【synchronized关键词】从字节码层面解析

java中我们都知道synchronized关键字是用来加锁，在多线程并发情况下实现同步的，那它底层是怎么实现的呢？

代码清单1-1

public class SyncTest {

	public void test(){
		synchronized(this){
			System.out.println("-------call test() method---------");
		}
	}
}

代码清单1-1的字节码（通过javap -c SyncTest 查看字节码)

public class SyncTest {
  public SyncTest();
    Code:
       0: aload_0
       1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":
()V
       4: return

  public void test();
    Code:
       0: aload_0
       1: dup
       2: astore_1
       3: monitorenter
       4: getstatic     #2                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
       7: ldc           #3                  // String -------call test() method---------
       9: invokevirtual #4                  // Method java/io/PrintStream.printl
n:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
      12: aload_1
      13: monitorexit
      14: goto          22
      17: astore_2
      18: aload_1
      19: monitorexit
      20: aload_2
      21: athrow
      22: return
    Exception table:
       from    to  target type
           4    14    17   any
          17    20    17   any
}

注意：synchronized关键词是通过的monitorenter、monitorexit这两条指令来实现同步锁的。

代码清单1-2

public class SyncTest {

	public synchronized void test(){
		System.out.println("-------call test() method---------");
	}
}

代码清单1-2的字节码（通过javap -c SyncTest 查看字节码)

Compiled from "SyncTest.java"
public class SyncTest {
  public SyncTest();
    Code:
       0: aload_0
       1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
       4: return

  public synchronized void test();
    Code:
       0: getstatic     #2                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
       3: ldc           #3                  // String -------call test() method---------
       5: invokevirtual #4                  // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
       8: return
}

没有什么特别的指令，那通过javap -verbose可以看到更加清楚的信息

代码清单1-2的字节码（通过javap -verbose SyncTest 查看字节码)