HLSL的基础语法

HLSL的基本语法

1 数据类型

1.1   标量类型

1. bool: True or false .Note that the HLSL provides the true and false keywordslike in C++.
2. int: 32-bit signedinteger.
3. half: 16-bit-floatingpoint number.
4. float: 32-bit-floatingpoint number.
5. double: 64-bit-floatingpoint number.

1.2   向量类型

1.2.1 向量种类

1. float2: 2D vector, wherethe components are of type float.
2. float3: 3D vector, wherethe components are of type float.
3. float4: 4D vector, wherethe components are of type float.

除了float之外，我们也可以用其它基本类型来定义向量，如bool2，int3.总之向量的表达类型是TypeN，其中N属于（2,4）.

1.2.2向量的初始化

float3 v = {1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f};
float2 w = float2(x, y);
float4 u = float4(w, 3.0f, 4.0f); // u= (w.x, w.y, 3.0f, 4.0f)

1.2.3向量的访问

用数组语法：

如：vec[i] = 2.0f;

用字母语法，xyzw，rgba。

如：

vec.x = vec.r = 1.0f;
vec.y = vec.g = 2.0f;
vec.z = vec.b = 3.0f;
vec.w = vec.a = 4.0f;

1.2.4 向量的替换调配（swizzles）

为了避免向量赋值时的复杂，HLSL采取以Swizzles的方法，如下：

float4 u = {1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f, 4.0f};
float4 v = {0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f, 6.0f};

v = u.wyyx; // v = {4.0f, 2.0f, 2.0f,1.0f}

v = u.wzyx; // v = {4.0f, 3.0f, 2.0f,1.0f}

v.xy = u; // v = {1.0f, 2.0f, 5.0f,6.0f}

1.3   矩阵类型

1.3.1矩阵的定义语法

Typem×n  xxx;如：

1. float2x2: 2 × 2 matrix, where theentries are of type float.
2. half3x3: 3 × 3 matrix, where theentries are of type half.
3. int4x4: 4 × 4 matrix, where theentries are of type int.
4. bool3x4: 3 × 4 matrix, where theentries are of type bool.

1.3.2 矩阵的访问

用数组语法：

M[i] [j] = value;

用成员变量语法：

M._11 = M._12 = M._13 = M._14 = 0.0f;
M._21 = M._22 = M._23 = M._24 = 0.0f;
M._31 = M._32 = M._33 = M._34 = 0.0f;
M._41 = M._42 = M._43 = M._44 = 0.0f;

或者

M._m00 = M._m01 = M._m02 = M._m03 =0.0