SpringBoot--基础--01--配置属性

SpringBoot–基础–01–配置

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代码位置

https://gitee.com/DanShenGuiZu/learnDemo/tree/master/springboot-learn/springboot-1

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1、SpringBoot使用一个固定文件名全局的配置文件

	application.properties
	application.yml

1. 配置文件的作用
   1. 修改SpringBoot自动配置的默认值

2、YAML语法

2.1、基本语法

k:(空格)v：

1. 表示一对键值对（空格必须有）

2.2、值的写法

2.2.1、字面量：普通的值（数字，字符串，布尔）

k: v：

1. 字面直接来写；

2.2.2、双引号：\表示转义字符

	name: "111 \n 222"  
	等价于
	name：111 换行 222

2.2.3、单引号：\表示一般字符。

	name: '111 \n 222'
	等价于
	name:  111 \n 222

2.3、对象、Map,键值对写法

user:
    name: zhangsan
    age: 20

2.4、数组（List、Set）

users:
    ‐ user1
    ‐ user2
    ‐ user3

3、配置文件值注入

3.1、下面的配置是将application.yml中Person 映射到Person类中

3.2、代码

application.yml

person:
  lastName: 小苗
  age: 18
  boss: false
  birth: 2017/12/12
  maps: {k1: v1,k2: 12}
  lists:
	‐ user1
	‐ user2
  dog:
	name: 黑狗
	age: 12

Person

package fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值，映射到这个组件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties：告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定，默认从全局配置文件中获取值。
 * prefix = "person"：读取配置application.yml中,前缀为person的对象的值。
 * @Component：把普通pojo实例化到spring容器中
 * 要使用@ConfigurationProperties功能，需要将类实例化到容器里面。
 *
 */
@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
	
	private String lastName;
	
	private Integer age;
	
	private Boolean boss;
	
	private Date birth;
	
	private Map<String, Object> maps;
	private List<Object> lists;
	private Dog dog;


}

Dog

public class Dog {
	private String name;
	private Integer age;
}

3.3、导入配置文件处理器依赖，使配置文件和代码进行绑定

    <!--导入配置文件处理器，配置文件进行绑定就会有提示-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>

这样写配置文件的时候就有提示了。

3.5、 测试

package fei.zhou.springboot1;

import fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
class Test1 {
	@Autowired
	Person person;
	@Test
	void t1() {
		System.out.println(person);
	}

}

4、@Value的使用

1. 给字段设置值
2. 和@ConfigurationProperties比较

4.1、形式

1. value=“字面量”

2. value=“${key}”

   1. 从环境变量、配置文件中获取值

3. value=“#{SpEL}”

   1. 表达式设置值

4.2、案例1

Person2

	package fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean;

	import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
	import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

	import lombok.Data;

	@Component
	@Data
	public class Person2 {
		// 从环境变量、配置文件中获取值
		@Value("${person.lastName}")
		private String lastName;
		
		// #{SpEL}
		@Value("#{2*2}")
		private Integer age;
		
		// 字面量
		@Value("false")
		private Boolean boss;
		
	}

Test1

	package fei.zhou.springboot1;

	import fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean.Person;
	import fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean.Person2;
	import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
	import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
	import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

	@SpringBootTest
	class Test1 {
		@Autowired
		Person person;

		@Autowired
		Person2 person2;
		@Test
		void t1() {
			System.out.println(person);
		}

		@Test
		void t2() {
			System.out.println(person2);
		}

	}

4.3、案例2

ElConfig

package fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean.demo1;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.context.support.PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean.demo1")

//注入配置文件
@PropertySource("classpath:demo1/test.properties")
public class ElConfig {

	//常量
	@Value("111")
	private String normal;

	//注入操作系统属性
	@Value("#{systemProperties['os.name']}")
	private String osName;

	//注入表达式结果
	@Value("#{ T(java.lang.Math).random() * 100.0 }")
	private double randomNumber;

	//注入其他bean属性
	@Value("#{person3.lastName}")
	private String fromAnother;

	//注入文件资源
	@Value("classpath:demo1/1.txt")
	private Resource testFile;

	//注入网站资源
	@Value("http://www.baidu.com")
	private Resource testUrl;

	//注入配置文件
	@Value("${book.name}")
	private String bookName;

	@Autowired
	private Environment environment; //7

	@Bean //7
	public static PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer propertyConfigure() {
		return new PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer();
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "ElConfig{" +
				"normal='" + normal + '\'' +
				", osName='" + osName + '\'' +
				", randomNumber=" + randomNumber +
				", fromAnother='" + fromAnother + '\'' +
				", testFile=" + testFile +
				", testUrl=" + testUrl +
				", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
				", environment=" + environment +
				'}';
	}


	public static void main(String[] args) {
		AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ElConfig.class);


		ElConfig elConfig = context.getBean(ElConfig.class);

		System.out.println( "------------");

		System.out.println( elConfig);


		context.close();
	}
}

Person3

package fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean.demo1;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Person3 {
	@Value("Person3-lastName")
	private String lastName;

	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}

	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
}

1.txt

111111111

test.properties

book.name=spring boot

5、读取配置文件

5.1、 @PropertySource：加载指定的配置文件，在配置类上设置

Person4

package fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean.demo2;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import lombok.Data;

@Component
//组合使用，但是ConfigurationProperties的优先级更高
@PropertySource("classpath:demo2/person4.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class Person4 {

    private String lastName;
    

    private Integer age;
    

    private Boolean boss;


}

person4.properties

person.lastName=小明
person.age=12

application.yml

person:
# lastName: 小苗
  age: 18
  boss: false
  birth: 2017/12/12
  maps: {k1: v1,k2: 12}
  lists:
    ‐ user1
    ‐ user2
  dog:
    name: 黑狗
    age: 12

5.2、 ImportResource：导入Spring的配置文件，让配置文件里面的内容生效；

Springboot1Application

@SpringBootApplication
@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:demo3/bean.xml"})
public class Springboot1Application {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Springboot1Application.class, args);
    }
    
}

Dog3

@Data
public class Dog3 {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean id="dog3" class="fei.zhou.springboot1.business.bean.demo3.Dog3">
        <property name="age" value="12"></property>
        <property name="name" value="哈巴狗"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

6、配置文件占位符

6.1、随机数:RandomValuePropertySource

1. ${random.value}
2. ${random.int}
3. ${random.long}
4. ${random.int(10)}
5. ${random.int[1024,65536]}

6.2、属性配置占位符

	lastName2: ${person.lastName}2