在笔试的时候遇到了C++类本身的大小的题目,已经记不住原题了,现在那几个简单的例子来探究一下C++类的大小。
分一下几类进行研究:
1. 空类
2. 一般类
包括一个字段的类
包括一个一般函数的类
3. 纯虚函数类
4. 有虚函数的类
一个虚函数
两个虚函数
多继承,继承自有两个均有虚函数的类,并重写虚函数
多继承,继承自有两个均有虚函数的类,不重写虚函数
多继承,继承自有一个有虚函数的类,另一个没有
5. 其它
#include<iostream>
class A
{
};
class B
{
private:
int a;
};
class B1
{
private:
void fun()
{}
};
class C
{
virtual void fun() = 0;
};
class D
{
virtual void fun()
{
std::cout << "this is a D1.";
}
};
class D1
{
virtual void fun()
{
std::cout << "this is a D2.";
}
virtual void fun1()
{
std::cout << "this is a D2.";
}
};
class D2:public D1,public D
{
virtual void fun()
{
std::cout << "this is a D3.";
}
virtual void fun1()
{
std::cout << "this is a D3.";
}
};
class D3 :public D1, public D
{
virtual void fun3()
{
std::cout << "this is a D3.";
}
};
class D4 :public D1, public B1
{
virtual void fun3()
{
std::cout << "this is a D3.";
}
};
class E
{
void show()
{
std::cout << "THIS IS E";
}
};
class F :public A
{
virtual void show()
{
std::cout << "THIS IS E";
}
};
int main()
{
std::cout << "empty class's size is " << sizeof(A) << std::endl;
std::cout << "only one int class's size is " << sizeof(B) << std::endl;
std::cout << "only one funciton class's size is " << sizeof(B1) << std::endl;
std::cout << "only one virtual pure funciton class's size is " << sizeof(C) << std::endl;
std::cout << "only one virtual function class's size is " << sizeof(D) << std::endl;
std::cout << "two virtual function class's size is " << sizeof(D1) << std::endl;
std::cout << "three virtual function two jicheng(TWO VIRTUAL) class's size is " << sizeof(D2) << std::endl;
std::cout << "three virtual function two jicheng(ONE VIRTUAL) class's size is " << sizeof(D4) << std::endl;
std::cout << "four virtual function two jicheng class's size is " << sizeof(D3) << std::endl;
std::cout << "only one function class's size is " << sizeof(E) << std::endl;
std::cout << "only one virtual function class's size is " << sizeof(E) << std::endl;
getchar();
}
运行结果:
总结:
空类占用一个字节
一般函数不占用空间
一般数据类型按照本身数据大小
当类有虚函数时,需要4字节的虚表指针
当多继承时,有虚函数的会生成一个虚表指针,比如继承两个有虚函数的类,那么会有两个虚表指针
如果一个虚类,一个普通类,那么有一个虚指针
最后膜拜一下大牛对虚表指针的研究:http://blog.csdn.net/haoel/article/details/1948051/