2.实例(ubuntu搭建python3.5-django生产环境)

1.目标：搭建智能问答项目(python、django)生产环境

• 机器人：nginx，80端口，机器人通过接口访问后台管理系统获取数据；
• 后台管理系统：nginx->uwsgi，uwsgi8088端口，nginx代理设置8001端口；
• 项目部署结构：https://blog.csdn.net/zhouping118/article/details/80243065

2.安装docker

• 安装：wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh
• 启动后台服务：service docker start
• 测试运行hello-world：docker run hello-world

3.配置阿里云容器镜像

• 申请账号
  
  https://cr.console.aliyun.com/?spm=5176.1971733.0.2.6c045aaaDAr0x9#/imageSearch
• 镜像加速
  
  vim /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service
  
  ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd –registry-mirror=https://eqrfvvq2.mirror.aliyuncs.com
• 创建命名空间（pings）
• 创建镜像（centos7-base,centos7-aiqa-pro-env）
• 登录
  
  docker login –username=username registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
• 下载镜像
  
  docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/pings/centos7-base
• 上传镜像
  
  
  • docker tag [ImageId] registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/pings/centos7-base
  • docker push registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/pings/centos7-base

4.生成镜像

4.1.centos7基础镜像

# 系统镜像CentOS7
FROM daocloud.io/centos:latest

# 维护者
MAINTAINER Pings 275598139@qq.com

# 环境变量
ENV LANG en_US.UTF-8
# 设置时区
RUN ln -s -f /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

4.2.python环境(centos7-python3.5.4)

# 系统镜像centos7-base
FROM pings/centos7-base

# 维护者
MAINTAINER Pings 275598139@qq.com

# 安装依赖
RUN yum install -y wget net-tools  gcc openssl-devel make

# 安装python3.5.4
WORKDIR /opt/python
RUN wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/python/3.5.4/Python-3.5.4.tgz
RUN tar zxvf Python-3.5.4.tgz
WORKDIR /opt/python/Python-3.5.4
RUN ./configure --prefix=/opt/python/Python-3.5.4 && make && make install
ENV PYTHON_HOME=/opt/python/Python-3.5.4
ENV PATH=$PATH:$PYTHON_HOME/bin
RUN rm -f /opt/python/Python-3.5.4.tgz

4.3.依赖的python运行环境

• 导出依赖的环境：pip freeze > requirement.txt

# 系统镜像centos7-python3.5
FROM pings/centos7-python3.5

# 维护者
MAINTAINER Pings 275598139@qq.com

# 安装依赖
RUN yum install -y mysql-devel

# 在镜像中导入依赖的环境
WORKDIR /opt/python/
ADD conf/requirements.txt requirements.txt
RUN pip3 install -r requirements.txt

4.4.生产环境(nginx,uwsgi,redis)

# 系统镜像centos7-python3.5-aiqa
FROM pings/centos7-python3.5-aiqa

# 维护者
MAINTAINER Pings 275598139@qq.com

# aiqa生产环境
# nginx,uwsgi,redis

# nginx
# 安装
WORKDIR /etc/yum.repos.d
RUN echo "[nginx]" >> nginx.repo
RUN echo "name=nginx repo" >> nginx.repo
RUN echo "baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/\$releasever/\$basearch/" >> nginx.repo
RUN echo "gpgcheck=0" >> nginx.repo
RUN echo "enabled=1" >> nginx.repo
RUN yum -y install nginx
# 配置
WORKDIR /etc/nginx/conf.d
COPY conf/nginx/aiqa.conf aiqa.conf
COPY conf/nginx/robot.conf robot.conf
RUN rm -f default.conf

# uwsgi
RUN pip3 install uwsgi
WORKDIR /opt/project/product/script
COPY conf/uwsgi/uwsgi.ini uwsgi.ini

# redis
WORKDIR /opt/project
RUN wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.9.tar.gz
RUN tar zvxf redis-4.0.9.tar.gz
WORKDIR /opt/project/redis-4.0.9
RUN make
RUN rm -f /opt/projectredis-4.0.9.tar.gz

# 启动脚本
WORKDIR /opt/project/product
COPY conf/start_aiqa.sh start_aiqa.sh

# 开放端口
EXPOSE 8001
EXPOSE 80

4.5.智能问答环境

# 系统镜像centos7-aiqa-pro-env
FROM pings/centos7-aiqa-pro-env

# 维护者
MAINTAINER Pings 275598139@qq.com

# 添加项目
WORKDIR /opt/project/product
COPY AIQA AIQA

# 启动
CMD ["./start_aiqa.sh"]

• 编译：
  
  docker build -t pings/centos7-aiqa-pro -f centos7-aiqa-pro .
• 运行：
  
  docker run -p 80:80 -p 8001:8001 pings/centos7-aiqa-pro
• 管理运行的容器：docker exec -it 容器id /bin/bash
  
  
  • 查看所有的容器：docker ps -a
  • 查看运行的容器：docker ps
  • 删除容器：docker rm 容器id
  • 删除镜像：docker image rm 镜像id
  • 启动/停止容器：docker start/stop 容器id

5.源码

https://github.com/pingszi/MyDockerfile.git -> aiqa

6.遇到的问题

• 镜像加速
  vim /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service
  ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd –registry-mirror=https://eqrfvvq2.mirror.aliyuncs.com
• configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
  原因：缺少gcc
  解决：RUN yum install -y gcc
• Ignoring ensurepip failure: pip 9.0.1 requires SSL/TLS
  原因：缺少SSL
  解决：RUN yum install -y openssl-devel