HashMap集合

1️⃣遍历

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使用keySet()遍历

HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();  
// 添加元素到map  
for (String key : map.keySet()) {  
    System.out.println("Key = " + key + ", Value = " + map.get(key));  
}

使用entrySet()遍历

HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();  
// 添加元素到map  
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {  
    System.out.println("Key = " + entry.getKey() + ", Value = " + entry.getValue());  
}

使用Iterator遍历

HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();  
// 添加元素到map  
Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();  
while (iterator.hasNext()) {  
    Map.Entry<String, String> entry = iterator.next();  
    System.out.println("Key = " + entry.getKey() + ", Value = " + entry.getValue());  
}

使用Java 8的forEach()和Lambda表达式遍历

HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();  
// 添加元素到map  
map.forEach((key, value) -> System.out.println("Key = " + key + ", Value = " + value));

2️⃣删除元素

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• 普通写法

HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();  
// 假设map已经被填充了数据  
  
Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();  
while (iterator.hasNext()) {  
    Map.Entry<String, String> entry = iterator.next();  
    if (entry.getKey().contains("a")) {  
        iterator.remove(); // 安全地删除当前元素  
    }  
}

• lambda写法

HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();  
// 假设map已经被填充了数据  
map.entrySet().removeIf(entry -> entry.getKey().contains("a"));