通过鸢尾花数据集演示PCA操作

 主要内容：通过构造协方差矩阵，计算保持原有数据95%特征信息所需要的特征数 ，通过PCA降维构造新的数据集

#通过鸢尾花数据集演示PCA操作
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import numpy as np
iris = load_iris()
X, y = iris.data, iris.target
df = pd.DataFrame(np.hstack((X, y.reshape(-1, 1))),index = range(X.shape[0]),columns=['sepal_len','sepal_wid','petal_len','petal_wid','class'] )
# print(df['class'].value_counts())
# 
# X = df.ix[:,0:4].values
# y = df.ix[:,4].values

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
# import math
# 
label_dict = {0:'Iris-Setosa',
              1:'Iris-Versicolor',
              2:'Iris-Virgnica'
              }
# feature_dict = {0:'sepal length [cm]',
#                 1:'sepal width [cm]',
#                 2:'petal length [cm]',
#                 3:'petal width [cm]'}
# plt.figure(figsize