部分ARCGIS菜单翻译——初练

1 Topic:Specifying a coordinate system

主题：指定个坐标系统

Release 9.2

发表：9.2版本

Last modified November 7, 2007

最后修改时间：11月，7日，2007年

Print all topics in : "Using ArcMap"

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About coordinate systems and map projections

关于坐标系统和地图投影

Defining a coverage's coordinate system

定义某个coverage的坐标系统

Defining a shapefile's coordinate system

定义个某个shapefile的坐标系统

2 About specifying a coordinate system

关于指定（/声明）一个坐标系统。

If all the data you want to display on your map is stored in the same coordinate system—for example, if you're using your organization's database—you can just add it to a map and not consider whether the layers will overlay properly; they will. If, however, you've collected data from a variety of sources, you'll need to know what coordinate system each dataset uses to ensure ArcMap can display them together.

如果你要在你的地图中显示的所有数据存储于同一坐标系统之下——例如，你在使用你的组织（｜中国人通常称为单位、机关）的数据库——你正好能添加它到一个地图而不用考虑那个图层是否会被正确的覆盖；它们会。如果，无论如何，你从多个数据源收集到的数据，你将需要知道每个数据集使用什么坐标系统以确保ArcMap能一起（/同时）显示他们。

For more information on coordinate systems, see Map projections and coordinate systems.

更多关于坐标系统的信息，参见“地图投影和坐标系统”

coordinate system

坐标系统

A reference framework consisting of a set of points, lines, and/or surfaces, and a set of rules, used to define the positions of points in space in either two or three dimensions. The Cartesian coordinate system and the geographic coordinate system used on the earth's surface are common examples of coordinate systems.

由一套点、线和/或面，和一套规则构成的参考框架，用于定义任意二维或三维的空间的点的位置。用于地球表面的笛卡尔坐标系统和地理坐标系统是坐标系统的通用例子。

2.1 Coordinate systems and data frames

坐标系统和数据框

To display your data correctly, a data frame uses a coordinate system. This can be any coordinate system ArcGIS supports. The data frame's coordinate system need not be the same as the data you are using, although if ArcMap has to project your data on the fly, it does take longer to draw.

要正确的显示你的数据，一个数据框使用一个坐标系统。这个可以是任意ArcGIS支持的坐标系统。数据框的坐标系统不需要同你使用的数据（的坐标系统）相同，然而，如果ArcMap要即时投影你的数据，它需要更长的时间才能得出（提取｜逗号后面这点儿是Google翻译的）。

When ArcMap is started with a new, empty map, the coordinate system for the default data frame is not defined. When you add data with a defined coordinate system, ArcMap will automatically set the data frame's projection to be the same as that of the data. The first layer added to an empty data frame sets the coordinate system for the data frame, but you can change it if necessary. If the first layer does not have a coordinate system, ArcMap will set the coordinate system to Unknown.

当ArcMap以一个新的、空白的地图启动，默认的数据框的坐标系统并没有定义。当您添加一个定义了坐标系统的数据时，ArcMap将自动设置数据框的投影与那个数据（的坐标系统）相同。添加到一个空数据框的第一个层设置数据框的坐标系统，但如果需要你可以改变它。如果第一个层没有坐标系统，ArcMap将设置坐标系统为Unknown。

As you add subsequent layers, they are automatically transformed to the data frame's coordinate system as long as there's enough information associated with the layer's data source to determine its current coordinate system. If there isn't enough information, ArcMap will be unable to align the data and display it correctly. In this case, you'll have to supply the necessary coordinate system information yourself.

当你添加随后的层时，它们被自动转换到数据框的坐标系统，只要那有足够的与层的数据源相联系的信息来确定它当前的坐标