Linux C/C++编程：prctl与pthread_setname_np

prctl

理论

// 用 prctl 给线程命名, prctl是个系统调用
#include <sys/prctl.h> 
int prctl(int option, unsigned long arg2, unsigned long arg3, unsigned long arg4, unsigned long arg5);

实践

#include <zconf.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>

void* tmain(void *arg)
{
    char name[32];
    prctl(PR_SET_NAME, (unsigned long)"xx");
    prctl(PR_GET_NAME, (unsigned long)name);
    printf("%s/n", name);
    while (1)
        sleep(1);
}
int main(void)
{
    pthread_t tid;
    pthread_create(&tid, NULL, tmain, NULL);
    pthread_join(tid, NULL);
    return 0;
}

执行：

$ gcc main.c -l pthread
$ ps aux | grep a.out
oceanst+   9725  0.0  0.0  14704   384 pts/1    Sl+  18:52   0:00 ./a.out
$  ps -L -p 9725
   PID    LWP TTY          TIME CMD
  9725   9725 pts/1    00:00:00 a.out
  9725   9726 pts/1    00:00:00 xx

pthread_setname_np

prctl()只能设置/获取当前线程的名字
在glibc 2.12之后的版本中提供了两个扩展的接口pthread_setname_np()和pthread_getname_np()，可以在进程中设置和读取其他线程的名字。

检查glibc版本：

# getconf GNU_LIBC_VERSION
glibc 2.17

可以使用feature_test_macro_GNU_SOURCE来检查此功能是否可用：

#ifdef _GNU_SOURCE
    pthread_setname_np(tid, "someName");
#endif

理论

#include <pthread.h>
/*
* 功能值：该pthread_setname_np（）函数设置目标线程的名称。由名称指定的缓冲区必须包含一个长度为15个字符或更少的空终止字符串（不包括NULL）。如果名称长度超过15个字符，则多余的字符将被忽略。如果name为null，则该线程变为未命名
* 返回值：成功返回0
*/
 int pthread_setname_np(pthread_t thread, const char *name);
//获取线程名称
int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char *name);

实践

#define _MULTI_THREADED
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

void *threadfunc(void *parm)
{
    printf("In the thread.\n");
    sleep(45);  // allow main program to set the thread name
    return NULL;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    pthread_t             thread;
    int                   rc=0;
    char                  theName[16];

    memset(theName, 0x00, sizeof(theName));
    printf("Create thread using the default attributes\n");
    rc = pthread_create(&thread, NULL, threadfunc, NULL);
    if(0 == rc)
    {
#ifdef _GNU_SOURCE
        rc = pthread_setname_np(thread, "THREADNAMEISTOOLONG");
        sleep(10);

        if(0 == rc)
        {
            rc = pthread_getname_np(thread, theName);
            if(0 == rc)
            {
                printf("The thread name is %s.\n", theName);
            }
        }
#endif
        rc = pthread_join(thread, NULL);
    }
    if(0 != rc)
    {
        printf("An error occurred - %d\n", rc);
    }
    printf("Main completed\n");
    return(rc);
}

用prctl给线程命名