SpringBoot-ribbon初探索

Ribbon作为后端负载均衡器，比Nginx更注重的是承担并发而不是请求分发，可以直接感知后台动态变化来指定分发策略。

一、第一步新建ribbon服务端

1、pom.xml配置如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.lovnx</groupId>
    <artifactId>micro-service</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>ribbon</artifactId>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Camden.SR5</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

application.properties内容如下：
 

spring.application.name=ribbon
server.port=7073
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:7070/eureka/

service-B.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule

#ribbon.eureka.enabled=false

注意，这里我用的是RandomRule策略，如上面的

service-B.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule

即为service-B配置该策略。

至于Ribbon各策略的不同，可以参考该文章：https://blog.csdn.net/zhizhuodewo6/article/details/81905910

2、Application内容如下，需要添加俩@Bean

package com.lovnx;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class RibbonApplication {

	@Bean
	@LoadBalanced
	RestTemplate restTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}
	
    @Bean
    public IRule ribbonRule() {
        return new RandomRule();
    }

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(RibbonApplication.class, args);
	}

}

注意上面得到ribbonRule()方法返回的策略应与application.properties中配置的策略一样。

3、然后新建Conroller，用于统一作为访问/add接口的入口。

package com.lovnx.web;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
    @Autowired  
    private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;  

    @RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String add(@RequestParam Integer a,@RequestParam Integer b) {
    	this.loadBalancerClient.choose("service-B");//随机访问策略
        return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://service-B/add?a="+a+"&b="+b, String.class).getBody();
    	
    }
    
}

二、第二步，新建俩id为service-B的服务，这样才能测试负载均衡。

三、第三步，新建第一个Service-B服务。

1、pom内容如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.lovnx</groupId>
    <artifactId>micro-service</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>service-B</artifactId>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- guava 是一个工具集 -->
		<dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            <version>14.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.5</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
	      <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
	      <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
	      <version>1.2.0</version>
	    </dependency>
	    <dependency>
	      <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
	      <artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
	      <version>1.1.0</version>
	    </dependency>
	    <!--Spring cloud framework end-->
	    <!--MySQL start-->
	    <dependency>
	      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
	      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
	      <version>1.0.28</version>
	    </dependency>
	    <dependency>
	      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
	      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
	      <version>5.1.40</version>
	    </dependency>
    <!--MySQL end-->
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Camden.SR5</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

该服务，用到了mybatis、mysql、redis。

2、application.properties内容如下：
 

spring.application.name=service-B
server.port=7075
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:7070/eureka/

mysqldb.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
mysqldb.datasource.username=root
mysqldb.datasource.password=root
mysqldb.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
mysqldb.datasource.initialSize=1
mysqldb.datasource.minIdle=1
mysqldb.datasource.maxIdle=5
mysqldb.datasource.maxActive=50
mysqldb.datasource.maxWait=10000
mysqldb.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=10000
mysqldb.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
mysqldb.datasource.validationQuery=select 'x'
mysqldb.datasource.testWhileIdle=true
mysqldb.datasource.testOnBorrow=false
mysqldb.datasource.testOnReturn=false
mysqldb.datasource.poolPreparedStatements=true
mysqldb.datasource.maxOpenPreparedStatements=20
mysqldb.datasource.filters=stat

mysqldb.datasource.mapperLocations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
mysqldb.datasource.typeAliasPackage=com.lovnx.entity

#pagehelper
pagehelper.helperDialect=mysql
pagehelper.reasonable=false
pagehelper.supportMethodsArguments=true
pagehelper.params=count=countSql

#when SpringBoot occurs 404 ,throw a Exception directly
spring.mvc.throw-exception-if-no-handler-found=true
#Whether to open the default resource processing, the default is true
spring.resources.add-mappings=false

注意这里的spring.application.name=service-B这个值与下一个Servic-B必须一样，这样才能让ribbon统一管理。

3、新建一个controller，定义访问/add的接口。该类内容如下：

package com.lovnx.web;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.lovnx.entity.InterfaceLimit;
import com.lovnx.service.InterfaceLimitService;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

@RestController
public class ComputeController {

    private final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(getClass());
    
    @Autowired
    private InterfaceLimitService service;
    
	//单位时间内的调用次数
	private int flag = 10;
    //单位时间1000ms * 60 = 1min
    private static int timeRound = 1000*60;
    //用来标记调用次数
    private static AtomicLong num = new AtomicLong(0);

    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient client;
    
//    static{
//        Timer timer = new Timer();
//        timer.schedule(new TimerTask(){
//          @Override
//          public void run() {
//        	  num.set(0);;
//          }
//        }, 0, timeRound);
//    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/add" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String add(@RequestParam Integer a, @RequestParam Integer b) {
    	
//        num.incrementAndGet();
//        
//        if (num.get() <= flag) {
//	        ServiceInstance instance = client.getLocalServiceInstance();
//	        Integer r = a + b;
//	        logger.info("/add, host:" + instance.getHost() + ", service_id:" + instance.getServiceId() + ", result:" + r);
//	        return "From Service-B, Result is " + r+"\nPort:"+instance.getPort();
//        }
//        return "调用次数超限，一分钟内最多只能调用10次！";
    	InterfaceLimit limit = service.getEntityByPri(1);
    	Jedis jedis = RedisUtils.getJedis();
    	
    	//redis存的超时时间
    	String timeRound_1 = jedis.get("timeRound_1");
    	//如果不存在或者是不等于数据库设置值
    	if (timeRound_1 == null || !limit.getUnitTime().toString().equals(timeRound_1)) {
    		//重新设置超时时间
			jedis.set("timeRound_1", limit.getUnitTime().toString());
			jedis.expire("num_1", limit.getUnitTime());
		}
    	String num_1 = jedis.get("num_1");
    	if (num_1 == null) {
    		jedis.set("num_1", String.valueOf(0));
			jedis.expire("num_1", limit.getUnitTime());
		}
    	
    	jedis.incr("num_1");
        
        if (Integer.parseInt(jedis.get("num_1")) <= limit.getUnitNum()) {
	        ServiceInstance instance = client.getLocalServiceInstance();
	        Integer r = a + b;
	        logger.info("/add, host:" + instance.getHost() + ", service_id:" + instance.getServiceId() + ", result:" + r);
	        return "From Service-B, Result is " + r+"\nPort:"+instance.getPort();
        }
        return "调用次数超限！";
    }

}

四、第四步，新建service-B2，该model与上面个model基本一样，只不过没有上一个model复杂，但是application.name一样，并且也提供了/add接口。

五、新建完所有服务后。先启动eureka-server，然后启动ribbon，然后启动俩service-B。

六、然后通过浏览器访问http://localhost:7073/add?a=1&b=2

然后会看到，通过几次访问，可以随机得到两种结果：

第一种结果为：From Service-B, Result is 3 Port:7076

第二种结果为：From Service-B, Result is 3 Port:7075

这样可以看到ribbon起作用了。

项目代码下载地址：https://download.csdn.net/download/zhizhuodewo6/10617379