C++中对象的内存布局（二）

多重继承（继承关系大于一）下对象的内存布局如何呢？

下面给出一个这样的继承关系：

编写代码如下：

class Base1
{
public:
	Base1(int a=10,int b=100):ma1(a),mb1(b){}
	virtual void b1(){cout<<"Base1::b1()"<<" ";}
	virtual void bb1(){cout<<"Base1::bb1()"<<" ";}
	virtual void bbb1(){cout<<"Base1::bbb1()"<<" ";}
protected:
	int ma1;
	int mb1;
};

class Base2
{
public:
	Base2(int a2=20,int b2=200):ma2(a2),mb2(b2){}
	virtual void b2(){cout<<"Base2::b2()"<<" ";}
	virtual void bb2(){cout<<"Base2::bb2()"<<" ";}
	virtual void bbb2(){cout<<"Base2::bbb2()"<<" ";}
protected:
	int ma2;
	int mb2;
};
class Base3
{
public:
	Base3(int a3=30,int b3=300):ma3(a3),mb3(b3){}
	virtual void b3(){cout<<"Base3::b3()"<<" ";}
	virtual void bb3(){cout<<"Base3::bb3()"<<" ";}
	virtual void bbb3(){cout<<"Base3::bbb3()"<<" ";}
protected:
	int ma3;
	int mb3;
};
class Derive:public Base1,Base2,Base3
{
public:
	Derive(int c,int d):mc(c),md(d){}
	virtual void b1(){cout<<"Derive::b1()"<<" ";}
	virtual void bb2(){cout<<"Derive::bb2()"<<" ";}
	virtual void bbb3(){cout<<"Derive::bbb3()"<<" ";}
	virtual void d(){cout<<"Derive::d()"<<" ";}
protected:
	int mc;
	int md;
};

定义一个派生类对象d;查看其内存布局：

根据内存布局做如下打印：

typedef void (*Function)(void);//函数指针

int main()
{
	Derive d(40,400);
	Function pFun=NULL;//定义一个函数指针

	cout<<"[0]   _vfptr"<<endl;//Base1开始
	for(int i=0;i<4;++i)
	{
		
		pFun=((Function*)(long**)(*(long*)(&d)))[i];
		cout<<"   "<<"["<<i<<"]"<<" ";
		pFun();
		cout<<((long**)(*(long*)&d))[i]<<endl;
	}
	for(int i=1;i<3;++i)
	{
		cout<<"["<<i<<"]"<<" "<<((long*)&d)[i]<<endl;
	}
	cout<<"[3]   _vfptr"<<endl;//Base2开始
	for(int i=0;i<3;++i)
	{
		
		pFun=((Function*)((long**)(*((long*)(&d)+3))))[i];
		cout<<"   "<<"["<<i<<"]"<<" ";
		pFun();
		cout<<((long**)(*((long*)(&d)+3)))[i]<<endl;
	}
	for(int i=4;i<6;++i)
	{
		cout<<"["<<i<<"]"<<" "<<((long*)&d)[i]<<endl;
	}
	cout<<"[6]   _vfptr"<<endl;//Base3开始
	for(int i=0;i<3;++i)
	{
		
		pFun=((Function*)(long**)(*((long*)(&d)+6)))[i];
		cout<<"   "<<"["<<i<<"]"<<" ";
		pFun();
		cout<<((long**)(*((long*)&d+6)))[i]<<endl;
	}
	for(int i=7;i<11;++i)
	{
		cout<<"["<<i<<"]"<<" "<<((long*)&d)[i]<<endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

打印及调试：

可以发现：

1、虚函数指针的优先级高。总是放在成员变量的最前面。

2、在多重继承下，每个父类都有自己的虚函数表，不进行合并。==》虚函数表只与类型有关。

3、子类独有的成员函数放在第一个虚函数表中。（上面中的Derive::d()函数）。

4、有虚函数时，覆盖的虚函数在表中得到更新。

现在自己画出对象d的内存布局：