RegisterAction.java
package org.zbq.struts2;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
private String username;
private String password;
private String repassword;
private int age;
private Date birthday;
private Date graduate;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getRepassword() {
return repassword;
}
public void setRepassword(String repassword) {
this.repassword = repassword;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public Date getGraduate() {
return graduate;
}
public void setGraduate(Date graduate) {
this.graduate = graduate;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("execute invoked");
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public void validate() {
System.out.println("validate invoked");
if(null == username || username.length() < 4 || username.length() > 6){
this.addActionError("username invalid");
this.addFieldError("username", "username invalid");
}
if(null == password || password.length() < 4 || password.length() > 6){
this.addActionError("password invalid");
}
if(null == repassword || repassword.length() < 4 || repassword.length() > 6){
this.addActionError("repassword invalid");
}
if(!password.equals(repassword)){
this.addActionError("the passwords not the same");
}
if(age < 10 || age >50){
this.addActionError("age invalid");
}
if(null == birthday){
this.addActionError("birthday invalid");
}
if(null == graduate){
this.addActionError("graduate invalid");
}
if(null != birthday && null != graduate){
Calendar c1 = Calendar.getInstance();
c1.setTime(birthday);
Calendar c2 = Calendar.getInstance();
c2.setTime(graduate);
if(!c1.before(c2)){
this.addActionError("birthday should be before graduation");
}
}
}
}
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default">
<action name="register" class="org.zbq.struts2.RegisterAction">
<result name="success">/registerResult.jsp</result>
<result name="input">/register.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
register.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'register.jsp' starting page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>user register</h3>
<s:actionerror cssStyle="color:red"/>
---------------------------------------
<s:fielderror cssStyle="color:blue"/>
<s:form action="register" theme="simple">
username:<s:textfield label="username" name="username"></s:textfield><br/>
password:<s:password label="password" name="password"></s:password><br/>
repassword:<s:password label="repassword" name="repassword"></s:password><br/>
age:<s:textfield label="age" name="age"></s:textfield><br/>
birthday:<s:textfield label="birthday" name="birthday"></s:textfield><br/>
graduate:<s:textfield label="graduate" name="graduate"></s:textfield><br/>
<s:submit value="submit"></s:submit>
</s:form>
<!--
<form action="register.action">
<h3>username:<input type="text" name="username" size="20"/><br/></h3>
<h3>password:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/></h3>
<h3>repassword:<input type="password" name="repassword"/><br/></h3>
<h3>age:<input type="text" name="age" name="age" size="20"><br/></h3>
<h3>birthday:<input type="text" name="birthday" size="20"><br/></h3>
<h3>graduate:<input type="text" name="graduate" size="20"/><br/></h3>
<input type="submit" value="submit"/>
</form>
-->
</body>
</html>
registerResult.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'registerResult.jsp' starting page</title>
</head>
<body>
username: <s:property value="username"/><br/>
password: <s:property value="password"/><br/>
age: <s:property value="age"/><br/>
birthday <s:property value="birthday"/><br/>
graduate <s:property value="graduate"/><br/>
</body>
</html>
1. struts2对8个数据类型以及Date,String等常见类型实现自动转换;对于自定义类型需要自己指定类型转换方式
2. 对于自定义类型转换器来说需要提供3个信息:Action的名字、Action中待转换的属性名以及该属性对应的类型转换器。其中Action的名字是通过属性文件名来获得的、Action中待转换的属性名是通过属性文件中的key来获得的,该属性对应的类型转换器是通过key所对应的value来获得的。
3.可以通过Struts2自带的类型转换器StrutsTypeConverter简化类型装换代码的编写,StrutsTypeConverter继承与DefaultTypeConverter父类,并且提供了两个抽象方法:convertFormString与convertToString,分别表示从页面的字符串转换为后台对象以及从后台对象转换为页面的字符串,我们只需实现这两个抽象方法即可实行类型转换。
4. 全局类型转换。在src目录下新建xwork-comversion.properties,该文件的内容是待转换的类=转换器的名字,即:
org.zbq.bean.User=org.zbq.converter.UserConverter
5. Struts2也支持自定义方法,在struts.xml中的action元素内定义method属性,属性值就是待执行的方法。其中该方法的声明要与execute保持一致。但是不推荐这种方式,因为它容易导致Action代码混乱。6.执行流程
1). 首先进行类型装换
2). 进行校验(执行validate方法)
3). 如果在上述过程中出现了任何错误,都不会再去执行execute方法, 转到struts.xml中该action中name=input 的result所对应的页面
7. ActionSupport类的addActionError()方法的实现:首先创建一个ArrayList对象,然后将错误消息添加到该ArrayList对象中。
8. 当调用getActionErrors()方法返回Action级别的错误信息列表时,返回的实际上是集合的一个副本而不是集合本身,因此对集合副本调用clear()方法清除的依旧是副本中的元素而非原集合中的元素,此时原集合中的内容没有收到任何的影响。换句话说,Action级别的错误信息列表对开发者来说是只读的。
9. Field Error级别的错误信息底层是用LinkedHashMap实现的,该Map的key是Sting类型,value是List<String>类型,这就表示一个Field Name 可以对应多条错误信息,这些错误信息都放置在List<String>集合当中。