matplotlib画图

Matplotlib

最流行的Python底层绘图库，主要做数据可视化图标，名字取材于MATLAB，模仿MATLAB构建

绘制折线图 plot

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

y1 = [1,0,1,1,2,4,3,2,3,4,4,5,6,5,4,3,3,1,1,1]
y2 = [1,0,3,1,2,2,3,3,2,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
x = range(11,31)
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)# 设置图片大小


plt.plot(x,y1,label="自己")  # 绘图
plt.plot(x,y2,label="同桌")  # 绘图

# 设置x轴刻度
_xtick_labels = ["{}岁".format(i) for i in x]
plt.xticks(x,_xtick_labels,rotation=90) # 旋转90°

# 绘制网格
plt.grid(alpha=0.3) # 设置网格+透明度

# 添加图例
plt.legend()

# 添加描述信息
plt.xlabel("年龄")
plt.ylabel("每年对象数量")
plt.title("我和同事11岁到30岁每年对象数量")

# 中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['KaiTi']

plt.savefig("D:\\软件1931\\matplotlib\\imgs\\t1.png") # 保存 可以保存svg格式

# 展示
plt.show()

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# 另外一种设置字体的方式
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:\WINDOWS\FONTS\MSYH.TTC")
在每个中文后面设置
fontproperties=my_font等写法

# 折线可以设置
color='r'       # 线条颜色 缩写或者16进制
linestyle='--', # 线条风格
alpha=0.5,      # 透明度
=============================待补充

---

绘制散点图 scatter

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager

y_3 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,22,23]
y_10 = [26,26,28,19,21,17,16,19,18,20,20,19,22,23,17,20,21,20,22,15,11,15,5,13,17,10,11,13,12,13,6]

x_3 = range(1,32)
x_10 = range(51,82)

# 中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['KaiTi']
# 设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8), dpi=80)

plt.scatter(x_3, y_3, label="3月份")
plt.scatter(x_10, y_10, label="10月份")

# 调整x轴刻度
_x = list(x_3)+list(x_10)
_xtick_labels = ["3月{}日".format(i) for i in x_3]
_xtick_labels += ["10月{}日".format(i-50) for i in x_10]
plt.xticks(_x[::3],_xtick_labels[::3],rotation=45)

# 添加图例
plt.legend(loc="upper left")
# 添加描述信息
plt.xlabel("时间")
plt.ylabel("温度")
plt.title("标题")

plt.savefig("D:\\软件1931\\matplotlib\\imgs/t2.png") # 保存 可以保存svg格式


plt.show()

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---

绘制条形图

竖着的条形图

# coding=utf-8
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/System/Library/Fonts/Hiragino Sans GB.ttc")


a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]

b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]


#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=80)
#绘制条形图
plt.bar(range(len(a)),b,width=0.3)
#设置字符串到x轴
plt.xticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties=my_font,rotation=90)

plt.savefig("./movie.png")

plt.show()

横着的条形图

#绘制横着的条形图
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/System/Library/Fonts/Hiragino Sans GB.ttc")


a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]

b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]


#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
#绘制条形图
plt.barh(range(len(a)),b,height=0.3,color="orange")
#设置字符串到x轴
plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties=my_font)

plt.grid(alpha=0.3)
# plt.savefig("./movie.png")

plt.show()

绘制直方图

#绘制横着的条形图
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font = font_manager.FontProperties(fname="/System/Library/Fonts/Hiragino Sans GB.ttc")


a = ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]

b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]


#设置图形大小
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
#绘制条形图
plt.barh(range(len(a)),b,height=0.3,color="orange")
#设置字符串到x轴
plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a,fontproperties=my_font)

plt.grid(alpha=0.3)
# plt.savefig("./movie.png")

plt.show()