Java Annotation

从JDK5开始，Java增加了Annotation(注解)，Annotation是代码里的特殊标记，这些标记可以在编译、类加载、运行时被读取，并执行相应的处理。通过使用Annotation，开发人员可以在不改变原有逻辑的情况下，在源文件中嵌入一些补充的信息。代码分析工具、开发工具和部署工具可以通过这些补充信息进行验证、处理或者进行部署。 

Annotation提供了一种为程序元素（ 包、类、构造器、方法、成员变量、参数、局域变量）设置元数据的方法。Annotation不能运行，它只有成员变量，没有方法。Annotation跟public、final等修饰符的地位一样，都是程序元素的一部分， Annotation不能作为一个程序元素使用。

1  定义Annotation

自行去这个网址看吧

http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1423558996951.html

2 提取Annotation信息（反射）

当开发者使用了Annotation修饰了类、方法、Field等成员之后，这些Annotation不会自己生效，必须由开发者提供相应的代码来提取并处理Annotation信息。这些处理提取和处理Annotation的代码统称为APT（Annotation Processing Tool）

简单的提取Annotation信息程序

// Annotation的声明
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface MyAnnotation {
    String value();

}

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class AnnotationTest {
    @MyAnnotation("Just a Test.")
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
          Method[] methods = Class.forName("AnnotationTest").getMethods();
          for (Method m : methods) {
                if (m.isAnnotationPresent(MyAnnotation.class)) {
                      MyAnnotation annotation = m.getAnnotation(MyAnnotation.class);
                      System.out.println("方法" + m.getName() + "的MyAnnotation注解内容为："
                                          + annotation.value());
                }
          }
    }

    @MyAnnotation(value="Hello NUMEN.")
    public static void sayHello() {
          System.out.println("Say Hello");
    }
}

输出结果

方法main的MyAnnotation注解内容为：Just a Test.
方法sayHello的MyAnnotation注解内容为：Hello NUMEN.

3.利用反射实现简单的RPC调用

关键的 MyAnnotationHelper类实现 Annotation信息和特定方法绑定

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class MyAnnotationHelper {
    /*
     * 1. get到具体的请求
     * 2. 匹配选中的请求
     * 3. invoke
     */
    private static MyAnnotationHelper instance = null;
    private final static String CRLF = System.getProperty("line.separator");
    private StreamSocket streamSocket;
    private Method[] methods;
    private Map<String, Method> map;
    private MyAnnotationHelper() throws Exception {
        streamSocket = null;
        init();
    }

    private void init() throws Exception {
        if (map == null) map = new HashMap<String, Method>();
        methods = Class.forName("SimpleHTTPServerHelper").getMethods();
        for (Method m : methods) {
            if (m.isAnnotationPresent(Mypath.class)) {
                Mypath annotation = m.getAnnotation(Mypath.class);
                System.out.println("方法" + m.getName() + "的MyAnnotation注解内容为："
                                    + annotation.value());
                map.put(annotation.value(), m);
            }
        }
    }

    public static MyAnnotationHelper getInstance() throws Exception {
        if (instance == null) instance = new MyAnnotationHelper();
        return instance;
    }

    public void setSocket(Socket socket) throws IOException {
        this.streamSocket = new StreamSocket(socket);
    }

    public void processRequest() throws IOException, IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
        while (true) {
            // 读取并显示 HTTP客户端提交的请求信息
            String headerLine = streamSocket.receiveMessage();
            if (headerLine.trim().equals(".")) {
                System.out.println("会话结束!");
                break;
            } else {
                if (headerLine.length() != 0)
                    System.out.println("客户端的请求时：" + headerLine);
                StringTokenizer s = new StringTokenizer(headerLine);
                if ((s.countTokens() >= 2) && s.nextToken().equals("GET")) {
                    String filename = s.nextToken();
                    if (filename.startsWith("/"))
                        filename = filename.substring(1);
                    if (filename.endsWith("/"))
                        filename += "index.html";
                    if (filename.equals(""))
                        filename += "index.html";

                    String statusLine = null;
                    String entityBody = null;
                    if (map.containsKey(filename)) {
                        statusLine = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK" + CRLF;
                        SimpleHTTPServerHelper simpleHTTPServerHelper = new SimpleHTTPServerHelper();
                        System.out.println("filename: "+ filename);
                        Object invoke = map.get(filename).invoke(simpleHTTPServerHelper, null);
                        entityBody = (String) invoke;
                    } else {
                        statusLine = "HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found" + CRLF;
                        entityBody = "＜HTML＞" + "＜HEAD＞" + CRLF
                                + "＜TITLE＞404 Not Found＜/TITLE＞" + CRLF
                                + "＜/HEAD＞＜BODY＞" + CRLF + "<h1>Not Found</h1>"
                                + CRLF + "<p>The request URI " + filename
                                + " was not found on this server.</p>" + CRLF
                                + "＜/BODY＞＜/HTML＞" + CRLF;
                        System.out.println("该URL不存在");
                    }

                    streamSocket.sendMessage(statusLine);
                    streamSocket.sendMessage(CRLF);
                    streamSocket.sendMessage(entityBody);
                    streamSocket.sendMessage(CRLF);
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

代码下载地址：https://github.com/zhzdeng/SimpleHTTPServerForAnnotation.git

参考文章  http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1423558996951.html