fmpeg 读取mp4 rtsp,存储为图片序列 ffmpeg 2017.08

#include <stdio.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavutil/frame.h>
#include <libswscale/swscale.h>
/*
 *
 */
void SaveFrame(AVFrame *pFrame, int width, int height, int iFrame);

void SaveFrame(AVFrame *pFrame, int width, int height, int iFrame)
    {
        FILE   *pFile;
        char  szFilename[32];
        int       y;

        // Open file
        sprintf(szFilename, "1/frame%d.ppm", iFrame);
        pFile=fopen(szFilename, "wb");
        if(pFile==NULL)
        {return; }

        //Write header
        fprintf(pFile, "P6\n%d %d\n255\n", width, height);

        //Write pixel data
        for(y=0; y<height; y++)
        {
            fwrite(pFrame->data[0]+y*pFrame->linesize[0], 1, width*3, pFile);
        }

        //Close file
        fclose(pFile);
      }
/*
 *
 */
/*Main Function*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    AVFormatContext  *pFormatCtx;
    int              i, videoStreamIdx;
    AVCodecContext   *pCodecCtx;
    AVCodec          *pCodec;
    AVFrame          *pFrame;
    AVFrame          *pFrameRGB;
    AVPacket         packet;
    int              frameFinished;
    int              numBytes;
    uint8_t         *buffer;
    static struct SwsContext  *img_convert_ctx;

    if(argc < 2){
        printf("Please provide a video file\n");
        return -1;
    }

    // /*注册所有可用的格式和编解码器*/
    av_register_all();

    //Open video file
    /*以输入方式打开一个媒体文件,也即源文件,
      codecs并没有打开,只读取了文件的头信息*/
    if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx, argv[1], NULL, NULL) != 0)
    {return -1;} //Couldn't open file

    //Retrieve stream information
    /*通过读取媒体文件中的包来获取媒体文件中的流信息,对于没有头信息的文件如(mpeg)是非常有用的,
      // 该函数通常重算类似mpeg-2帧模式的真实帧率,该函数并未改变逻辑文件的position.
    */
    if(avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx, NULL) < 0)
    {return -1;} // Couldn't find stream information

    // Dump information about file onto standard error
    //该函数的作用就是检查下初始化过程中设置的参数是否符合规范
    av_dump_format(pFormatCtx, 0, argv[1], 0);

    //Find the first video stream
    videoStreamIdx=-1;
    for(i=0; i<pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++)
    {
        if(pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
        { videoStreamIdx=i;
            break;}
    }

    if(videoStreamIdx==-1)
        return -1;// Didn't find a video stream

    // Get a pointer to the codec context for the video stream
    pCodecCtx = pFormatCtx->streams[videoStreamIdx]->codec;

    // Find the decoder for the video stream
    pCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id);
    if(pCodec==NULL)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported codec!\n");
        return -1; //Codec not found
    }

    //Open codec //使用给定的AVCodec初始化AVCodecContext
    if(avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec, NULL) < 0)
    {return -1;} // Could not open codec

    //Allocate video frame
    pFrame = av_frame_alloc();

    //Allocate an AVFrame structure
    pFrameRGB = av_frame_alloc();
    if(pFrameRGB==NULL)
    {return -1;}

    //Determine required buffer size and allocate buffer
    numBytes = avpicture_get_size(AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24,
                                  pCodecCtx->width,
                                  pCodecCtx->height);

    buffer = (uint8_t *) av_malloc(numBytes*sizeof(uint8_t));

    // Assign appropriate parts of buffer to image planes in pFrameRGB
    // Note that pFrameRGB is an AVFrame, but AVFrame is a superset
    // of AVPicture
    avpicture_fill((AVPicture *)pFrameRGB, buffer, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height);

    int w = pCodecCtx->width;
    int h = pCodecCtx->height;
    img_convert_ctx = sws_getContext(w, h, pCodecCtx->pix_fmt,
                                     w, h, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24,
                                     SWS_LANCZOS, NULL, NULL, NULL);

    //Read frames and save first five frames to disk
   i=0;
   while((av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet)>=0) && (i<50))
   {
       // Is this a packet from the video stream?
       if(packet.stream_index==videoStreamIdx)
       {
           //Decode video frame
           avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished, &packet);

           //Did we get a video frame?
           if(frameFinished)
           {
               i++;
               i = i % 15;
               // Convert the image from its native format to RGB
               sws_scale(img_convert_ctx, (const uint8_t * const *)pFrame->data,
                                        pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height,
                                        pFrameRGB->data, pFrameRGB->linesize);
                // Save the frame to disk
               SaveFrame(pFrameRGB, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, i);
           }
       }

       //Free the packet that was allocated by av_read_frame
       av_free_packet(&packet);
   }

   //Free the RGB image
   av_free(buffer);
   av_free(pFrameRGB);

   //Free the YUV frame
   av_free(pFrame);

   sws_freeContext(img_convert_ctx);

   //Close the codec
   avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);

   //Close the video file
   avformat_close_input(&pFormatCtx);
   

   /*FINE PROGRAMMA*/

    return 0;
}