
</DocumentProperties>
<OfficeDocumentSettings xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
<RemovePersonalInformation/>
</OfficeDocumentSettings>
<ExcelWorkbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel">
<WindowHeight>4530</WindowHeight>
<WindowWidth>8505</WindowWidth>
<WindowTopX>480</WindowTopX>
<WindowTopY>120</WindowTopY>
<AcceptLabelsInFormulas/>
<ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure>
<ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows>
</ExcelWorkbook>
<Styles>
<Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">
<Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/>
<Borders/>
<Font ss:FontName="宋体" x:CharSet="134" ss:Size="12"/>
<Interior/>
<NumberFormat/>
<Protection/>
</Style>
</Styles>
4.test模板
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?mso-application progid="Excel.Sheet"?>
<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<DocumentProperties xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
<Created>1996-12-17T01:32:42Z</Created>
<LastSaved>2013-08-02T09:21:24Z</LastSaved>
<Version>11.9999</Version>
</DocumentProperties>
<OfficeDocumentSettings xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
<RemovePersonalInformation/>
</OfficeDocumentSettings>
<ExcelWorkbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel">
<WindowHeight>4530</WindowHeight>
<WindowWidth>8505</WindowWidth>
<WindowTopX>480</WindowTopX>
<WindowTopY>120</WindowTopY>
<AcceptLabelsInFormulas/>
<ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure>
<ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows>
</ExcelWorkbook>
<Styles>
<Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">
<Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/>
<Borders/>
<Font ss:FontName="宋体" x:CharSet="134" ss:Size="12"/>
<Interior/>
<NumberFormat/>
<Protection/>
</Style>
</Styles>